Iipompyutye zeekhompyutheni zizicelo ezinobungozi ezijoliswe ukusasaza ngeekhomputha zekhompyutha. Iifom yekhompyutheni yindlela enye ye-malware kunye ne- virus kunye ne- trojans .
Iifom yeeKompyutha zisebenza njani
Umntu uvame ukufaka iimbongolo ngokungavuli ukuvula isinamathiselo se-imeyile okanye umyalezo oqulethe izikripthi ezisebenzayo. Emva kokufakwe kwikhompyutheni, iimbongolo zivelisa ngokukhawuleza imilayezo eyongezelelweyo ye-imeyile equle iikopi zegongolo. Zingaphinda zivule iipropathi zeTCP ukuze zenze izikhokelo zokukhusela izixhobo zokhuseleko kwezinye izicelo, kwaye zingazama ukukhukula i- LAN ngokuthunyelwa kwedatha ye-Denial of Service (DoS) .
Iibhokhwe eziDumile zeInternet
I-Morris imbongolo yabonakala ngo-1988 xa umfundi othile ogama lakhe linguRobert Morris wadala imbungu waza walikhulula kwi-intanethi kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha. Nangona okokuqala kwakungekho nengozi, iimbongolo zaqala ukuphinda zitshintshe iikopi zayo kwiinkonzo ze-intanethi zemihla (ngaphambili kwiWebhu yeWebhu yehlabathi ), ekugqibeleni zibenze bayeke ukusebenza ngenxa yokudinwa kwezibonelelo.
Impembelelo ebonakalayo yolu hlaselo yaphakanyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yeemvungu zekhompyutheni kuba yimbono yomntu jikelele. Emva kokugwetywa ngokusemthethweni kwinkqubo yomthetho wase-US, uRobert Morris ekugqibeleni waphinda wakha umsebenzi wakhe waza waba nguprofesa kwisikolo esifanayo (i-MIT) apho aqala khona ukuhlaselwa.
I-Code Red yabonakala ngo-2001. Yangena ngamakhulu amawaka eenkqubo kwi-intanethi isebenzisa iMicrosoft Information Services (IIS) kwiWebhu yomncedisi , ekutshintsheni amaphepha abo asemakhaya kwigama elibi
MHOLWENI! Mkeleke ku http://www.worm.com! Hacked By Chinese!
Le mbozi yaqanjwa ngegama elithandwayo lesiselo esiphuzo.
I-worda ye-Nimda (ebizwa ngokuthi iguqulela iileta zegama elithi "admin") nayo yabonakala ngo-2001. Yathintela ii-Windows iikhompyutheni ezifinyeleleka nge-intanethi, ezibangelwa ukuvula ii-imeyli ezithile okanye iiWebhu. unyaka.
I-Stuxnet yahlasela izixhobo zenukliya ngaphakathi kwelizwe lase-Iran, ekubhekiselele kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zehardware ezisetyenziselwa kwiinkqubo zayo zorhwebo kunokuba iseva ye-intanethi. Ihlanganiswe kwiimangalo zobugqwetha bamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokufihla, iteknoloji eyenziwa yiStuxnet ibonakala inzulu kakhulu kodwa iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zingenakuze zenziwe ngokubanzi.
Ukukhusela Iimvu
Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwesoftware yomnatha wemihla ngemihla, izimpompo zekhompyutheni ziwela kalula kwiinkqubo zomlilo zomnatha kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhusela inethiwekhi. Izixhobo zesoftware ze-Antivirus zizama ukulwa nama-worms kwakunye neentsholongwane; ukuqhuba le software kwiikhomputha kunye nokufikelela kwi-Intanethi Kunconywa.
I-Microsoft kunye nabanye abasebenzisi benkqubo yokukhangela rhoqo bakhupha izilungiso zohlaziyo kunye nezilungiso ezilungiselelwe ukukhusela ezimpompo nakweminye ingozi yokukhuseleka. Abasebenzisi kufuneka bahlaziye rhoqo iinkqubo zabo ngala ma-patches ukuphucula izinga labo lokukhusela.
Iimbongolo ezininzi zisasazeka ngeefayile ezinobungozi ezifakwe kwiimeyile. Gwema okunamathiselwe kwe-imeyile okuthunyelwe ngamaqela angaziwa: Ukuba ungathandabuzeki, ungavuli izinamathiselo - abahlaseli bawafihla ngobuqili ukuba babonakale bengenakubungozi kunokwenzeka.