Iifomula kwiiprogram ze-spreadsheet ezifana ne-Excel kunye ne-Google Spreadsheet zisetyenziselwa ukwenza izibalo okanye ezinye izenzo kwi-data efakwe kwifomu kunye / okanye igcinwe kwiifayile zeprogram.
Ziyakwazi ukuhlula ukusuka kwimisebenzi yesiseko semathematika , njengokungeza kunye nokukhupha, kubunjineli obunzima kunye nezibalo zokubala.
Iifomula zilungele ukusebenza "ntoni ukuba" iziganeko eziqhathanisa izibalo ezisekelwe kutshintshi idatha. Emva kokuba ifomula ingenisiwe, kufuneka uguqule kuphela imali ukuba ibalwe. Akumele uqhubeke nokungena "kunye nale" okanye "unciphise" njengokuba wenza ngokubala rhoqo.
Iifomula Qala Nge & # 61; Uphawu
Kwiinkqubo ezifana ne-Excel, i- Open Office Calc , kunye ne-Google Spreadsheets, iifomula ziqala ngokulingana (=) kunye kwaye, inxalenye enkulu, zingeniswa kwi-cell (s) yeshidi apho sifuna khona ukuba iziphumo ziphendule .
Umzekelo, ukuba i-formula = 5 + 4 - 6 ingeniswe kwi-cell A1, ixabiso 3 liya kuvela kuloo ndawo.
Cofa kwi-A1 nge-pointer ye mouse, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ifom iboniswe kwibha yefomula ngaphezu kwephepha lokusebenzela.
Ulwaphulo lweFomula
Ifomula inokudibanisa nayiphi na okanye zonke ezi zilandelayo:
- xabiso
- maxesha
- izikhokelo zeeseli
- imisebenzi
- ba sebenzi
Iimilinganiselo
Iimilinganiselo kwiifomula azigcini nje kuphela kumanani kodwa zingabandakanya:
- imihla
- amagama - itekisi - ihlala ijikelezwe ngamanqaku okucaphuna ( "" )
- Iimpawu zeBoolean - IQINISO okanye FALSE kuphela
Const Constructions
Isigxina - njengoko igama libonisa - lixabiso elingatshintshiyo. Akukho kubalwa. Nangona amaxesha anokuthiwa awaziwa njengePi (Π) - umlinganiselo wesigangqa sesangqa ukuya kobunzima bawo - banokuba nayiphi na ixabiso-njengentlawulo yerhafu okanye usuku oluthile - olutshintsho oluninzi.
Iingxelo zeSeli kwiifomu
Izikhokelo zee cell - ezifana ne-A1 okanye i-H34-zibonisa indawo yedatha kwiphepha lokusebenzela okanye incwadi yokusebenzela. Esikhundleni sokungena kwedatha ngqo kwi-formula, ngokuqhelekileyo kungcono ukungena idatha kwiiseli zomsebenzi kwaye ufake iinkcukacha zeeseli kwindawo yendawo kwifom.
Iintlobo zezi zinto kukuba:
- Ukuba utshintshe idatha yakho ifomula ihlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo ukubonisa umphumo omtsha;
- Kwiimeko ezithile, ukusetyenziswa kweeferensi zeselula kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukukopisha amafomula ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwelinye kwiphepha lokusebenzela.
Ukuze kube lula ukungena kwiinkcukacha ezininzi zeeselfowuni ezifakwe kwifomula, zingeniswa njengoluhlu olubonisa nje ukuqala nokugqibela. Ngokomzekelo, iireferensi, A1, A2, A3 zingabhalwa njenge-A1: A3.
Ukwenza lula izinto ngakumbi, iindawo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo zinganikwa igama elinokungena kwiifomula.
Imisebenzi: Iifomu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi
Iiprogram zeSpreadsheet ziqulethe nenani lamagama afakwe kwiifomu ezibizwa ngokuba yimisebenzi.
Imisebenzi yenza kube lula ukwenza:
- imisebenzi eyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo - njengokufaka iikholomu okanye imiqolo yamanani kunye nomsebenzi we-SUM
- imisebenzi ede okanye eyinkimbinkimbi - njengokufumana ulwazi oluthe ngqo nge-VLOOKUP
Abaqhubi beFomula
I-arithmetic okanye i-mathematical operator ngumqondiso okanye uphawu olubonisa ukusebenza kwe-arithmetic kwifom ye-Excel.
Abaqhubi bacacisa uhlobo lokubala olwenziwa yifom.
Iintlobo zabasebenzisi
Iindidi ezahlukileyo zabaqhubi bokubala ezingasetyenziselwa amafomula ziquka:
- i-arithmetic - isetyenziselwa i-arithmetic eyisiseko ezifana nokudibanisa nokukhupha
- the lekisa
- ngombhalo
AbaSebenzi beArithmetic
Abanye abaqhubi be-arithmetic - njengalezo zokongeza kunye nokukhupha - zifana nezo zisetyenzisiweyo kwiifomula ezibhalwe ngesandla, ngelixa ezo zokuphindaphinda, ukwahlukana, kunye neziboniso ziyahluka.
Bonke abaqhubi be-arithmetic ba:
- Ukukhupha - uphawu lokunciphisa ( - )
- Ukongeza - kunye nomqondiso ( + )
- Ulwahlulo - ukuqhuma phambili ( / )
- Ukuphindaphinda - i-asterisk ( * )
- Exponentiation - caret ( ^ )
Ukuba ngaphezulu kweyodwa umsebenzisi usetyenziswa kwifomu, kukho umyalelo othile wenkqubo eyenziwa ngu-Excel ekunqumeni ukuba ngowokuphi ukusebenza kwenzeka kuqala.
Ukuqhathanisa nabasebenzisi
Umqhathanisi-mpahla , njengoko igama libonisa, lenza uthelekiso phakathi kweempawu ezimbini kwi-formula kunye nesiphumo saloo mzekeliso sinokuze kube yinyaniso okanye i-FALSE.
Kukho abaqhathanisi abathandathu:
- Ulingana ( = )
- Ngaphantsi kwe ( << )
- Ngaphantsi okanye elinganayo ( <= )
- Mkhulu kune ( > )
- Mkhulu kunelo okanye alinganayo ( > = = )
- Alingani na ( <> )
IMIYA kunye ne-OR imimiselo yimizekelo yefomula ezisebenzisa abasebenzisi bokuqhathanisa.
Umqhubi weConcatenation
I-Concatenation ithetha ukujoyina izinto kunye kunye nomqhubi we-concatenation yi-ampersand " & " kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukujoyina iindidi ezininzi zeenkcukacha kwifom.
Umzekelo wale nto uza kuba:
{= INDEX (D6: F11, MATCH (D3 & E3, D6: D11 & E6: E11, 0), 3)}
apho umqhubi we-concatenation usetyenziselwa ukudibanisa uluhlu lweedatha ezininzi kwifom ye- lookup usebenzisa i-Excel ye-INDEX nemisebenzi ye-MATCH .