Kukho okungakumbi kumfanekiso wesithombe kunokuba inani leepekseli.
Inzwa yomfanekiso kwi-camcorder (okanye ikhamera yedijithali) yintoni ebeka "idijithali" kwi-camcorder yedijithali. Ukubeka ngokucacileyo, umtshini wesithombe uguqula ukukhanya okufakwe yilenjini yakho yekhamera kwaye uyiguqula ibe yisignali yedijithali. Ukukhanya okukhanyisiweyo kuqhutywe kwaye kugcinwe kwimemori yekhamera yakho njengefayile yevidiyo yedijithali ongayijonga kamva kwikhompyutha yakho okanye kwi-TV. Ngaphambi kweseli ngokwayo, inzwa yesithombe yinto ebalulekileyo eqinisekisa ividiyo efanelekileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeencensor image image : CCD (ukuhlawula idivaysi ehlangeneyo) kunye ne- CMOS (i-complementary metal oxic semiconductor). Zombini iintlobo zeteknoloji yesikhombisi-mfanekiso ziqukethe amakhulu amabili okanye iidemon zeepikseli. Cinga nge-pixel njengebhakethi elincinci elithatha ukukhanya kwaye lijika libe ngumqondiso wombane.
Indlela i-CMOS & amp; CCD Sensors ezahlukeneyo
Kwisimo somfanekiso weCCD, iipikseli zithatha ukukhanya kwaye zithuthelele kumda we-chip apho iguqulwa ibe yisignali yedijithali. Kwi-sensor ye-CMOS, ukukhanya kuguqulwa kwi-pixel ngokwayo - akukho bhanti yokuthutha kagesi efunekayo. Ukwahlukana okubuqilileyo kubalulekile: kuba isibonakaliso sokukhanya asifanele sithunyelwe kumda we-chip ukuguqulwa, inzwa ye-CMOS idinga amandla angaphantsi kokusebenza. Oko kuthetha ukuba, konke okulinganayo, i-camcorder ene-CMOS inzwa izakunikela ubomi obungaphezulu kwebhetri kuneyona CCD. Ngokuqinisekileyo, izinto ziphantse zilingane, ngoko ke ungacingi nje ukuba i-CMOS camcorder ibhetele ubomi obungcono kuneCC alternative.
Kwiminyaka emininzi, ii-CCD zengqondo zithathwa njengeteknoloji ephezulu kunomfanekiso kunye nekhwalithi yevidiyo. Nangona kunjalo, iinkolelo ze-CMOS zenze inxaxheba enkulu kwilo sebe kwaye ngoku zifunyenwe kwinani elikhulayo lama-camcorders kuwo onke amanani entengo. U-Sony, umzekelo, ngoku usebenzisa i-CMOS inzwa kwi-top-of-line yenkcazo ephakamileyo yekhamera, i-HDR-XR520V.
Ngoko ke, ngelixa i-CMOS kunye ne-CCD yeenomfanekiso zengqondo zihluke, akwenzi njalo ngendlela enokuthi ibe nengqiqo kumthengi ophakathi. Kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo encinci kwintlobo yesincom kwi-camcorder yakho kunye nokuqwalasela okungakumbi kwi-pixel count kunye nobukhulu bomzimba wenzwa.
Iipikseli zokubala
Xa uhlolisisa iinkcazo zekhamera, uza kufumana iiseti ezimbini zeenombolo ezidweliswe yintsimi: inani lepikseli elipheleleyo kunye nenani eliphambili le-pixel count. Inani elipheleleyo libhekisela kwinani elipheleleyo leepikseli kwi-sensor, kodwa usebenza ngempumelelo kukuxelela ukuba zingaphi iipekseli eziza kusetyenziswa xa uthatha ividyo okanye iifoto. Ngoko, qwabela i-pixel esebenzayo xa ubheka isisombululo sevidiyo yakho.
Ukubalwa kwephikel esebenzayo kubalulekile kwesinye isizathu: kukunceda ukuba unqumle ukuthengiswa kwempahla ethile. Thatha i-Camcorder A. Ityala ithi inokuthatha ifoto ye-megapixel ye-10 (ie isithunzi kunye neepikseli ezigidi ezili-10 kuyo). Kodwa xa ukhangela inani lamaphikseli asebenzayo kwi-sensor yayo yesithombe, uyabona kuphela umva we-megapixel. Isenzi-mfanekiso se-4-megapixel sithatha njani isithombe se-megapixel? Yenzelwe kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-interpolation. Njengomgaqo jikelele, kufuneka uhlaziye umgangatho wezithombe ezenziwe ngokubhaliweyo. Endaweni yoko, sebenzisa inani lamaphikseli asebenzayo kwintsimbi yekhamera njengesikhokelo kwisisombululo sangempela sezithombe zakho.
Ukubaluleka kobukhulu beSithombe soBungakanani
Inombolo yamaphikseli kwisitho somfanekiso asiyena kuphela into echaphazela umgangatho wevidiyo efakwe. Ubungakanani bobukhulu bemicimbi yesikhombisi ngokunjalo. Izenzi-mifanekiso zogqithiso ezinkulu zinokubamba ukukhanya okungaphezulu kunezona ezincinci, nokuba ngaba zinamaphikseli ambalwa. Kungenxa yokuba, ngelixa kuncinci ngenani, ezi pixel zikhulu kwaye ngoko zinako ukuthatha ukukhanya okungaphezulu.
Yingakho uza kubona ii-camcorders zikhangise kungekhona kuphela inani leepekseli kwi-sensor yomfanekiso, kodwa ubukhulu be-sensor ngokwayo (ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinqhezu ze-intshi). Ukulungele ukuthenga i-camcorder ene-image enkulu nangona i-pixels embalwa kunomzekelo wokukhuphisana kunye nenzwa encinci kunye neeplisili ezininzi.