Kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi, i- topology ibhekisela kwisakhiwo sezixhobo ezixhunyiwe. Eli nqaku lizisa ubungqina obuqhelekileyo bokunxibelelana.
I-Topology kwi-Network Design
Cinga ngombono wokuxolisa njengomfanekiso wenethiwekhi okanye isakhiwo. Lo mzobo awuhambelani nendawo yokwenyama yangempela yezixhobo kwi-intanethi. Ngokomzekelo, iikhomputha kwi-intanethi yekhaya zinokucwangciswa ngesangqa kwisithuba seentsapho, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-topology yangaphakathi.
Iingxolo zeenethiwekhi zihlelwe kwiindidi ezilandelayo:
- ibhasi
- ngqinela
- nkwenkwezi
- umthi
- imitha
Unxibelelwano olunzima ngakumbi lunokwakhiwa njengesixube sesibini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mbongo ezingundoqo ezingentla.
I-Topology
Iinqununu zeebhasi (ukuba zidideke kunye nebhasi yenkqubo yekhompyutheni) sebenzisa umqolo oqhelekileyo ukudibanisa zonke izixhobo. Intambo enye, i-backbone isebenza njengendawo edibeneyo yokunxibelelana ukuba ifowuni ifake okanye ifake kwi-connector. Isixhobo esifuna ukunxibelelana nesinye isixhobo kwinethwekhi sithumela umyalezo wokusasaza kwi-wire ukuba zonke ezinye izixhobo zibone, kodwa kuphela ummkeli ofunyenweyo owamkeleyo kwaye owenza umyalezo.
Ukuxolisa kwebhasi ye-Ethernet kulula ukuba kufake kwaye akufuneki ukukhwabanisa okuninzi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela. 10Base-2 ("ThinNet") kunye ne-10Base-5 ("ThickNet") zombini zikhethwa zikhetho ezikhethiweyo ze- Ethernet kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kwiibongozo zebhasi. Nangona kunjalo, amanethiwekhi eebhasi asebenza kakuhle kunye nenani elincinci lamacebo. Ukuba kukho iikhompyutheni ezili-12 ezongeziweyo kwibhasi yenethiwekhi, iingxaki zokusebenza ziya kubakho. Ukongezelela, ukuba i-backbone ikhatyatheka, inethiwekhi yonke iyasebenza.
Umzekeliso: Umzobo weBhasi yeTeksi
Ring Topology
Kwinkonzo yomnatha, zonke iifowuni zinabamelwane ababini ngokunxibelelana. Yonke imilayezo ihamba ngendandatho kwicala elifanayo (mhlawumbi "ngeso lengqondo" okanye "inqumfa yeeyure"). Ukuhluleka kunoma iyiphi ikhebula okanye idivaysi iphula i-loop kwaye iyakuthabatha inethiwekhi yonke.
Ukuphumeza inethiwekhi yentsimbi, enye isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-FDDI, iSONET , okanye iTeken Ring . Iingongoma zengxolo zifumaneka kwezinye izakhiwo zeofisi okanye iikampus zikolo.
Umzekeliso: Umzobo we-Topology
Star Starology
Amanethiwekhi amaninzi asekhaya asebenzisa i-topology yeenkwenkwezi. Inethiwekhi yeenkwenkwezi ibonisa indawo ephambili yoxhumo ebizwa ngokuba yi "node hub" engaba yintambo yenethiwekhi , utshintsho okanye i- router . Amadivaysi ngokuqhelekileyo axhuma kwi-hub ene-Ethernet engaphenduliweyo (UTP).
Ukuqhathaniswa ne-topology yebhasi, inethiwekhi yenkwenkwezi idinga i-cable ngaphezulu, kodwa ukuhluleka kunoma iyiphi ikhefu yenethiwekhi yenkwenkwezi iya kuthatha kuphela ukungena kwenethiwekhi yekhompyutha kwaye ayiyiyo yonke i- LAN . (Ukuba i-hub ihluleka, nangona kunjalo, inethiwekhi yonke iyahluleka.)
Umzekeliso: Umzobo we-Topological Diagram
Topologicalology
I-topology yomthi ihlangene kunye neenkwenkwezi ezininzi zeenkwenkwezi ndawonye kwibhasi. Ngendlela yayo elula, iifowuni kuphela ze-hub zidibanisa ngqo kwibhasi yomthi, kwaye i-hub nganye isebenza njengengcambu yomthi wezixhobo. Indlela yokuhlaziya ibhasi / yeenkwenkwezi ixhasa ulwandiso lwexesha elizayo kunxibelelwano lwebhasi (kuncinci kwinani lamadivaysi ngenxa yendlela yokusasaza iyenzayo) okanye inkwenkwezi (echithwe inani lamanqaku okuxhunywa kwehubhu) yodwa.
Umzekeliso: Umzobo weTopoloji yomthi
I-Topology
I-topology yamatye izisa umgaqo weendlela. Ngokungafani nenye yeembambano zangaphambili, imilayezo ethunyelwe kumnatha womthamo inokuthatha nayiphi na indlela emininzi enokwenzeka ukusuka kwimvelaphi ukuya kwindawo eya kuyo. (Khumbula ukuba nakwiyindandatho, nangona kukho iindlela ezimbini zeendlela, imilayezo inokuhamba kuphela kwelinye icala.) Ezinye i- WANs , ikakhulukazi i-Intanethi, zisebenzisa i-mesh routing.
Intambo yenethiwekhi apho zonke idivaysi zidibanisa kuzo zonke ezinye zibizwa ngokuba yi-mesh epheleleyo. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzekeliso ongezantsi, amanqwanqwa angamaqela athile ahlala apho ezinye iifowuni zidibanisa ngqo kwabanye.
Umzekeliso: Umzobo weTypeology
Isishwankathelo
I-Topology ihlala yinto ebalulekileyo yenkolelo yokuloba kwenethiwekhi. Mhlawumbi ungakha ikhaya okanye inethiwekhi yecomputer yenkampani ngaphandle kokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezinto zebhasi kunye neenkwenkwezi, kodwa ukuba uqhelanise nemibandela eqhotyoshelweyo kukunika ukuqonda okungcono imigaqo ebalulekileyo yokunxibelelana njengama-hubs, ukusasazwa kunye nemizila.