I-CSS yindlela efanelekileyo yokuyilwa kweekhasi zewebhu
Ukufunda ukubhala izakhiwo zeCSS kungakhohlisa, ingakumbi ukuba uyazi kakuhle ukusebenzisa iitafile ukudala izakhiwo zekhasi lewebhu. Kodwa ngelixa i- html5 ivumela amacwecwe omxholo, akusiyo ingcamango efanelekileyo.
Iifayile azifumaneki
Kanye nje ngeenjini zokukhangela, abaninzi abafundi bekrini bafunda amaphepha ewebhu ngendlela eboniswa ngayo kwi-HTML. Kwaye ietafile zinokuba nzima kakhulu kubafundi bekrini ukuxubusha. Oku kungenxa yokuba umxholo osekusetyenzisweni kwetafile, ngelixesha eliqhelekileyo, alisoloko lucacisa xa ufunda ukushiya kwesokudla ukuya phezulu. Ngaphezulu, kunye neetafile ezinamakhanda, kunye neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo kwiiseli zetafile zenza ukuba kunzima ukufumana iphepha.
Esi sizathu sokuba i-HTML5 icacise ngokubhekiselele kumathebula ekusetyenzisweni kwaye kutheni i-HTML 4.01 iyayichitha. Amaphepha ewebhu afumanekayo avumela abantu abaninzi ukuba basebenzise kwaye bayimpawu yomyili wezakhono.
Nge CSS, unokuchaza icandelo njengelinye icala kwicala lasekhohlo kwiphepha kodwa uyibeke ekugcineni kwi-HTML. Emva koko abafundi bekrini kunye neenjini zokukhangela ziya kufunda ezi ndawo ezibalulekileyo (umxholo) kuqala kunye neendawo ezingabalulekanga (ukuhamba) ekugqibeleni.
Iidable zikhohlakele
Nangona udala itafile kunye nomhleli wewebhu, amaphepha akho ewebhu aya kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukugcina. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezilula kakhulu zeewebhsayithi zewebhu, ezininzi iitafile zendlela zifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi kunye neempawu kunye neetafile eziziwayo.
Ukwakha itafile kunokubonakala kulula xa uyenza, kodwa kufuneka ugcine. Iinyanga ezithandathu phantsi komgca ongeke kube lula ukukhumbula ukuba kutheni uhlalise iitheyibhile okanye zingaphi iiseli zilandele njalo njalo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ugcina amaphepha ewebhu njengelungu leqela, kufuneka uchaze ngamnye umntu ukuba amacwecwe asebenza njani okanye alindele ukuba athathe ixesha elongezelelweyo xa kufuneka benze utshintsho.
I-CSS ingaba nzima, kodwa igcina intetho ehlukileyo kwi-HTML kwaye yenza kube lula ukugcina ixesha elide. Ngaphezulu, nge-CSS ifayile ungabhala enye ifayile yeCSS, kunye nesitayela onke amaphepha akho ukujonga ngale ndlela. Kwaye xa ufuna ukutshintsha ukufakwa kwendawo yakho, utshintshe i fayile enye yeCSS, kwaye yonke indawo ye-chnges-ayikho enye yekhasi enye ngexesha ukuhlaziya iitheyibhile ukuhlaziywa kwendawo.
Iidable ziyaxhamla
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukudala izakhiwo zeetafile kunye neepesenteji ububanzi, zihlala zihamba ngokukhawuleza ukulayisha kwaye zinokutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo indlela umxholo wakho ubonakala ngayo. Kodwa ukuba usebenzisa ububanzi obucacileyo kwietafile zakho, uqukumbela ngesakhiwo esiqinileyo esingakhange sibukeke kakuhle kwiindwendwe ezilingeneyo ngokwazo.
Ukudala izakhiwo eziguquguqukayo ezibukeka zilungileyo kubagadi abaninzi, izikhangeli kunye nezigqibo zilula. Enyanisweni, ngemibuzo yeendaba ze-CSS, unokwenza izidibaniso ezihlukeneyo zobukhulu beeskrini.
Iifayile eziseNtshonalanga zilayishe ngakumbi ngokuthe gqolo kuneCSS kwiSame Design
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokudala izakhiwo ezintle kunye neetafile kukuthi "zinyame" iitafile. Oku kuthetha ukuba enye (okanye ngaphezulu) itafile ifakwa ngaphakathi kwelinye. Iitheyibhile ezingaphezulu, ziza kuthatha ixesha elide kwi-web browser ukuze zinike iphepha.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusekwa kwetafile kusetyenziswa abalinganiswa abaninzi ukudala ngaphezu koyilo lweCSS. Kwaye iibalo ezimbalwa zibhekisa ngaphantsi ukukhuphela.
Iidable zingalimaza iNjini yoPhando
Itheyibhile eqhelekileyo eyenziwe isakhiwo sinomgca wokuhamba ngakwesokunxele sephepha kunye nomxholo ophezulu ngakwesokudla. Xa usebenzisa itafile, oku (ngokuqhelekileyo) kufuna ukuba umxholo wokuqala obonisa i-HTML ibha yokuhamba ngesandla. Iinjongo zophando zihlukanisa iphepha elisekelwe kumxholo, kwaye iinjinjini ezininzi zichonga ukuba umxholo oboniswe phezulu kwiphepha ubaluleke ngakumbi kunomxholo. Ngoko, iphepha elinokuhamba ngekhohlo lokuqala, liya kubonakala linomxholo ongabalulekanga ngaphezu kokuhamba.
Ukusebenzisa i-CSS, unokubeka kuqala umxholo obalulekileyo kwi-HTML uze usebenzise i-CSS ukuchonga apho kufuneka ifakwe kwindawo yokuyila. Oku kuthetha ukuba izitshixo zokukhangela ziza kubona umxholo obalulekileyo kuqala, nokuba ngaba uyilo lubeka phantsi kwezantsi.
Iidable Don & # 39; T Njalo uprinte kakuhle
Iiplani ezininzi zeetrafti aziprinti kakuhle kuba zilula kakhulu kumshicileli. Ngoko, ukubenza bafanelane, iiphequluli ziya kunqumla iitheyibhile kwaye ziphrinta amacandelo angezantsi ziphumela kumaphepha ahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha uphelela ngamaphepha akhangeleka kakuhle, kodwa uhlangothi olungileyo lulahlekile. Amanye amaphepha aya kuprinta amacandelo kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo.
Nge CSS unokwenza ishidi elilodwa lohlobo lokushicilela iphepha.
Iifayile zoLungiselelo zingavumelekanga kwi-HTML 4.01
Inkcazelo ye-HTML 4 ithi: "Iifayile kufuneka zingasetyenziswanga nje ngeendlela zokwenza umxholo womxholo njengoko oku kungabangela iingxaki xa kunikezelwa kwimidiya engabonakaliyo."
Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ukubhala i-HTML 4.01 eyiyo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa iitafile ukuze ulungiselelwe. Kufuneka usebenzise kuphela iitheyibhile zedatha yedatha. Kwaye iinkcukacha zedatha zibukeka njengento ongayibonisa kwispredishithi okanye mhlawumbi isiseko sedatha.
Kodwa i-HTML5 yatshintshe imigaqo kwaye ngoku iitafile zokulungiselela, ngelixa zingakunconywa, ngoku ziyi-HTML esebenzayo. Inkcazo ye-HTML5 ithi: "Iifayile akufanele zisetyenziswe njengezinto zokuncedisa."
Kungenxa yokuba iitafile zendlela yokumisa zinzima ukuba abafundi bekrini bakwazi ukwahlula, njengoko ndithetha ngentla.
Ukusebenzisa i-CSS ukubeka nokubeka iphepha lakho kuphela le-HTML 4.01 efanelekileyo yokufumana iimveliso owazisetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa iitafile ukudala. Kwaye i-HTML5 icetyisa kakhulu le ndlela ngokunjalo.
Iifayili zoLungiselelo zingenza impembelelo yeJob Yakho
Njengoko abaqulunqi bezinto ezintsha befunda i-HTML ne-CSS, izakhono zakho ekwakheni amalungiselelo etafile ziza kuba zifunwa ngaphantsi. Ewe, kuyinyaniso ukuba abathengi abakuxeleli ngokukodwa iteknoloji oyifanele ukuyisebenzisa ekwakheni amaphepha abo ewebhu. Kodwa bacela kuwe izinto ezinje:
- Amaphepha ewebhu afikelelekayo: iimpawu ezingabonwa ngabafundi bekrini zigunyazwa ngamazwe amaninzi kunye namaqumrhu afumaneka ukufikeleleka kubaluleke kakhulu nangakumbi imihla ngemihla.
- Amaphepha ewebhu agcinweyo: iimpawu abangayithatha kunye nokuba awuyi kubakhona kwikamva.
- Ukuyila kwe-Flexible: iiplani ezisebenza kwii-browser, izigqibo kunye nezixhobo ezininzi.
- Ukukhawuleza iphepha lokukhuphela: ijubane liba luleke ngakumbi kwaye luya kubaluleke nakwi-SEO.
- Ukuyila okushicilelweyo: iphepha eliprinta ngaphandle kweempendulo ezizodwa okanye iphepha elongezelelweyo.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuhambisa oko abaceli baceleyo, bayayeka ukuza kuwe ukuyila, mhlawumbi kungekhona namhlanje, kodwa mhlawumbi kunyaka ozayo okanye emva konyaka. Ngaba unako ukuvumela ukuba ibhizinisi lakho lithinteke ngenxa yokuba awuzimisele ukuqala ukufunda isicwangciso esisebenzise ukususela ekupheleni kwee-1990?
Ukuziphatha: Funda ukusebenzisa i-CSS
I-CSS ingaba nzima ukuyifunda, kodwa nayiphi na into ebalulekileyo ifanelekileyo umzamo. Ungazigcini izakhono zakho ekuhlaleni. Funda i-CSS kwaye wakha amaphepha akho ewebhu ngendlela ayenzelwe ukwakhelwa ngayo kunye ne-CSS yoyilo.