Ukuhlelwa kwimeko yokupapashwa kwe-TV ye-Digital
Ukuphunyezwa kwe-DTV kunye ne-HDTV yokusasazwa nge-DTV Transition eyenziwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-Juni 12, 2009, yayisiganeko esimbalileyo, njengoko satshintshile indlela umxholo weTV usasazwa ngayo kunye nabathengi base-US Nanoko kukho ukudideka yintoni i-DTV ne-HDTV ekubhekiselele kuyo.
Ukusasazwa kwe-HDTV yedijithali, kodwa akusikho konke ukuhanjiswa kweTV ye-HDTV. Ngamanye amazwi, enye ibhawthi eyabelwe ukuhanjiswa kwe-TV yedijithali ingasetyenziselwa ukunikezela isignali yevidiyo (okanye ininzi) kunye nezinye iinkonzo, okanye ingasetyenziselwa ukudlulisela uphawu olulodwa lwe-HDTV.
Nangona kukho iifom zesisombululo ezi-18 ezifumanekayo kwi-TV yedijithali yokusasazwa, evunyiweyo yiKomiti yeMigangatho ye-Television ye - Advanced Standards (ATSC) , kwaye zonke ii-tuner ze-Digital TV zifuneka ukuba zihlaziye zonke iifom ze-18, ukusetyenziswa kwe-DTV ukusasaza kuye kwe-3 ifom: 480p, 720p, kunye ne-1080i.
480p
Ukuba unayo i- DVD eqhubekayo yokudlala i-DVD kunye ne-TV , uyazazi ii-480p (ii-480 imigca yesisombululo, ishintshulwa ngokuqhubekayo). I-480p ifana nesisombululo esifanayo se-analog Broadcast TV kodwa idluliselwa ngamanani (DTV). Kuthunyelwa kuthiwa yi-SDTV (Standard Definition Television), kodwa umfanekiso uhlaziywa ngokuthe ngcembe, kunokuba kusetyenziswe ezinye iinkalo ezifana nokuhanjiswa kwe-TV ye-analog.
I-480p inika umfanekiso omhle (ngokukodwa kwiincinane ze-19-29 "izikrini). ilahlekile kwiisethi ezinkulu zeesikrini (umzekelo, iiTV kunye nobukhulu bezkrini.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-480p inxalenye yesikimu sokusasazwa se-DTV, ayikho i-HDTV. Lo mgangatho uqukwe njengenye yemigangatho yokusasazwa kwe- DTV ukubonelela ngabasasazo ithuba lokubonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zeprogram kwi-bandwidth efanayo njengesigxina esisodwa se-HDTV. Ngamanye amazwi, i-480p yinto enye enokuyibona kwisibonakaliso se-analog TV, ngokunyuka kancinci kumgangatho womfanekiso.
720p
I-720p (imizila engama-720 yesisombululo esicatshulwa ngokuqhubekayo) nayo ifomati ye-digital yedijithali, kodwa ikwaqwalaselwa njengenye yefomathi zokusasazwa kwe-HDTV.
Ngaloo ndlela, i-ABC ne-FOX zisebenzisa i-720p njengezinga eliphezulu lokusasazwa kwe-HDTV. Akukho kuphela i-720p enikezela umfanekiso ogqithiseleyo, ofana nefilimu ngenxa yokuphunyezwa kwayo kwenkqubela phambili, kodwa imifanekiso yenkcazelo ubuncinane engama-30% ebanzi ngaphezu kwe-480p. Ngenxa yoko, i-720p inikeza ukuphucula umfanekiso owamkelekileyo obonakalayo kumabini aphakathi (32 "- 39") ngobukhulu kunye neeskrini ezinkulu. Kwakhona, nangona i-720p ithathwa njengengcaciso ephezulu, ithatha umgama ongaphantsi kwee-1080i , ogqitywa ngokulandelayo.
1080i
I-1080i (imigca eyi-1,080 yesisombululo esicatshulwa kwezinye iindawo ezinemizila engama-540 nganye) ifom yeHDTV esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-TV. Le fom iye yamkelwa yi-PBS, i-NBC, i-CBS, kunye ne-CW (kunye nabaprogram be-satellite HDNet, iTT, i-Showtime, i-HBO kunye nezinye iinkonzo zokuhlawula) njenge-standard TV yabo yokusasazwa. Nangona kusekho ingxoxo ngokubhekiselele ukuba ingcono kakhulu kune-720p kwimbonakalo yangempela yombonisi, ngokobugcisa, i-1080i inikeza umfanekiso ocacileyo kuwo onke ama-18 avumelekileyo okupapashwa kwe-DTV. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, impembelelo ebonakalayo ye-1080i ilahlekile kwiiseti ezincinci zesikrini (ngaphantsi kwe-32 ").
Nangona kunjalo, izithintelo ezili-1080i zi:
- I-1080i ithatha i-bandwidth enkulu yazo zonke iifom ze-DTV zokusasaza.
- I-1080i isignal interlaced, oko kuthetha ukuba umfanekiso oveziweyo wenziwe ngemigca okanye imigqa yepikseli efundwayo / iboniswe ngenye indlela endaweni yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza njengoko ku-480p no-720p.
- I-1080i ayikwazi ukubonakaliswa kwifomu layo lomthonyama kwiLCD, OLED, Plasma, okanye i-DLP TV . Ukuze ubonise imifanekiso edluliselwe kwi-1080i, ezo ntlobo zetekethi kufuneka ziguqule isibonakaliso esingu-1080i ukuya ku- 720p okanye kwi- 1080p ukuze ubonise umfanekiso kwiskrini seTV.
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba unayo i-LCD 1080p okanye i-OLED TV, (okanye unayo iPlasma okanye i-DLP TV) iya kucwangcisa isalathisi esingu-1080i ize uyibonise njengomfanekiso we-1080p . Le nqubo, ukuba yenziwe kakuhle, isusa nayiphi na imigca yokubonakala yokubonakala ekhoyo kumfanekiso we-1080i ophakathi, obangela ukuba kubekho emacaleni omhle. Ngomqondiso ofanayo, ukuba unayo i-720p HDTV, i-TV yakho iya kutshintsha kwaye ihlahlele umfanekiso we-1080i ukuya ku-720p ukuze uboniswe kwisikrini.
Kuthi malunga ne-1080p?
Nangona i- 1080p isetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwe-Blu-ray, iKhakhane, kunye ne-intanethi, ayisetyenziswanga ngokusasazwa kwe-TV. Isizathu salokhu kukuba xa imilinganiselo yokupapashwa kwe-TV yeDVD ivunyelwe, i-1080p yayingeyona inxalenye ye-equation. Ngenxa yoko abahanjisi beTV abakwazi ukuhambisa nge-air-air signals kwisisombululo se-1080p.
Okuza Kuza - 4K no-8K
Nangona i-DTV yokusasazwa ngumgangatho okwangoku, ungaphumuli nje ngoku, njengoko ujikelezo olulandelayo lweemilinganiselo kulindeleke ukuba lubandakanye isisombululo esingu-4K , kwaye, ngaphaya komgwaqo, 8K .
Ekuqaleni, kwakucatshangwa ukuba kusasazwa i-4K ne-8K isisombululo phezu kwe-air ayiyi kwenzeka ngenxa yeemfuno ezinkulu zokuhamba. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukuvavanya okuqhubekayo okubangela ukukwazi ukufanisana nayo yonke inkcazelo eyongeziweyo kwiziseko ezisisiseko zokusasaza ngokwasemzimbeni usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusandululweyo obunokuqulunqwa kwevidiyo obugcina umphumo wekhwalithi olufunekayo kumboniso weTV. Ngenxa yoko, kukho umzamo omkhulu wokuphumeza isisombululo se-4K kwi-TV yokusasazwa ngokuphunyezwa kwe- ATSC 3.0 .
Njengoko izitulo ze-TV zenza izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nokuphuculwa kwee-TV, kwaye abenzi beTV baqala ukufaka ii-ATSC kwiiTV kunye neefowuni ze-set-top box, abathengi baya kukwazi ukufikelela kwi-TV ye-4K, kodwa, ngokungafani nomsebenzi onzima owawufunekayo ukuba utshintshe ukususela kwi-analog ukuya kwi-digital / HDTV ukusasazwa, utshintsho kwi-4K luya kuphuza kwaye okwangoku luzithandela.
Ukuphunyezwa kwe-TV ye-4K ngokuqinisekileyo kuphelelwa emva kwezinye iindlela zokufumana umxholo we-4K, njengeenkonzo ze-intanethi, kuquka iNetflix kunye ne- Vudu , kunye nefomathi ye-Ultra HD Blu-ray . Kwakhona, i- DirecTV inikezela ngezibonelelo ze-satellite ezine-4K .
Okwangoku, nangona inzame enkulu kukuzisa ii-4K kwi-TV, ukusasaza ngeJapan ye-8K Super Hi-Vision ye-Broadcasting format equka kwi-audio channel ye-22.2. I-Super Hi-Vision iye yavavanywa kakuhle kwiminyaka elishumi kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikulungele ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngowe-2020, ukulungiswa kweemigangatho yokugqibela.
Nangona kunjalo, xa ukusasazwa kwe-TV ye-8K kuya kufumaneka ngokubanzi kubungqina bomntu, njengokuba ngo-2020, ukusasazwa kwe-TV ye-4K akusayi kuze kuphunyezwe ngokupheleleyo - ukwenzela ukuba enye inqumle kwi-8K mhlawumbi ibe enye iminyaka elishumi, ngakumbi xa sicinga ukuba abenzi beTV Senze ii-TV eziyi-8K okanye umxholo okhoyo kubaxhasi-kwaye nangama-2020, ii-TV ezinjalo ziya kuba zincinci kwinani. Kakade ke, kukho imfuno ye-8K yokubukela - abapapashi beTV baya kufuna ukwenza esinye isixhobo sokutshala imali.