IiNcwadi zeMpahla, iiSahlulo, kunye neNkqubo zeFayile Zonke ziya kudlala
Inkcazo:
Umthamo uyisitoreji sokugcina esifomathiweyo kunye nenkqubo yefayile ikhompyutha yakho (kulo mzekelo, i-Mac) ingawaqonda. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zemiqulu ziquka iiCD, iiDVD, ii-SSD, ii-drives ezikhuni, kunye neesahlulo okanye iinqununu ze-SSD okanye ii-drives ezinzima.
Umqulu vs. iSahlulo
Ngamanye amaxesha umthamo ubizwa ngokuba nguhlulo , kodwa ngengqiqo engqongqo, ayilunganga. Nasi isizathu: I-drive ekhuni ingahlulwa ibe yinye okanye izahlulo ezininzi; ngasinye isahlulo sithatha indawo kwi-drive ekhuni. Ngokomzekelo, cinga i-hard drive ye-1 ye-TB eyahlula yaba ngamaqela angama-250 GB . Izahlulo zokuqala ezimbini zafomathiweyo ngeenkqubo zefayile ze-Mac; isahlulo sesithathu safomatha ngefayile yefayile yeWindows; kwaye ukwahlula kokugqibela akukaze kufakwe ifomathi, okanye ifomathiwe ngefayile ye-Mac ayifumangayo. I-Mac iya kubona ii-Mac partitions kunye ne-Windows partition (kuba iMac inokufunda iifayile zefayile zeWindows), kodwa ayiyi kubona isahlulo sesine. Kusesekwahlulo, kodwa akuyiyo ivolumu, kuba iMac ayikwazi ukuqaphela nayiphi na ifayile yefayile kuyo.
Emva kokuba iMac yakho ivume ivolumu, iya kuphakamisa ivolumu kwideskithophu , ukuze ufikelele nayiphi na idatha equlethe.
Imiqulu Yengqiqo
Kuze kube ngoku, sijonge iindleko kunye neesahlulo, apho umthamo wenziwe ngeqhekeza elilodwa kwisithuthi esisodwa esisetyenziswe ngefayile yefayile; oku kukufom yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, akuyena kuphela uhlobo lwevolumu. Uhlobo oluninzi olungabonakaliyo, olubizwa ngokuba ngumqulu onengqiqo, alukhawulelwanga kwikhompyutha enye; inokwenziwa ngamacandelo amaninzi kunye neemoto ezifunekayo njengoko kufuneka.
Imiqulu engqinelanayo yindlela yokwabiwa nokulawula indawo kwindawo enye okanye ezininzi zokugcina izixhobo. Unokuyicinga njengoluhlu lwezinto ezingabonakaliyo ezahlula i-OS kwizixhobo ezibonakalayo ezenza umgca wokugcina. Umzekelo osisiseko wale RAID 1 (mirroring) , apho imiqulu emininzi ihanjiswa kwi-OS njengomqulu owodwa onengqiqo. Iifayile ze-RAID zingenziwa ngumlawuli we-hardware okanye ngesofthiwe, kodwa kwiimeko zombini, i-OS ayiqapheli ukuba yintoni eyenza umthamo wemvelo. Ingaba ngumqhubi omnye, iibhola ezimbini, okanye ezininzi zokuqhuba. Inani leenjini ezenza u-RAID 1 uluhlu lunokutshintshwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye i-OS ayifumananga ngalezi zinguqulelo. Zonke i-OS ezize zibonayo ngumqulu owodwa onengqiqo.
Izibonelelo zininzi. Isiseko esisixhobo esisodwa esizimeleyo kuboniswe yi-OS, asikwazi kuphela ukulawulwa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwe-OS, esinokuvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe iinkqubo ezilula okanye ezinzima kakhulu zokugcina idatha.
Ukongeza kwi-RAID 1, ezinye iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ze-RAID zisebenzisa imiqulu eminingi eboniswa kwi-OS njengomqulu owodwa onengqiqo. Kodwa i-RAID i-arrays ayiyona yodwa inkqubo yokugcina eyenza usebenzise umqulu onengqiqo.
I-Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
Imiqulu engqiqweni inomdla kakhulu; bakuvumela ukuba udale ivolumu engenziwa ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo afakwe kumadivayisi amaninzi okugcina. Ngelixa ucinga ngokulula ukuqonda, ukulawula indawo enjalo yokugcina ingaba nzima; yilapho ingena khona iLVM (i-Logical Volume Manager).
I-LVM iyayinakekela ukulawula uluhlu lwesitoreji, kubandakanywa ukwabiwa kweesahlulo, ukudala imiqulu, nokulawula indlela umqulu usebenzisana ngayo; Ngokomzekelo, ukuba baya kusebenzisana ukuxhasa ukucoca, ukubukra, ukutshintsha, ukuguqula, okanye iinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana nokufakela idatha okanye ukugcinwa komgca.
Ekubeni i-OS X Lion yaziswa, iMac iye yafumana inkqubo yeLVM eyaziwa ngokuba yindawo yokugcina eyona nto. Inkqubo yokugcina eyona ndlela isetyenziswe kuqala ukubonelela inkqubo yokubethela i-disk epheleleyo esebenzisa iProsoft File Vault 2 system . Emva koko, xa i-OS X Mountain Lion ikhutshwe, inkqubo yokugcina eyona nto yafumana amandla okulawula inkqubo yokugcinwa kwempahla ebizwa ngokuba yi-Apple eyayibizwa ngokuba yiFusion drive .
Ngokudlula ixesha, ndilindele ukuba i-Apple idibanise amandla amaninzi kwindlela yokugcina engundoqo, ß ngaphaya kwekhono layo langoku lokuhlaziya ngokucacileyo izahlulo , ukubethela idatha, okanye ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokugcina iFusion.
Ikhonkco
Ngokudibanisa kwama-APFS (iFayile yeFayile yeFayile) eyongeziweyo ngokukhutshwa kwe-MacOS High Sierra, izitya zithatha isikhala esitsha esikhethekileyo kwinkqubo yefayile.
I-APF zizonke malunga nezitya, ukwakheka okunokwakheka kwesithuba esinokuqulatha enye okanye imiqulu eminingi. Kukho izitya ezininzi eziza kusebenzisa inkqubo yefayile ye-APFS. Umqulu ngamnye kwisipopu se-APFS kufuneka usebenzise iifayile zeefayile ze-APFS.
Xa yonke imiqulu engaphakathi kwekhonkwane isebenzisa inkqubo yefayile ye-APFS, ingaba nesabelo esikhona kwisitya. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukhulise umthamo ofuna indawo eyongeziweyo yokugcina ngokusebenzisa nayiphi na indawo ekhululekile evela ngaphakathi kwisitya. Ngokungafani nezihlulo, ezinokuthatha indawo ukusuka kwimiqulu engqameneyo kwisahluko sinokusebenzisa isikhala naphi na ngaphakathi kwisitya, akufuneki ukuba sisondele kumqulu.