Kwiintsuku zokuqala zeVoIP, kwakungekho nkxalabo enkulu malunga nemiba yokhuseleko ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Abantu baxhalabele kakhulu ngeendleko, ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka. Ngoku ukuba iVoIP ifumana ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwaye ibe yinto ebonakalayo yezobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana, ukhuseleko luye luba ngumcimbi omkhulu.
Izinyathelo zokukhusela zibangela inkxalabo ngakumbi xa sicinga ukuba iVoIP ingena endaweni yenkqubo yokunxibelelanisa endala kwaye ikhuselekile kakhulu kwihlabathi eliye laziwa - i-POTS (i-Plain Old Phone System). Makhe sijonge kwizinto ezisongela abasebenzisi beVoIP .
Ubume kunye nobusela beenkonzo
Ulwaphulo lweenkonzo lunokubonakaliswa ngokuphanga, oluhlobo lokukhwabanisa oluba inkonzo evela kumnikezeli wesevisi, okanye isebenzise inkonzo ngelixa lidlula indleko komnye umntu. Ukubhaliweyo akuqhelekanga kwi-SIP, elawula ukuqinisekiswa kweefowuni zeVoIP , ngoko ke iziqinisekiso zobasebenzisi zihlaselwa kukuba.
I-Eavesdropping yindlela abagculeli abaninzi ababa ngayo iinkcukacha kunye nolunye ulwazi. Ngokusebenzisa i-epsdropping, umntu wesithathu unokufumana amagama, iphasiwedi kunye neenombolo zefowuni, ezivumela ukuba bafumane ukulawula kwi-voicemail, icebo lokubiza, ukuhanjiswa kweefowuni kunye nolwazi lokuhlawula. Oku kwikhokelela ekusebenzeni ukweba.
Ukweba izibhengezo zokwenza iifowuni ngaphandle kokuhlawula akusiyo kuphela isizathu sokubamba ubunikazi. Abantu abaninzi benza oko ukuze bafumane ulwazi olubalulekileyo njengedatha yezoshishino.
I-phreaker ingatshintsha iiplani zokufowunwa kunye neepakethi kwaye wongeza i-credit okanye wenze iifowuni usebenzisa i-akhawunti yexhoba. Unako ngokuqinisekileyo ukufikelela kwizinto eziyimfihlakalo njengeposi yeposi, yenza izinto zobuqu ezifana nokutshintsha inombolo yokuthumela umnxeba .
Ukufuna
Ukukhangela elinye igama leVoIP Phishing , elibandakanya iqela elikubiza ukuba wenze inhlangano ethembekileyo (umz. Ibhanki yakho) kwaye ucele ulwazi oluyimfihlo kwaye luhlala lukhuni. Nantsi indlela ongayiphephela ngayo ukuba yixhoba elikhangela.
Iintsholongwane kunye ne-malware
Ukusetyenziswa kweVoIP okubandakanya i- softphones kunye ne-software zitshatyalaliswa kwiimbungu, ii-virus kunye ne-malware, njengazo zonke i-intanethi. Ekubeni ezi zicelo ze-softphone ziqhutywa kwiinkqubo zomsebenzisi ezifana nee-PC kunye nee-PDA, zichazwe kwaye zisengozini ekuhlaselweni kwekhowudi enobungozi kwizicelo zezwi.
I-DoS (Ukulahlwa kweNkonzo)
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS kukuhlaselwa kwintanethi okanye isixhobo esichasa inkonzo okanye ukuxhuma. Inokwenziwa ngokudlula umda wayo wendlela okanye ukulayisha ngokukhulula umnatha okanye izixhobo zangaphakathi zedivayisi.
Kwi-VoIP, ukuhlaselwa kwe-DoS kungenziwa ngokukhusela isikhalazo kunye nemilayezo engayimfuneko ye-SIP yokunxibelelana kweefowuni, ngaloo ndlela ihlaziye inkonzo. Oku kubangela ukuba iifowuni zihlawule ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye zimise ukusetyenziswa kweefowuni.
Kutheni umntu angaqalisa ukuhlaselwa kweDoS? Xa ijoliswe ekujoliswe kwinkonzo kwaye iphelile ukusebenza, umhlaseli angafumana ulawulo olukude lwamaziko olawulo lwenkqubo.
SPIT (Spamming kwi-Internet Telephony)
Ukuba usebenzisa i-imeyli rhoqo, ngoko kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi i-spamming. Ngokucacileyo, ugaxekile empeleni uthumele ii-imeyli kubantu malunga nokuthanda kwabo. Ezi i-imeyile zibandakanya ngokutsha kweefowuni zokuthengisa. I-Spamming kwiVoIP ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kodwa, kodwa iyaqala ukuba, ngokukodwa ngokuvela kweVoIP njengesisityebi soshishino.
I-akhawunti nganye ye-VoIP inedilesi ye-IP ehambelana nayo . Kulula kuba spammers ukuthumela imilayezo yabo (iimeyilimeyili) kumawaka ee-adresi ze-IP. I-voicemailing ngenxa yoko iza kubandezeleka. Nge-spamming, ii-imeyli ziza kugqitywa kunye neendawo ezininzi kunye nezixhobo zokulawula i-voicemail ziza kufuneka. Ngaphezu koko, imiyalezo yogaxekile ingathatha ii-virus kunye ne-spyware kunye nabo.
Oku kusilethela kwenye inambitheka ye-SPIT, eyinto yokwenza ubuqhetseba kwi-VoIP. Ukuhlaselwa kobuqhetseba kubandakanya ukuthumela i-voicemail kumntu, ukuluqhayisa ngolwazi oluvela kwiqela elithembekileyo kummkeli, njengebhanki okanye inkonzo yokuhlawula i-inthanethi, okwenza ukuba acinge ukuba ukhuselekile. I-voicemail idla ngokucela idatha eyimfihlo njengamaphasiwedi okanye amanani ekhadi lesikweletu. Unokucinga okunye!
Ukufowunela
Ukufowunelwa kweefowuni kukuhlaselwa okubandakanya ukunciphisa umnxeba umnxeba oqhubekayo. Ngokomzekelo, umhlaseli unokuphazamisa umgangatho wefowuni ngokufaka iipakethi zomsindo kwindawo yokuxhumana. Unokubamba kwakhona ukuhanjiswa kweepakethi ukwenzela ukuba unxibelelwano lube lubala kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba badibana nexesha elide lokuthula ngexesha lofowuni.
Ukuhlaselwa kwabantu phakathi
I-VoIP iyingozi kakhulu ekuhlaselweni kwamadoda phakathi, apho umhlaseli aphulaphula umnxeba-myalezo we-SIP kwaye uyigqithisa njengeqela lokubiza kwiqela elibiziweyo, okanye ngokuphambeneyo. Xa umhlaseli sele efumene le ndawo, unokugubha iifowuni nge-server ye-redirection.