Ukuqonda ukuhlukana phakathi kweSakhelo esigcwele kunye neenzwa zentlobo
Enye yezinto ezidibanisa kakhulu xa ukuphucula kwi-DSLR kuqonda umahluko phakathi kwesakhelo esipheleleyo kunye neekhamera zeefom. Xa usebenzisa ikhamera yekhampani, le nto ayiyi kuba yinto ekufuneka uyenze ngayo, njengoko iilensi ezakhiweyo zenzelwe ukwenza ukungafani kungaqondakali. Kodwa xa uqala ukubheka ukuthenga i-DSLR, ukuqonda isiqulatho esipheleleyo ngokuthelekiswa kwenzwa yesityalo kuya kunceda kakhulu.
Isikhokelo esipheleleyo
Emuva kwimihla yokufotela ifilimu, kwakukho ubungakanani besayizi kuphela kwisithombe se-35mm: 24mm x 36mm. Ngoko xa abantu bebhekisela kwi "ikhamera epheleleyo" kwiinkhamera zedijithali, baxubusha ubungakanani besinzwa se-24x36.
Ngelishwa, iikhamera ezipheleleyo ziyakuthi zifike ngeteksi ephezulu. Isakhelo esisisiseko esingaphantsi kweCanon ikhamera, umzekelo, ngamawaka ambalwa eedola. Uninzi lweekhamera ezipheleleyo zetekisi zisetyenziswe ngabafotoli bezakhono, abafuna iimpawu ezingaphezulu. Ezinye iindlela zithi "i-frame cropped" ikhamera, okanye "i-sensor sensor" ikhamera. Ezi zithengiso zenani elincinci, ezenza zikhangeleke ngakumbi kwabo baqala nge-DSLRs.
Ikhefu e
Ifreyimu ehlanjisiweyo okanye inzwa ifana nokuthatha phakathi komfanekiso nokulahla imida yangaphandle. Ngoko ngokubalulekileyo, ushiywe ngomfanekiso omncinane kunokuba uqhelekileyo-ifom efana nefomati yefayile ye-APS efutshane. Enyanisweni, i- Canon , i- Pentax kunye no- Sony ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kwiinkolelo zabo ezinjenge-APS-C "ikhamera. Nangona nje ukudibanisa izinto, uNicon wenza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Iikhamera ezipheleleyo ze-Nikon zihamba phantsi kwe-moniker ye "FX," ngelixa iikhamera zayo ezixubileyo zibizwa ngokuba yi "DX." Ekugqibeleni, i- Olympus nePanasonic / Leica basebenzisa uhlobo oluthile oluhlukileyo olubizwa ngokuba yiNkqubo yesithathu yeThathu.
Isivuno senzwa siyahlukahluka phakathi kwabakhiqizi kunye. Isivuno esikhulu sabakhiqizi sincinci kunesisenisi esipheleleyo sesiqulatho nge-1.6 isilinganiso. Nangona kunjalo, isilinganiso sikaNikon singama-1.5 kunye ne-Olympus '2.
IiLense
Nanku lapho ukungafani phakathi kwesakhelo esipheleleyo kunye nesigqabha siphumelela. Xa kuthengwa ikhamera ye-DSLR ifika ithuba lokuthenga lonke i-lens (inikwe ibhajethi yakho). Ukuba uvela kwimvelaphi yekhamera yefilimu, usenokuba sele unama-lens atshintshanayo . Kodwa, xa usebenzisa ikhamera yesikhombisi, ufanele ukhumbule ukuba ubude obude beli lensi buya kutshintshwa. Ngokomzekelo, kunye neeKhamera zeChanon, kuya kufuneka uzandise ubude obuphambili ngo-1.6, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla. Ngoko, i-lens standard ye-50mm iya kuba yi-80mm. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu xa kuziwa kwi-lensphoto lens, njengoko uza kuzuza iimitha zemitha, kodwa uhlangothi lwe-flip lukuthi i-lens wide-angle iya kuba lens standard.
Abavelisi baye bafumana izisombululo kule ngxaki. I-Canon kunye no-Nikon, bobabini bevelisa iikhamera ezipheleleyo, impendulo ibe yinto yokuvelisa uluhlu lwama-lens olwenziwe ngokukodwa kwiikhamera zedijithali-udidi lwe-EF-S lwe-Canon kunye ne-DX kwi-Nikon. Ezi iilensi zibandakanya i-lens e-wide angle-lens, xa iphakanyisiwe, isavumelekile ukujonga indawo ebonakalayo. Ngokomzekelo, bobabini abenzi bevelisi bavelisa i-lens zoom eqala ngo-10mm, ngaloo ndlela unikezela ubude obuphambili obuyi-16mm, okona lane-lens-angle angle. Kwaye ezi zenzile zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka nokugqithisa kwiimida zomfanekiso. Kwakhona ibali elifanayo nalabo bavelisi abavelisa iikhamera zecala kuphela, njengoko iilensi zabo ziye zenzelwe ukuhamba kunye nale nkqubo yeekhamera.
Ngaba Kukho Ukholo Phakathi Kweentlobo zamaLensi?
Kukho umahluko phakathi kweelensi, ngakumbi xa uthengela kwiinkqubo zeCanon okanye zeNicon. Kwaye aba benzi babini banikela uluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lweekhamera kunye neelilensi, ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba uzotyala imali kwenye yazo. Ngelixa iilensi zedijithali zikhuphisana kakhulu, umgangatho we-optics awukho kakuhle nje ngeyona i-original lens. Ukuba ukhangele ukuba usebenzisa ikhamera yakho yokufota, kufuneka mhlawumbi ungaqapheli umehluko. Kodwa, ukuba ukhangele ukuba ufumane ingqalelo malunga nokufotela kwakho, ke kufuneka utyalo-mali kwi-lens yokuqala.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba ii-lens ze-EF-S ze-Canon aziyi kusebenza kuzo zonke kwiikhamera ezipheleleyo zekhampani. I-Nikon DX ilensi iya kusebenza kwiikhamera zayo ezipheleleyo, kodwa kuya kubakho ukulahleka kwesisombululo ngokwenza njalo.
Yiyiphi iFomathi efanelekileyo kuwe?
Iifom zekhamera ezipheleleyo zikunika ithuba lokusebenzisa iilensi kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo, kwaye zikhanyisa ngokukwazi ukuhlangabezana nokudubula kuma-ISO aphezulu. Ukuba ukudubula okuninzi kwendalo kunye nokukhanya okuphantsi, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufumana oku luncedo. Abo baphosa amabala kunye neefoto zobungcali bazakufuna ukujonga okukhethiweyo okukhethiweyo njengoko umgangatho womfanekiso kunye nekhwalithi ye-lens wide-angle kusekho phambili.
Kwizilwanyana, izilwanyana zasendle kunye nabadlali bezemidlalo, inzwa yecala iya kuba yinto engqiqweni. Unokusebenzisa ngokuninzi ukuphakama okujoliswe kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo kwaye ezi ikhamera zihlala zihamba ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye, ngelixa ufanele ubale ubude obude, uza kugcina ukuqala kokuqala kwelensi. Ngoko ke, ukuba unomlenze ochanekileyo wama-50mm owu-f2.8, ngoko uya kugcina le ndawo ngaphandle kokukhulisa ukuya kuma-80mm.
Zombini ifomathi zifanelekile. Iikhamera ezipheleleyo zikhulu, zinzima, kwaye zibiza kakhulu. Banobuninzi beenzuzo kubaqeqeshi, kodwa abaninzi abantu abayi kuyayifuna le nto. Musa ukukhohliswa ngumthengisi onokuxelela ukuba ufuna ikhamera ebiza kakhulu. Ngethuba nje uthabatha ezi ngcebiso ezimbalwa ezicatshulwa engqondweni, kufuneka ube nolwazi olufanelekileyo ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.