Umyalelo we-ls yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezibalulekileyo zixhobo ekufuneka ufunde ukuze ufunde indlela yefayili. Nantsi uluhlu olupheleleyo lomyalelo obalulekileyo wokuhambisa indlela yakho yefayile usebenzisa umgca womyalelo.
Umyalelo we-ls usetyenziswa ukuluhlu lwamagama eefayile kunye neefolda ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yefayili. Esi sikhokelo siya kukubonisa zonke iitshintshi ezifumanekayo kumyalelo we-ls kunye nencazelo yazo nendlela yokuyisebenzisa.
Bhala uluhlu lweefayile kwifolda
Ukuluhlu zonke iifayile kwifolda evula iwindow yefayili uze uhambe kwiifolda ofuna ukuyifumana ekusebenziseni umyalelo weCd uze uthayiphe umyalelo olandelayo:
ls
Akunakwenzeka ukuba uhambe kwiifolda ukuze uluhlu lweefayile ngaphakathi kuyo. Unokwazi ukucacisa indlela njengenxalenye yomyalelo we-ls njengoko kuboniswe ngezantsi.
ls / indlela / ukuya kwifayile /
Ngokungagqibekanga, iifayile kunye neefolda ziza kubalwa kwiikholamu ngaphesheya kwesikrini kunye nonke oza kubona igama lefayile.
Iifayile ezifihliweyo (iifayile eziqala ngokuyeka ngokupheleleyo) azibonakali ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa umyalelo we-ls. Kufuneka usebenzise umyalelo olandelayo endaweni yoko.
ls -a
ls - yonke
Oku kunciphisa (-a) utshintshi olusetyenziswa ngasentla lumelela uluhlu lonke. Oku kuluhlu ngokupheleleyo iifayile kunye nefolda ngaphakathi kwirejista apho umyalelo uqhutywa okanye ngokwenene umelene nomendo owanikezelwa kuwo.
I-upshot yile yinto yokuba ubona ifayile ebizwa ngokuba. kunye nomnye obizwa ngokuba
. Ikhefu elilodwa elizeleyo limela ifolda yangoku kwaye ikhefu elipheleleyo eliphindwe kabini limela elinye izinga.
Ukuba ufuna ukushiya ezi ziluhlu lweefayile ungasebenzisa i-capital A endaweni ye-lowercase ilandelayo:
ls -A
ls - kakhulu-konke
Imithetho ethile efana nomyalelo we-mv kunye nomyalelo we- cp zisetyenziselwa ukuhamba nokukopisha iifayile ezijikelezayo kwaye kukho ukutshintsha okungasetyenziswa kunye nale miyalelo eyenza ukugcinwa kwefayile yepayilile.
Ezi fayile ezikhuselekileyo ziphela ngokuphela kwe-tilde (~).
Ukuyeka iifayile zokulondoloza (iifayile eziphela nge-tilde) zilawula umyalelo olandelayo:
ls -B
ls -ignore-backups
Kwiimeko ezininzi, uluhlu olubuyiselweyo luya kubonisa iifolda ngombala omnye kunye neefayile njengenye. Umzekelo kwi-terminal yethu, iifolda ziluhlaza kwaye iifayile zimhlophe.
Ukuba awufuni ukubonisa imibala eyahlukeneyo unokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
ls --color = ayikho
Ukuba ufuna umkhiqizo ogcweleyo ungasebenzisa lo tshintsho olulandelayo:
ls -l
Oku kunika uluhlu olubonisa iimvume, inani leenodeli, umnini kunye neqela, ubukhulu befayile, umhla ofikeleleko wokugqibela kunye nexesha kunye negama lefayile.
Ukuba awufuni ukubona umnini usebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo endaweni yoko.
ls -g
Unokushiya iinkcukacha zeqela ngokucacisa ukutshintsha okulandelayo:
ls -o
Uhlobo olude lwefomathi lungasetyenziselwa nezinye izitshixo ukubonisa ulwazi olungakumbi. Umzekelo, unokufumana umlobi wefayili ngokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo.
ls -l -
Unokutshintsha umkhiqizo woluhlu olude ukubonisa ubungakanani befayile ezifundwayo ngendlela elandelayo:
ls -l-h
ls -l - efundwa ngabantu
ls -l -s
Esikhundleni sokubonisa amagama omsebenzisi kunye neqela kumyalelo woluhlu ungafumana umyalelo we-ls ukubonisa i-id yomsebenzisi yomzimba kunye neenkcukacha zeqela njengolu hlobo:
ls -l -n
Umyalelo we-ls ungasetyenziselwa ukubonisa zonke iifayile kunye neefolda ukusuka kwindlela echaziweyo.
Umzekelo:
ls -R / ikhaya
Umyalelo ongasentla uza kubonisa zonke iifayile kunye neefolda ngaphantsi kwerekhodi yasekhaya njengeZithombe, uMculo, iiVideos, iiDownload, kunye neeMibhalo.
Shintsha iFomati yoPhuculo
Ngokungagqibekanga, umphumo wokufakwa kweefayile kwi-kwikhompyutyana.
Kodwa unako ukuchaza ifomathi njengoko kuboniswe ngezantsi.
ls -X
ls --format = ngaphaya
Bonisa uluhlu kwiikholamu ngaphesheya kwesikrini.
ls -m
ls --format = iinkonzo
Bonisa uluhlu kwifom ehlukeneyo yohlobo lwe-comma.
ls -x
ls --format = i-horizontal
Bonisa uluhlu kwifom ejikelezayo
ls -l
ls --format = eside
Njengoko kuchazwe kwicandelo elidlulileyo oku kubonisa uluhlu kwifomati ende.
ls -1
ls --format = enye ikholomu
ls --format = verbose
Ubonisa zonke iifayile kunye neefolda, 1 kumqolo ngamnye.
ls -c
ls --format = vertical
Ubonisa uluhlu ngokuzenzekelayo.
Indlela yokuhlunga umphumo ukusuka kwi-ls Command
Ukuhlunga umkhiqizo ukusuka kumyalelo we-ls unokusebenzisa -sort switch njengendlela elandelayo:
ls --sort = akukho
ls -sort = ubungakanani
ls --sort = ixesha
ls --sort = inguqulelo
Okungagqibekanga kusetyenziswe kwinto ebonisa ukuba iifayile zihlelwa ngamagama. Xa uhlela ngobukhulu befayili ngobukhulu obukhulu buboniswa kuqala kwaye encinci ibonakaliswe okokugqibela.
Ukuhlelwa ngexesha kubonisa ifayile efikelele ekugqibeleni yokuqala kunye nefayile encinane ifumaneka.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, zonke iintlobo ezingentla zingenziwa ngeemithetho elandelayo esikhundleni:
ls -U
ls -S
ls -t
ls -v
Ukuba ufuna ukuba iziphumo kwi-order order order usebenzise umyalelo olandelayo.
ls -r --sort = ubungakanani
ls - reverse --ort = size
Isishwankathelo
Kukho ezinye iitshintshi ezikhoyo ukukwenza ngokufometha kwexesha. Ungafunda malunga nazo zonke ezinye izitshixo ngokufunda iLs Manual Manual Page.
indoda ls