Indlela yokusebenzisa iLuxux Ukukhuphela iiFayile kunye neefolda

Intshayelelo

Esi sikhokelo siza kukubonisa indlela yokukopisha ifayile kunye neefolda ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwelinye usebenzisa abaphathi beefayile ezidumileyo kunye nokusebenzisa umyalelo we-Linux.

Uninzi lwabantu luya kusetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibonakalayo ukukopisha ifayile kwiidiski zabo. Ukuba usetyenziswe ukusebenzisa iWindows uze uyazi isixhobo esibizwa ngeWindows Explorer esenza kube lula kakhulu.

I-Windows Explorer isixhobo esaziwa njengomphathi wefayili kunye neLuxux ineqela labaphathi beefayile ezahlukeneyo. Lowo ovela kwinkqubo yakho incike kakhulu kwiinguqu ye Linux oyisebenzisayo kunye nakwinqanaba elithile kwimo yendalo ye desktop .

Abaphathi befayile abaqhelekileyo bayalandelayo:

• Nautilus (aka fayile)
• IDolphin
• Thunar
• PCManFM
• Caja

Ukuba usebenzisa i- Ubuntu , i- Linux Mint , i- Zorin , i- Fedora okanye ivuliweSUSE ngoko mhlawumbi umphathi wakho wefayile ubizwa ngokuba nguNautilus.

Nabani oqhuba ukusabalalisa ngeendawo ze desktop ze KDE uzakufumana ukuba iDolphin ngumphathi wefayile epheleleyo. Izabelo ezisetyenziswayo yi KDE ziquka i-Linux Mint KDE, Kubuntu, Korora, ne-KaOS.

Umphathi wefayile yeThunar inxalenye ye-desktop ye-XFCE kwimo ye desktop, i-PCManFM inxalenye yendalo yendawo yedesktop kunye neCaja inxalenye yendalo ye-desktop yeMATE.

Indlela yokusebenzisa iNautilus Ukukhuphela iiFayile kunye neefolda

I-Nautilus iya kufumaneka kwimenyu ngaphakathi kweLinux Mint neZorin okanye iya kubonakala kwiLunner Launcher ngaphakathi kwi-Ubuntu okanye ngokujonga kwidashboard kuyo nayiphina isasaziso usebenzisa i-GNOME efana ne-Fedora okanye ivulekile.

Ukukopa ifayile uhamba ngefayile yefayile ngokuchofoza kabini kwiifolda uze ufinyelele kwifayili ofuna ukuyikopisha.

Ungasebenzisa imiyalelo yebhobhobhodi efanelekileyo ukukopisha ifayile. Ngokomzekelo ukunqakraza kwifayile kwaye ucinezela i-CTRL kunye no-C ndawonye kuthatha ikopi yefayili. Ukuchukumisa i-CTRL kunye neV V ifayile kwifayile oyikhethayo ukuyikopisha ifayile.

Ukuba unamathisela ifayile kwifolda efanayo, iya kuba negama elifanayo njengeyayimvelaphi ngaphandle kokuba iya kuba negama (ikopi) ekupheleni kwayo.

Ungaphinde ukopishe ifayile ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kwifayile uze ukhethe into "yemeko" yemenyu. Ungakhetha ngoko ifolda ofuna ukuyifakela kuyo, cofa ngakwesokudla uze ukhethe "unamathisele".

Enye indlela yokukopisha ifayile kukucofa ngokuchanekileyo kwifayili uze ukhethe "ikhophi kuya" kukhetho. Iwindow entsha iya kubonakala. Fumana ifolda ofuna ukuyikopisha ifayile uze uklikhele iqhosha elithi "khetha".

Unako ukukopisha iifayile ezininzi ngokubamba iqhosha le CTRL ngeli xesha ukhetha ifayile nganye. Naluphi na iindlela zangaphambili ezifana nokukhetha i-CTRL C okanye ukhetha "ikopi" okanye "ikopi" kwi menu yomxholo iya kusebenza kuzo zonke iifayile ezikhethiweyo.

Umyalelo wekopi usebenza kwiifayile kunye neefolda.

Indlela yokusebenzisa iDolphin ukukhuphela iiFayile kunye neefolda

I-Dolphin ingasungulwa ngokusebenzisa imenyu ye KDE.

Uninzi lweempawu kwiDolphin zifana neNautilus.

Ukukopa ifayile ifayilile kwifolda apho ifayili ihlala ngokuchofoza kabini kwiifolda uze ufunde ifayile.

Sebenzisa inkinobho yemouse ukushiya ukhethe ifayile okanye sebenzisa ukhiye weCTRL kunye nekhompi ye mouse ekhohlo ukukhetha iifayile ezininzi.

Ungasebenzisa iifayile ze CTRL kunye neC ukuze ukopishe ifayile. Ukunamathisela ifayili khetha ifolda ukuze unamathisele ifayile uze ucindezele i-CTRL kunye ne-V.

Ukuba ukhetha ukunamathisela kwifolda efanayo njengoko ifayile okopishe ifestile ibonakala ikucela ukuba ufake igama elitsha kwifayile ekopishiwe.

Unokukhuphela kwakhona iifayile ngokuchofoza ngokuchanekileyo kubo kwaye ukhethe "Kopisha". Ukunamathisela ifayile ongakchofoza ngokukhawuleza ukhethe "Namathisela".

Iifayile nazo ziyakopizwa ngokuzidonsa kwiifolda enye ukuya kwelinye. Xa ukwenza oku imenyu iza kubonakala ngeenketho ukukopisha ifayili, qhagamshela ifayile okanye ukuhambisa ifayile.

Indlela yokusebenzisa iThunar Ukukhuphela iiFayile kunye neefolda

Umphathi wefayile weThunar unokuqaliswa kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwimo ye desktop ye-XFCE.

NjengaNautilus kunye neDolphin, unokhetha ifayile kunye ne mouse kwaye sebenzisa izitshixo ze CTRL ne C ukukopisha ifayile. Unako ukusebenzisa i-CTRL kunye ne V izihluthulelo zokunamathisela ifayile.

Ukuba unamathisela ifayile kwifayili efanayo njengoko iifayile ezikopishiwe zigcina igama elifanayo kodwa "(ikopi)" yongezwa njengenxalenye yegama layo kwinto efanayo neNautilus.

Ungaphinde ukopishe ifayile ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kwifayile uze ukhethe "ikhophi" ukhetho. Qaphela ukuba i-Thunar ayibandakanyi "ikopi" kwikhetho.

Emva kokuba ukopishe ifayile ungayinamathisa ngokuya kwiifolda ukuze unamathele. Ngoku ngoku nqakraza iqhosha elifanelekileyo uze ukhethe "unamathisele".

Ukutsala ifayile kwifolda ifaka ifayile kunokuyikopisha.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-PCManFM Ukukhuphela iiFayile kunye neefolda

Umphathi wefayile ye-PCManFM unokusungulwa kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwimo ye desktop ye-LXDE.

Lo mlawuli wefayili unesiseko esisisiseko kwimigca yeThunar.

Unako ukukopa iifayile ngokuzikhetha nge mouse. Ukukopa ifayile cindezela iqhosha le CTRL kunye ne C ngexesha elifanayo okanye nqakraza ngakwesokudla kwifayile uze ukhethe "ikopi" kwimenyu.

Ukunamathisela ifayile cindezela i CTRL kunye neV kwifolda ofuna ukuyikopisha ifayile. Unokukrofa ngokuchanekileyo uze ukhethe "unamathisele" kwimenyu.

Ukutsala kunye nokulahla ifayile ayifaki ukukopisha ifayili, iyishukumisela.

Kukho ukhetho xa ucofa ngokuchanekileyo kwifayile ebizwa ngokuthi "indlela yokukopisha". Oku kuncedo ukuba ufuna ukunamathisela i-URL yefayili kwidokhumenti okanye kumgca womyalelo naliphi na isizathu.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Caja Ukukopisha iiFayile kunye neefolda

Unokuqalisa iKaja kwimenyu ngaphakathi kwimo yedeskto yendawo.

I-Caja injengeNautilus kwaye isebenza ngokufanayo.

Ukukopa ifayile ifumaneke ngokuhamba indlela yakho ngokusebenzisa iifolda. Cofa kwifayili uze ukhethe i-CTRL kunye noC ukukopisha ifayile. Unokongeza ngokukhawuleza ukhethe "ikopi" kwimenyu.

Ukunamathisela iifayile uhambe kwindawo apho ufuna ukukopisha ifayili uze ucindezele i-CTRL kunye ne-V. Ngaphandle kokochofoza kwaye ukhethe "unamathisele" kwimenyu.

Ukuba unamathisela kwifolda efanayo njengefayili yasekuqaleni ke ifayile iya kuba negama elifanayo kodwa iya kuba "(ikopi)" ifakwe ekupheleni kwayo.

Ukucofa ngakwesokudla kwifayile kwakhona kunikeza inketho ebizwa ngokuthi "Khuphela". Oku akulona luncedo njenge "kopopi kuya" kwiNautilus. Ungakhetha kuphela ukukopa kwideskithophu okanye kwifolda yekhaya.

Ukubamba iqhosha lokushiya kwifayili kwaye uyihudulela kwifolda liza kubonisa imenyu ukubuza ukuba ufuna ukukopisha, ukuhambisa okanye ukudibanisa ifayile.

Indlela yokukopa iFayile evela kwincwadi enye Kuya kwenye usebenzisa i-Linux

I-syntax yokukopisha ifayile ukusuka kwindawo eya kwelinye ilandelayo:

cp / umthombo / umendo / igama / umxholo / umendo / igama

Umzekelo, cinga ukuba unesakhiwo sefolda elandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • maxwebhu
      • ifolda1
        • ifayile 1
        • ifayile2
        • ifayile3
      • ifolda2
        • ifayile4

Ukuba ufuna ukukopisha ifayile1 ukusuka kwindawo yayo yangoku kwi / ekhaya / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 ukuya / ekhaya / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 uze uthayiphe oku kulayini lomyalelo:

cp / ikhaya / gary / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 / ikhaya / gary / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1

Kukho ezinye iindlela ezimfutshane ongenza apha.

Isiqephu sekhaya / senu singatshintshwa kunye ne-tilde (~) echazwe kweli nqaku. Etshintsha umyalelo kule nto

cp ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1

Uyakushiya igama lefayile ekujoliswe kuyo ukuba unenjongo yokusebenzisa igama elifanayo lefayile

cp ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2

Ukuba sele sele usekhompyutheni ekujoliswe kuyo ungashenxisa umkhondo wendlela ekujoliswe kuzo ekujoliswe kuyo.

cp ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1.

Ngenye indlela ukuba sele usele folda yomthombo ungakunika nje igama lefayile njengomthombo ngale ndlela:

cp file1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2

Indlela Yokuthatha Isilondolozo Ngaphambi Kokukopisha Iifayile Kwi-Linux

Kwiphepha langaphambili lenkcukacha1 liqukethe ifayile ebizwa ngokuba yifayile1 kunye nefolda2 ayikho. Khawucinge nangona ukuba ifow2 yayinayo ifayile ebizwa ngokuba yifayile1 kwaye ugijime umyalelo olandelayo:

cp file1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2

Umyalelo ongentla ungaphinda ubhale ifayile1 okwangoku kwifolda 2. Akukho zihlandlo, akukho sixwayiso kwaye akukho mpazamo kuba kude ku-Linux ukhathazekile umyalelo ovumelekileyo.

Unokuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela xa ukopisha iifayile ngokufumana iLinux ukudala ukugcinwa kwefayili ngaphambi kokuyibeka ngaphezulu. Sebenzisa nje umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -b / umthombo / ifayili / kujoliswe / ifayile

Umzekelo:

cp -b ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1

Kulawulo lwendawo apho kuya kuba nefayili ekhutshiwe kwaye kuya kuba nefayile kunye ne-tilde (~) ekugqibeleni okuyiyo yokugcinwa kwefayili yasekuqaleni.

Ungatshintsha umyalelo wokulondoloza ukusebenzela ngendlela eyahlukileyo kangangokuthi yenza ama-backups amaninzi. Unokufuna ukwenza oku ukuba sele usukopishe iifayile phambi kwaye ucinga ukuba izikhokelo ezikhoyo zikhoyo. Yindlela yolawulo lwenguqulo.

cp --backup = manani ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1

Igama lefayile yee-backups liza kulandelana nemigca yefayile1. ~ 1 ~, ifayile1. ~ 2 ~ njl.

Indlela Yokunyusa Ngaphambi KwamaFayili Okubhaliweyo Xa Uwakopisha usebenzisa iLuxu

Ukuba awufuni iikopi zokugcinwa kweefayile ezilele kwiifayile yakho kodwa ufuna kwakhona ukuba umyalelo wekopi awuyi kubhala ngaphezulu ifayili ngokungenakukhetha ukuba ufumane ukukhawuleza ukubuza ukuba ufuna ukubhalela indawo leyo.

Ukwenza oku kusebenzise le syntax elandelayo:

cp -i / umthombo / ifayili / kujoliswe / ifayile

Umzekelo:

cp -i ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1

Umyalezo uza kubonakala ngale ndlela: cp: overwrite './file1'?

Ukubhala ngaphezulu kwefayili cindezela Y kwikhibhodi okanye ukucima umshicileli uN okanye CTRL no-C ngexesha elinye.

Yintoni eyenzekayo Xa Ukhuphela iiNgqungquthela eziMpawu kwiLinux

Ikhonkco lokufuzisela lufana nesinqumlezo sedesktop. Okuqulathwe kwisiqhagamshelo esingokomqondiso idilesi kwifayili yomzimba.

Khawucinge ngoko ke ube nesakhiwo sefolda elandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • maxwebhu
      • ifolda1
        • ifayile 1
      • ifolda2
        • ifayile1 (iifayile ezibonakalisa iifolda1 / ifayile1)
      • ifolda3

Khangela umyalelo olandelayo:

cp ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Oku akumele kube yinto emitsha njengoko ikopisha ifayile yomzimba ukusuka kwifolda enye ukuya kwenye.

Kwenzeka ntoni ke ukuba ukopiza isiqhagamshelo esingumqondiso ukusuka kwifolda2 ukuya kwifolda3?

cp ~ / amaxwebhu / folder2 / fayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Ifayili ekopiweyo kwifolda3 ayikho isixhumanisi esingokomqondiso. Ngokwenene ifayile ikhonjiswe kwisixhumanisi sokufanisa ngoko ngokwenene ufumana umphumo ofanayo njengoko uthanda ukukopisha ifayile1 ukusuka kwifolda1.

Ngokuqinisekileyo unokufumana umphumo ofanayo ngokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -H ~ / amaxwebhu / folder2 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba kukho enye enye inguqu ekhangela ngokupheleleyo ifayili ukuba ikopiwe kwaye ayiyikhonkco lokufuzisela:

cp -L ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Ukuba ufuna ukukopisha isiqhagamshelo esingokomqondiso kufuneka uchaze umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -d ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda2 / ifayile1 ~ / amaxwebhu / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Ukunyanzela isixhumanisi sokufuzisela ukuba sikopishwe kwaye kungekhona ifayile ebonakalayo isebenzisa lo myalelo olandelayo:

cp -P ~ / documents / folder2 / fayile1 ~ imibhalo / ifolda3 / ifayile1

Indlela yokudala ii-Links eziqinileyo usebenzisa i-cp Command

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwesixhumanisi esingumqondiso kunye nekhonkco elukhuni?

Isiqhagamshelo esingumfuziselo sinqumla kwifayile ebonakalayo. Ayinayo nayiphi na idilesi kwifayile yomzimba.

Ikhonkco elinzima nangona kunjalo unxibelelwano lwefayili yomzimba efanayo kodwa ngegama elihlukile. Kuphantse kufana nesiteketiso. Yindlela enhle yokulungiswa kweefayili ngaphandle kokuthatha nayiphina indawo yidiski.

Esi sikhokelo sichazela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga neenxibelelwano ezinzima .

Unokwenza ikhonkco elukhuni usebenzisa umyalelo we-cp kodwa ke ngokuqhelekileyo ndimele ndisebenzise umyalelo we-ln.

cp -l ~ / source / file ~ / target / file

Njengomzekelo wokuba ungasebenzisa unxibelelwano oluqinileyo qwalasela ukuba unayo ifolda ebizwa ngevidiyo kunye nale fowuni ifolda enefayile enkulu yevidiyo ebizwa ngokuthi honeymoon_video.mp4. Ngoku khawucinge ukuba ufuna ukuba le vidiyo ibizwe ngokuba yi-barbados_video.mp4 kuba nayo inemifanekiso yeBarbados apho uhamba khona kwi-honeymoon.

Unokwenza nje ukukopisha ifayile kwaye uyinike igama elitsha kodwa oko kuthetha ukuba uthatha kabini isixa sediski yinto efana nevidiyo efanayo.

Unokuthi udale isiqhagamshelo esingumfuziselo esithi barbados_video.mp4 esichaza kwifayile ye honeymoon_video.mp4. Oku kuya kusebenza kakuhle kodwa ukuba umntu ususwe kwi-honeymoon_video.mp4 uza kushiywa ngunxube kwaye akukho nanye kwaye ikhonkco isebenzisa isikhala sedisk.

Ukuba udale ikhonkco elinzima kodwa unokuba nefayile eyi-1 enegama leefayile ezi-2. Ukwahlukana kuphela kukuba baqulethe iinombolo ezahlukeneyo ze-inode. (ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo). Ukucima i-honeymoon_video.mp4 ifayile ayifaki ifayile kodwa iyancipha inani eli fayile ye-1. Ifayili iya kususwa kuphela ukuba zonke izalathisi zefayili zisuswa.

Ukwakha ikhonkco uza kwenza into enjengale:

cp -l /videos/honeymoon_video.mp4 /videos/barbados_video.mp4

Indlela Yokudala Iingqamaniso Zomxholo usebenzisa I-cp Command

Ukuba ufuna ukudala isixhumanisi esingokomqondiso endaweni yekhonkco elinzima ungasebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -s / umthombo / ifayili / kujoliswe / ifayile

Kwakhona ndiza kusebenzisa ngokubanzi umyalelo we-ln -s kodwa oko kusebenza ngokunjalo.

Indlela Yokukhuphela Iifayile Ukuba ZizoNtsha

Ukuba ufuna ukukopisha iifayile kwifolda kodwa ubhale ngaphezulu iifayile eziya kuyo ukuba ifayile yomthombo intsha kwaye ungasebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -u / umthombo / ifayili / kujoliswe / ifayile

Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuba ifayile ayikho kwicala elijoliswe kuyo ke ikopi iya kuqhutywa.

Ukukhuphela iiFayile ezininzi

Unokubonelela ngefayile engaphezulu kweyodwa kwimiyalelo yekopi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

cp / umthombo / ifayile1 / umthombo / ifayile2 / umthombo / ifayile3 / ithagethi

Umyalelo ongentla ungayi ukopa ifayile1, ifayile2 kunye nefayile3 kwifolda ekujoliswe kuyo.

Ukuba iifayile zihambelana nomzekelo othize ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-wildcards ngale ndlela:

cp /home/gary/music/*.mp3 / ikhaya / gary / umculo2

Umyalelo ongentla ungayikopisha zonke iifayile kunye nokwandisa .mp3 ukuya kwifolda yomculo2.

Ukukhuphela iiFolders

Ukukopisha iifolda kufana nokukopisha iifayile.

Umzekelo, cinga ukuba unesakhiwo sefolda elandelayo:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • maxwebhu
      • ifolda1
        • ifayile 1
        • ifayile2
      • ifolda2

Cinga ukuba ufuna ukuhambisa ifolda yefolda1 ukwenzela ukuba ngoku uhlala phantsi kwefowuni 2 ngale ndlela:

• ekhaya
  • gary
    • maxwebhu
      • ifolda2
        • ifolda1
          • ifayile 1
          • ifayile2

Ungasebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -r / ikhaya / gary / amaxwebhu / ifolda1 / ikhaya / igary / amaxwebhu / ifolda2

Ungasebenzisa kwakhona umyalelo olandelayo:

cp -R / home / gary / amaxwebhu / folder1 / ikhaya / gary / amaxwebhu / ifolda2

Ezi ikopi ezibhalwe kwifolda1 kunye nayo nayiphi na i-ekhompyutheni kunye neefayili ngaphakathi kweenkcukacha eziphantsi.

Isishwankathelo

Esi sikhokelo sinike ezininzi zezixhobo ozifunayo ukukopisha iifayile ezijikelezayo ngaphakathi kweLuxal. Yonke into ungayisebenzisa umyalelo womntu weLinux .

indoda cp