Umyalelo we Linux / Unix insmod ufaka imodyuli ephathekayo kwi-kernel eqhubayo. i-insmod izama ukudibanisa umxube kwi-kernel esebenza ngokusombulula zonke iisimboli kwifayile yetsingiselo ye-kernel.
Ukuba igama lefayile yefomula linikezwa ngaphandle kweenkcukacha okanye ukongezwa, i- insmod izakukhangela imodyuli kwezinye iirejista eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo. Ummandla oguquguqukayo weMODPATH ungasetyenziselwa ukugqithisa oku kungagqibekanga. Ukuba ifayile yokucwangcisa imodyuli efana ne /etet/modules.conf ikhona, iya kuba ngaphezu kwemizila ichazwe kuMODPATH .
Ukutshintsha kwemeko yeMODULECONF nako kusetyenziselwa ukukhetha ifayile yefayile eyahlukileyo kwi-default /etc/modules.conf (okanye /etet/conf.modules (ichithwe)). Olu tshintshayo lwendalo luya kunqumla zonke iinkcazo ezingentla.
Xa uguquko lwenkcubeko UNAME_MACHINE isetyenziswe, i-modutils iya kusebenzisa ixabiso layo esikhundleni senkundla yomatshini kwi-uname () syscall. Oku kusetyenziswa kakhulu xa uqulunqa iimodyuli ezingama-64 kwi-32 b bit space user or vice versa, setha u- UNAME_MACHINE kumhlobo wee modyuli. Iimodutils zamanje azixhasi imodeli yokwakha egcweleyo yezakhiwo zee modyuli, iyanqunyulwa ekukhetheni phakathi kweenguqu ezingu-32 no-64-bit ze-architectural host.
Khetha
-iqhubeka -name , --persist = persist_name
Icacisa apho kukho nayiphi na idatha eqhubekayo yomodyuli efundwayo ukusuka kumthwalo kwaye ibhaliwe xa kuqaliswa ukukhutshwa kwesi simodyuli. Olu khetho lugcinwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba umodyuli awunazo iinkcukacha eziqhubekayo. Idatha eqhubekayo ifundwa kuphela ngu- insmod ukuba olu khetho lukhoyo, ngokungagqibekanga i- insmod ayiyi kuqhubeka neenkcukacha eziqhubekayo.
Njengomfanekiso omfutshane , -e "" (intambo engenanto) ichazwa ngu- insmod njengexabiso lokuqhubeka njengoko kuchazwe kwiimodyuli.conf , ilandelwa ligama legama lomxube ohambelana nomzila wendlela yokufunyaniswa efunyenwe kuyo, ukususa ukulandelela ".gz", ".o" okanye ".mod". Ukuba iimodyuli.conf zichaza " persistdir = " (okt okuqhubekayo yintsimi engenanto) ke le fomu emfutshane ifakwe ingqalelo. (Bona iimodyuli.conf (5).)
-f , - ukusebenza
Ukuzama ukulayisha umodyuli nokuba ngaba i-kernel ye-kernel kunye neenguqu ye-kernel apho imodyuli yahlanganiswa ayifani. Oku kungaphezulu kwenguqu ye-kernel isheke, ayinayo impembelelo kwigama lesimboli. Ukuba amagama angumqondiso kwimodyuli ahambelani nekernel kwaye akukho ndlela yokunyanzelisa i- insmod ukulayisha imodyuli.
-h , -help
Bonisa isishwankathelo senketho uze uphume ngokukhawuleza.
-k , --autoclean
Hlela iiflegi ezicoca ngokuzenzekelayo kwiimodyuli. Le flegi iya kusetyenziswa i- kerneld (8) ukususa iimodyuli ezingasetyenziswanga ngexesha elithile-ngokuqhelekileyo ngomzuzu.
-L , ukuvula
Sebenzisa umhlambi (2) ukukhusela imithwalo yexesha elifanayo.
-m , -
Ukuvelisa imephu yomthwalo kwi-stdout, okwenza kube lula ukukhupha imodyuli xa kwenzeka inkathazo ye-kernel.
-n , - ungadlulanga
Ukugijima kwe-Dummy, yenza konke ngaphandle kokulayisha umodyuli kwi-kernel. Ukuba uceliwe yi-- m okanye -O , ukuhamba kuza kuvelisa imephu okanye ifayile yeblogi. Ekubeni imodyuli ayilayithwanga, idilesi yokulayisha i-kernel ingaziwa ngoko imephu kunye nefayili yeblogi isekelwe kwidilesi yomthwalo ongathandabuzekiyo we-0x12340000.
-o module_name , --name = module_name
Gama ngokucacileyo igama le modyuli, kunokuba ufumane igama kwigama elisisiseko sefayili yento yomthombo.
-O blob_name , --blob = blob_name
Gcina into ebhanari kwi- blob_name . Isiphumo ibhanki yebhanari (akukho zihloko ze-ELF) ezibonisa ngokuthe ngqo oko kulayishwa kwi-kernel emva kwesigqeba sokuphathwa kunye nokufuduswa. Inketho -m Kunconywa ukuba ufumane imephu yento.
-p , - ngaphandle
Cwangcisa umodyuli ukuba ubone ukuba ingalayishwa ngempumelelo . Oku kubandakanya ukufumana ifayile yezinto kwindlela yemodyuli, ukujonga iinombolo zenguqu, nokulungisa izibonakaliso. Ayiboni ukufuduswa okanye ayivelisi imephu okanye ifayile yeblogi.
-P prefix , -prefix = isiqalo
Olu khetho lunokusetyenziswa kunye neepomodyuli eziguqulelweyo ze-SMP okanye i-bigmem kernel, ekubeni loo modyuli inesiqulatho esongezelelweyo esongeziweyo kumagama abo. Ukuba i-kernel yakhiwe ngeenguqu zentsingiselo ke i- insmod izakukhupha ngokukhawuleza iqhosha lokuqala ukusuka kwingcaciso ethi "get_module_symbol" okanye "inter_module_get", enye yayo mayibe nayo kunoma iyiphi i-kernel exhasa iimodyuli. Ukuba i-kernel ayinayo iinguqu zenguqu kodwa imodyuli yakhiwe ngeenguqu zentsingiselo ngoko umsebenzisi kufuneka anikezele -P .
-q , i- quiet
Musa ukuprinta uluhlu lwazo naziphi na iimpawu ezingaguqukiyo. Musa ukukhalaza malunga neenguqu ezingafaniyo. Ingxaki iza kubonakala kuphela kwi-exit status ye- insmod .
-r , - ingcambu
Abanye abasebenzisi baqokelela iimodyuli ngaphantsi komsebenzisi ongenazimpande aze ufake ii modyuli njengezimpande. Le nkqubo inokushiya iimodyuli ezingezantsi zomsebenzisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-modules directory ilawulwa yingcambu. Ukuba umsebenzisi ongeyena ingcambu utyeshelwe, umgcini angaphinda abhale iimodyuli ezikhoyo zale mse benzisi kwaye asebenzise oku kufakwa kwi-bootstrap ukuya kwi-root access.
Ngokungagqibekanga, i-modutils iya kulahla imizamo yokusebenzisa imodyuli engenayo ingcambu. Ukucacisa -r kuya kutshintshela isheke kwaye kuvumele ukuba ingcambu ilayishe iimodyuli ezingekho phantsi kwengcambu. Qaphela: ixabiso elingagqibekanga kwingqwalasela yengcambu ingatshintshwa xa i-modutils iqulunqwe.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe--r ukukhubaza ingcambu ukuhlola okanye ukusetha okuzenzakalelayo ukuba "akukho ngcambu yengcambu" ngexesha lokucwangcisa lukhuseleko olukhuselekileyo olukhulu kwaye alucebisi.
-s , - syslog
Isiphumo konke kwi syslog (3) endaweni yesigxina.
-S , --kallsyms
Qinisekisa imodyuli elayishiwe ukuba ube nedatha ye- kallsyms , nokuba i-kernel ayiyixhasi . Olu khetho luncedo kwiinkqubo ezincinci apho i-kernel ilayishiwe ngaphandle kwedatha ye- kallsyms kodwa iimodyuli ezikhethiweyo zifuna i- kallsyms zokulungisa. Olu khetho luyi-default kwi-Red Hat Linux.
-v , --verbose
Qinisekisa.
-V , --version
Bonisa uguqulelo lwe- insmod .
-X , - ngaphandle ; -x , - ayikho ngaphandle
Yenza kwaye ungathumeli zonke iimpawu zangaphandle zeemodyuli, ngokulandelanayo. Okungagqibekanga kukuba iimpawu zokuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Olu khetho lusebenza kuphela ukuba imodyuli ayithumeli ngokucacileyo itheyibhile yecandelo elilawulwayo, kwaye ke iyancitshiswa.
-Y , --ksymoops ; -y , - noksymoops
Yenza kwaye ungafaki uphawu lwe ksymoops kwiiksyms. Ezi zimboli zisetyenziswe ngu- ksymoops ukubonelela ngokugqithisa ngakumbi xa kukho i-Oops kule modyuli. I-default is for ksymoops symbols echazwe. Olu khetho luzimeleyo kwiindlela ze -X / -x .
Iimpawu ze ksymoops zongeza malunga nee -260 bytes nganye elayishiwe. Ngaphandle kokuba unomfutshane kakhulu kwi-kernel space kwaye uzama ukunciphisa i-ksyms ukuya kobuncinci bayo ubuncinane, thatha okungaqhelekanga uze ufumane ngakumbi ngokuchanekileyo. Iimpawu ze ksymoops zifuneka ukuba zilondoloze idatha yenkomfa eqhubekayo.
-N , - kuphela-kuphela
Khangela kuphela inxalenye yeenombolo yenguqu yomnxeba ngokubhekiselele kwinguqulo yekernel, oko kukuthi ayiyikuziphulaphula i-EXTRAVERSION xa ugqiba ukuba imodyuli ingeyona kernel. Le flegi isetyenziselwa ngokuzenzekelayo i-kernel 2.5 ngaphezulu, ikhethwa ngokukhethekileyo kwiinkuni zangaphambili.
Module Parameters
Ezinye iimodyuli zithatha iiparitha zexesha lokulayisha ukulungiselela ukusebenza kwazo. Ezi parameters zivame ukuhamba nge-I / O kunye nee-IRQ iinombolo ezihluka kumatshini ukuya kumatshini kwaye azikwazi ukuchongwa kwi-hardware.
Kwiimodyuli ezakhelwe ii-kernels ze-2.0 zechungechunge, naluphi na uphawu olusenziwa ngenani okanye uphawu lwesimboli lungaphathwa njengeparitha kwaye luguqulwe. Ukuqala kumanqaku angama-2.1, iimpawu ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo njengeparamitha ukwenzela ukuba kuphela ixabiso elithile litshintshwe. Ukongezelela, uthayiphe ulwazi ngolwazi lokujonga ixabiso elibonelelwe ngexesha lokulayisha.
Kwimeko yeendidi, zonke ixabiso lingaba lidasimali, i-octal okanye i-hexadecimal yeC: 17, 021 okanye 0x11. Iimpawu zohlobo zichazwe ngokulandelelana ngokwahlukileyo. Izinto ezikhethiweyo zinganciphisa ngokushiya ixabiso.
Kwiimodyuli ze-2.0 zechungechunge, izithethe ezingabalwa ngeenombolo zicatshulwa. Ukuqala ngo-2.1, ulwazi lohlobo lwepharamitha lubonisa ukuba ukutolika ixabiso njengomtya. Ukuba ixabiso liqala ngeempendulo eziphindwe kabini ( " ), umnqamlezo uguqulelwa njengeC, ukulandelelana kweendlela kunye nento yonke. Qaphela ukuba ukusuka kwi-shell shell, iingcaphuno zifuna ukukhuselwa kwiinguqulelo zegobolondo.
Iimodyuli kunye neeMpawu zeGPL ezilayisenisiweyo
Ukuqala nge-kernel 2.4.10, iimodyuli kufuneka zibe nomtya welayisenisi, ichazwe usebenzisa iMODULE_LICENSE () . Imida emininzi ibonwa njengeGPL ehambelanayo; nayiphi na enye intambo yelayisenisi okanye akukho mvume kwiindlela zonke ukuba umodyuli uphathwa njengempahla.
Ukuba i-kernel isekela iiflethi / proc / sys / kernel / i-flagged flag emva koko i- insmod iya kuthi okanye ifulegi ehlambulukileyo nge '1' xa ilayisha imodyuli ngaphandle kwelayisensi yeGPL. Isilumkiso sikhutshwe ukuba i-kernel isekela ukutyalela kwaye imodyuli ilayishwe ngaphandle kwelayisenisi. Isilumkiso sisoloko sikhutshwe kwiimodyuli ezineMODULE_LICENSE () engekho i-GPL ehambelanayo, nakwiihinki ezindala ezingayixhasi. Oku kunciphisa izilumkiso xa i-modutils entsha isetyenziselwa kwiinkukhu ezindala.
I-insmod -f (i-force) imodi iya kuba OKUYE iflegi ehlambulukileyo kunye ne-'2 'kwiinkuni ezixhasa ukucoca. Ihlala ikhupha isilumkiso.
Abanye abaphuhlisi be-kernel bafuna ukuba iimpawu ezithunyelwa ngekhowudi zazo mazizisebenzise kuphela iimodyuli kunye nelayisenisi ehambisanayo yeGPL. Ezi zimpawu zithunyelwa nge- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL endaweni ye- EXPORT_SYMBOL eqhelekileyo. Iimpawu zeGPL-kuphela ezisithunyelwa nge-kernel kunye nezinye iimodyuli zibonakala kuphela kwiimodyuli ezinelayisenisi ezihambelanayo neGPL, ezi zibonakaliso kwi / proc / ksyms kunye nesiqalo se ' GPLONLY_ '. i-insmod igxeka i- GPLONLY_ isiqalo kwiimpawu xa ulayisha i modyuli yelayisensi yeGPL ukuze umodyuli ubhekisele kwigama lesimboli eliqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kwesiqalo. Iimpawu zeGPL kuphela azenziwanga kwiimodyuli ngaphandle kwelayisenisi ehambelana neGPL, oku kuquka iimodyuli ezingenayo ilayisenisi nonke.
Usizo lweKsymoops
Ukuncedisa ngokususa i-kernel Uxolo xa usebenzisa iimodyuli, i- insmod ayifaki ukufaka ezinye iisimboli kwiiksyms, bona i -Y option. Ezi ziqalo ziqala nge __insmod_modulename_ . I- modulename iyadingeka ukwenza iimpawu zizodwa. Kusemthethweni ukuba ulayishe into efanayo ngaphezu kweyodwa phantsi kwamagama emodyuli ahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, iimpawu ezichaziweyo zi:
__insmod_modulename_Oobjectfile_Mmtime_Vversion
into engafaniyo yigama lefayili leyo into ebeyilayishiwe kuyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba i ksymoops ingafanisa ikhowudi kwizinto ezichanekileyo. i-mtime yi-timestamp yokugqibela eguquliwe kule fayili kwi-hex, zero ukuba umgangatho wehlulekile. inguqulelo yenguqulo ye-kernel eyayihlanganiswa kuyo, -1 ukuba akukho nhlobo ifumaneka. I- _O isimboli sinokuqala idilesi yokuqala njenge-header module.
__insmod_modulename_Ssectionname_Llength
Le fayile ibonakala ekuqaleni kwee-ELF ezikhethiweyo, okwangoku .text, .rodata, .data, .bss kunye .sbss. Kubonakala kuphela ukuba icandelo linobungakanani obungabonakali. Igama legama ligama le-ELF candelo, ubude ubude beli candelo kwinqanaba. Ezi zimboli zinceda ksymoops iilesi zeemephu kwiinqanaba xa kungekho zibonakaliso ezikhoyo.
__insmod_modulename_Ppististent_filename
Yenziwe kuphela ngu- insmod ukuba imodyuli inomnye okanye iiparameters ezibekwe njengedatha eqhubekayo kunye negama lefayile ukugcina idatha eqhubekayo (jonga -e , ngasentla) iyatholakala.
Enye ingxaki ngokulungisa i-kernel Ikhonkco kwiimodyuli kukuba iziqulatho ze / proc / ksyms kunye / / i-proc / modules zingatshintsha phakathi kwe-Oops kwaye xa uqhuba ifayile yelog. Ukuze uncede unqobe le ngxaki, ukuba i-directory / var / log / ksymoops ikhona i- insmod kwaye i- rmmod izakukopisha ngokuzenzekelayo / proc / ksyms kunye / / proc / modules ukuya / var / log / ksymoops kunye nesiphakamiso sosuku '% Y% m % d% H% M% S`. Umlawuli wenkqubo unokuxelela i ksymoops leyo ifakraza ifayile yokuyisebenzisa xa ulungisa i-Oops. Akukho tshintshi yokukhubaza le ikopi ngokuzenzekelayo. Ukuba awufuni ukuba kwenzeke, musa ukudala / var / log / ksymoops . Ukuba le ncwadana ikhona, kufuneka ibe neengcambu kwaye ibe yimodi engama-644 okanye i-600 kwaye kufuneka usebenzise le script yonke imihla okanye njalo. Iskripthi esingezantsi sifakwe njenge- insmod_ksymoops_clean .
Ulwazi oluSisiseko lokuLwazi
NAME
fakela imodyuli ye-kernel ephathekayo
SYNOPSIS
i-insmod [-fhkLmnpqrsSvVxXyYN] [-e persist_name ] [-o module_name ] [-O blob_name ] imodyuli ye- [-P] [ uphawu = value ...]