Enye into ebalulekileyo yokumisela i- Wi-Fi yokunxibelelana kokungenazintambo ezingenazintambo kukukhusela ukhuseleko kunye nezicwangciso ezichanekileyo. Ukuba ezi zicwangciso zingakhange zicaciswe, amadivaysi e-Wi-Fi ahluleka ukuxhuma kwinethiwekhi yendawo (mhlawumbi ukhuseleko lungavuleki).
Nangona kukho amanyathelo ambalwa abandakanyekayo ekuqwalaseleni ukhuseleko kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, ulawulo lwezitshixo ezingenazintambo luya kuba luleke kakhulu. Ezi zihluthulelo zephasiwedi yedijithali (ulandelelwano lweeleta kunye / okanye amadijithi, okubizwa ngokuba yi "intambo") ukuba zonke iifayile ezisetrateni kufuneka zikwazi ukuze zixhumane. Ngokukodwa, zonke iifayile kwi-Wi-Fi yenethiwekhi yendawo yenza isitshixo esifanayo.
Imithetho yokwenza ii-Wi-Fi Keys
Ukubeka ukhuseleko kwi- network ye-router yenethiwekhi ye -Wi-Fi, i- hotspot engena-wire okanye isixhobo siklayenti kuquka ukukhetha phakathi kwoluhlu lwezinketho zokhuseleko uze ungene kumtya ongundoqo apho ifowuni igcina kude. Iifayile ze-Wi-Fi zikhoyo kwiifom ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
- ASCII - ulandelelwano lweencwadi kunye / okanye iinombolo zokugqibela
- hex - ulandelelwano lweenombolo ze- hexadecimal
Izihluthulelo ze-Hex (iintambo ezinjenge '0FA76401DB', ngaphandle kweengcaphuno) zifomathi eziqhelekileyo eziza kuqonda iifayile ze-Wi-Fi. Iifayile ze-ASCII zibizwa ngokuba ngama- passrafra kuba abantu bahlala bekhetha amagama alula nokukhumbuza izitshixo zabo, njengokuthi 'ilovewifi' okanye 'u-1234'. Qaphela ukuba ezinye idivayisi ze-Wi-Fi zixhasa kuphela izitshixo ze-hex kwaye ziyakuthi zivume ukungena kubalingiswa begama lokubhala okanye ukubika iphutha xa uzama ukugcina umhlathi. Iifayile ze-Wi-Fi ziguqula zombini i-ASCII kunye nezihluthulelo ze-hex zibe ngamanani ebinzana eziba yixabiso eliphambili elisetyenziswe yi-Wi-Fi hardware ukubethela idatha ethunyelwe phezu kwekhonkco engena-wire.
Izinketho eziqhelekileyo zokunxibelelanisa ezisetyenziselwa ukuthungatha ikhaya zibandakanya i-64-bit okanye i-128-bit ye- WEP ( enganyanzelwanga ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokukhusela), i- WPA kunye ne- WPA2 ). Ezinye izithintelo ekukhetheni ukhiye we-Wi-Fi kuxhomekeke kwindlela ekhethiweyo elandelayo:
- I-64-bit i-WEP - iifrafa zimele zibe zi 5 ze-ASCII; izitshixo mazibe ngama-10 ayi-hexadecimal digits
- I-W-128-bit I-WEP - iipasphrasa kufuneka zibe ngama-13 ASCII; izitshixo mazibe ngama 26 ayi-hexadecimal digits
- I-WPA kunye ne-WPA2 - iifrafa zimele zibe phakathi kwe-8 no-63 ze-ASCII; izitshixo mazibe ngama-hex ezingama-64
Landela le migaqo eyongezelelweyo esetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinketho ezingentla xa ukhetha ukhiye we-Wi-Fi:
- 1. Khetha izitshixo ezinkulu kunokuba ubude ubuncinane ukuba kunokwenzeka. Iimpawu ezide kunzima ukuba zilungiswe, nangona zinzima kunzima ukuba abantu bakhumbule.
- 2. Ngenxa yokuba zonke iinketho ezingentla apha ze-Wi-Fi zisebenzisa izihluthulelo ezinobungozi, qinisekisa ukuba umdlalo wezitshixo olwabelwana ngazo kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwamagama angaphantsi nawaphezulu.
Ukuvumelanisa Keys Ngezixhobo Zasekhaya
Indlela elula ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iifowuni kwikhaya okanye inethiwekhi yendawo ichanekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kunye nencoko ye-Wi-Fi efanayo ukubeka kuqala isitshixo se-router (okanye enye indawo yokufikelela) kwaye uhlaziywe ngokufanelekileyo umthengi ngamnye ngomnye ukusebenzisa intambo ehambelanayo. Amanyathelo okuchanekileyo okusebenzisa ukhiye we-Wi-Fi kwi-router okanye esinye isixhobo siyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto eziphathekayo ezibandakanyekayo, kodwa njengomgaqo jikelele:
- faka izitshixo kwikhasi lokulawula lomzila weetayifayile ezingenamnxeba
- faka izitshixo kwisixhobo somsebenzisi ngokusebenzisa i-App Settings okanye ipaneli yolawulo lwenkqubo yokusebenza
Jonga kwakhona - Indlela yokuqwalasela i-WPA ye-Wireless Security kwi-Windows
Ukufumana iiKhiye zeeRotters kunye nama-Hotspots
Ngenxa yokuba ukulandelelana kwamanani kunye neencwadi kwi-Wi-Fi kunokude, kuqhelekile ukuba impazamo yexabiso okanye ukulibala ukuba yintoni. Ukufumana umtya onqakraza osebenzayo kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya engenazintambo, ungene kwi-router yendawo njengomlawuli kwaye ujonge ixabiso ukusuka kwikhasi lekhonsoli elifanelekileyo. Njengoko isixhobo asikwazi ukuqinisekisiza nge-router ngaphandle kokuba sele sinekona echanekileyo, qhagamshela isixhobo kwi-router ngokusebenzisa ikhebula ye-Ethernet xa kuyimfuneko.
Abanye abahamba ngeekhaya bavela kumvelisi benokukhethwa kwe-Wi-Fi yokukhuseleko sele sele bavuliwe kwaye iqhosha elingagqibekanga lifakwe ngaphambili kwisixhobo. Ezi zithuthi ziphethe isitikha phantsi kweyunithi ebonisa umtya othethiweyo. Ngelixa ezi zihluthulelo ziyimfihlo kwaye ngokubanzi zikhuselekile ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwindlu, amacwecwe anceda nabani na ngaphakathi kwikhaya ukuba babone izicwangciso zalo zokunxibelelanisa kwaye bajoyine ezinye iinkonzo zabaxhasi kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kolwazi lomnikazi. Ukuze ugweme le mngcipheko, abanye bakhetha ukugqithisa ukhiye kwii routa kunye nomtya ohlukileyo ngokukhawuleza xa uqala ukufaka.