Ukhuseleko olungenazintambo luqala nge-router yakho
Ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho ye-wireless iyinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokukhusela abaculi. Kwimizi emininzi, i-router imi phakathi kwabasebenzisi basekhaya nakubantu abaza kuthintela idatha yabo ngenjongo ezinomdla. Nangona kunjalo, ukungena kwi-router akwanele ukukhusela umnxibelelwano wakho ongenazintambo . Udinga ukhiye ongenafowuni we-router kunye nazo zonke izixhobo ekhaya lakho elisebenzisa i-router. Ikhonkco engenafowuni uhlobo lwephasiwedi elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkonzo zekhomputha ze-Wi-Fi ezingenazintambo ukwenzela ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwabo.
I-WEP, i-WPA kunye ne-WPA2
Ukufikelela kwi-Wi-Fi kuVikeleke (WPA) yinkqubo yokukhusela esemgangathweni ekusetyenzisweni kwiinkonzo ze-Wi-Fi. Umgangatho we-WPA wokuqala wawusungulwa ngo-1999, ukufaka endaweni ephezulu ebizwa ngokuba yi- Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) . Inguqulelo entsha yeWPA ebizwa ngokuthi i-WPA2 yabonakala ngo-2004.
Yonke le migangatho ifaka inkxaso yokwenza i-encryption, ekwazi ukukhwabanisa idatha ethunyelwa phezu kwenxibelelwano engenangcingo ukuze ikwazi ukuqondakala kalula ngabangaphandle. Inkcazo ye-wireless encryption isebenzisa ubuchule beemathematika ngokusekelwe kwii-random ezilandelwayo. I-WEP isebenzisa i-encryption scheme ebizwa ngokuba yi-RC4, apho i-WPA yangaphambili yatshintshile ngeProtocol Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP). Zomibini iRC4 kunye ne-TKIP njengoko zisetyenziswe yi-Wi-Fi zagqitywa ngokugqithiseleyo njengoko abaphandi bezokhuseleko bafumene iimpazamo ekuphunyezweni kwazo ezinokusetyenziswa kakubi ngabahlaseli. I-WPA2 ifake i-Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) njenge-TKIP esikhundleni.
I-RC4, iTKIP, kunye ne-AES zonke zisebenzisa izitshixo ezingenazintambo ezibude obude. Ezi zixhobo ezingenazintambo zinamanani ayi-hexadecimal ehluke ngobude-ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwama-128 kunye nama-256 bits ubude-kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokubhala ngokusetyenziswa. Idijithi nganye ye hexadecimal ibonisa iibhloko ezine eziphambili. Umzekelo, i-128-bit key ingabhalwa njengenombolo yeheksi yeenombolo ezingama-32.
Iipraphrases vs. Keys
Umhlathi Iphasiwedi ehambelana nencoko ye-Wi-Fi. Iipasphrases zinokuba ubuncinane ubuncinane obunesibhozo kunye nokufikelela kwiinhlamvu ezingama-63 ubude. Umntu ngamnye unokuba yileta ebalulekileyo, ileta encinane, inombolo, okanye isimboli. Idivaysi ye-Wi-Fi iguqulela ngokuzenzekelayo iiprafra ezihlukeneyo ubude zibe ngundoqo wehexadecimal yobude obufunekayo.
Ukusebenzisa ii-Keys ezingenanto
Ukusebenzisa ukhiye ongenamagcino kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya, umlawuli kufuneka akwazi ukunika indlela yokukhusela kwi- router ebanzi . Abasebenzisi bee-home router banikeza ukhetho phakathi kweendlela ezininzi ezinokuthi zibandakanya
- WEP
- WPA
- WPA2-TKIP
- WPA2-AES
Phakathi kwazo, i-WPA2-AES ifanele isetyenziswe xa kunokwenzeka. Zonke iifowuni ezixhomekeke kwi-router mazibekwe ukusetyenziswa kwindlela efanayo kunye ne-router, kodwa kuphela imishini ye-Wi-Fi endala ayikho inkxaso ye-AES. Ukukhetha ukhetho lukhuthaza umsebenzisi ukuba angene okanye i-passphrase okanye iqhosha. Abanye abaqhubi bavumela ukuba bangene kwiimpawu ezininzi kunokuba bafumane enye kuphela ukuba banike abalawuli ngaphezulu ukulawula ukongeza kunye nokususa amacebo avela kumanethiwekhi abo.
Ifowuni nganye engenafowuni edibanisa nenethwekhi yasekhaya kufuneka isetwe ngegama elifanayo lepasiprase okanye isethi yokhiye kwi-router. Isitshixo asifanele sabiwe kunye nabantu abangabaziyo.