Qinisekisa indawo esetyenziswayo kunye nekhoyo yediski
Indlela esheshayo yokufumana isishwankathelo sendawo esetyenziswayo kunye nesisetyenzisiweyo kwisistim sakho se Linux kufuneka uthayiphe umyalelo we-df kwiwindow. Umyalelo df ubhekisela kwi " d isk f system". Ngendlela -h (i-df -h) ibonisa isikhala sediski kwifomu "efundwa ngabantu", oku kuthethwa ngolu hlobo, kukunika iiyunithi kunye namanani.
Isiphumo somyalelo we-df yitheyibhile eneentsika ezine. Ikholam yokuqala iqulethe indlela yendlela yefayili, enokuthi ibhekise kwi disk ekhuni okanye esinye isisitoreji sokugcina, okanye inkqubo yefayile exhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi. Ikholam yesibili ibonisa amandla aloo fayile yenkqubo. Ikholam yesithathu ibonisa indawo ekhoyo, kwaye ikholomu yokugqibela ibonisa indlela apho ifayile yefayile ifakwe. I-point point yindawo kwindawo yomthi apho unokufumana nokufikelela kule fayile yefayile.
Ngomnye umyalelo, ngakunye uhlangothi, ubonisa isikhala sediski esisetyenziswe iifayile kunye neenkcukacha kwirejista yangoku. Kwakhona i -hh option (df -h) yenza isiqhamo sikwazi ukuyiqonda lula.
Ngokungagqibekanga, i-command yomncedisi dwelisa onke amacandelo e-subdirectories ukubonisa ukuba i-disk isithuba esingakanani esihlala kuyo. Oku kunokugwenywa nge--y option (df -h -s). Oku kuphela kubonisa isishwankathelo. Ngokufanayo indawo edibeneyo yediski esetyenziswa yizo zonke idilesi. Ukuba ufuna ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwediski yerejista (ifolda) ngaphandle kwekhowudi yangoku, ubeka nje igama lolawulo njengengxabano yokugqibela. Umzekelo: i- du -h -s imifanekiso , apho "imifanekiso" yayiza kuba yinkqutyana ye-directory yangoku.
Okunye malunga neDf Command
Ngokungagqibekanga, uya kufuneka kuphela ukubona iifayile zeifayile ezifikelelekayo ezingagqibekanga xa usebenzisa umyalelo we-df.
Kodwa unokubuyisela ukusetyenziswa kwazo zonke iifayile zefayile kuquka i-pseudo, iphepheni kunye neendlela ezingenakufikeleleka zefayile ngokusebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
df -a
df -zonke
Imiyalelo engentla ingabonakali incedo kubantu abaninzi kodwa ezilandelayo ziya. Ngokungagqibekanga, indawo esetyenziswayo kunye nekhoyo yediski ibhalwe ku-bytes.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, unokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
df-h
Oku kubonisa isiqalo kwisakhiwo esinokufundwa ngokufana nesayizi 546G, ekhoyo 496G. Nangona oku kulungile, iiyunithi zemiqathango ziyahlula kwiifayile nganye.
Ukumisela iiyunithi kuzo zonke iifayile ezingasetyenziswayo usebenzisa nje imiyalelo elandelayo:
df -BM
df - ubukhulu-size = M
I-M imele i-megabytes. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona naziphi na iifom ezilandelayo:
- K = kilobytes
- M = Megabyte
- G = iGigabyte
- T = iTerabytes
- P = iPetabytes
- E = Exabyte
- Z = Zettabyte
- Y = Yottabyte
I-kilobyte i-1024 bytes kunye ne-megabyte yi-1024 kilobytes. Unokuzibuza ukuba kutheni sisebenzisa i-1024 kwaye kungeyi-1000. Yonke into yokuyenza yokwenza ibhonari yekhompyutha. Uqala nge-2 kwaye u-4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, i-256, 512 uze u-1024.
Nangona kunjalo, izidalwa zabantu, zihlala zibalelwa kuma-decimal kwaye ke sisetyenziselwa ukucinga kwi-1, 10, 100, 1000. Ungayisebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo ukubonisa ixabiso kwifomati yokugqibela ngokuchasene nefomathi yobuncinane. (oko kukuthi iprint values in power of 1000 esikhundleni se-1024).
df -H
df --si
Uya kufumana ukuba amanani anjenge-2.9G abe ngu-3.1G.
Ukuphuma kwidisk yithuba akuyona yodwa ingxaki onokujamelana nayo xa usebenzisa uhlelo lwe-Linux. Inkqubo ye Linux nayo isebenzisa umxholo weengodes. Ifayile nganye oyidalayo inikwe i-inode. Kodwa unako ukudala iinqonkco ezinzima phakathi kweefayile ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Kukho umda kwinani le-inodes kwifom yefayile engayisebenzisa.
Ukubona ukuba iinkqubo zakho zefayile ziphantse ukushaya umda wazo zilandele le miyalelo elandelayo:
df -i
df --inodes
Ungenza ngokwezifiso umphumo we-df umyalelo ngale ndlela:
df --output = FIELD_LIST
Izinketho ezikhoyo zeFIELD_LIST zilandelayo:
- umthombo
- fstype
- itotal
- ndidla ngoku
- iavail
- ipcent
- ubukhulu
- tyenziswa
- ku fumana
- pcent
- ifayile
- joliswe kuyo
Unokudibanisa nayiphi na okanye yonke indawo. Umzekelo:
df --output = umthombo, ubukhulu, esetyenzisiweyo
Ungaphinda ufune ukujonga ixabiso lexabiso kwikhredkthi efana nenani elifumanekayo kuzo zonke iifayile zefayile.
Ukwenza oku sebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
df --total
Ngokungagqibekanga, uludwe lwe-df alubonisi uhlobo lwenkqubo yefayile. Unako ukuvelisa uhlobo lwenkqubo yefayili ngokusebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
df -T
uhlobo lwe-df --printprint
Uhlobo lwenkqubo yefayile luya kuba njengento ext4, vfat, tmpfs
Ukuba ufuna nje ukubona ulwazi oluthile uhlobo ungasebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
df -t ext4
dt --type = ext4
Ngapha koko, ungasebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo ukuba ungabandakanyi iinkqubo zefayile.
df -x ext4
df -exclude-type = ext4
Okunye malunga ne-du Command
Umyalelo njengoko sele usufunde uluhlu lweenkcukacha malunga nokusetyenziswa kwefayile kwendawo nganye.
Ngokungagqibekanga emva kokuba nganye into ibhalwe uluhlu lokubuya kwerekhodi luboniswa lube uluhlu lwento nganye into emitsha kumgca omtsha. Unokushiya ukubuyela ngokuhamba ngokusebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
-0
un-
Oku akuncedi ngokukodwa ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukujonga ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalelo owuncedo ngakumbi ukonga uluhlu oluthathwa yizo zonke iifayile kwaye kungekhona nje iirejista.
Ukwenza oku kusebenzise le miyalelo elandelayo:
du -a
du -
Mhlawumbi ufuna ukukhupha le nkcazelo kwifayile usebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
du -a> igama lefayile
Njengomyalelo we-df, ungacacisa indlela okuveliswa ngayo. Ngokungagqibekanga, ku-bytes kodwa unokhetha i-kilobytes, i-megabytes njl usebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
du -BM
i-dublock-size = M
Unako ukuhamba nokufundwa ngabantu njengesi-2.5G usebenzisa le miyalelo elandelayo:
du -h
ifundeka ngabantu
Ukufumana isiqhelo ekupheleni isebenzise le miyalelo elandelayo:
du-c
i-duototal