Ukusetha i-Character Ukucwangcisa kwi-HTML5
Ngaphambi kokungeniswa kwe-HTML5, ukusetha udidi lweenkcukacha kwi-document eneenkcukacha zokubhalela umgca wegama elithile elingezantsi. Le yimpawu zeMeta zeCharset ukuba usebenzisa HTML4 kwikhasi lakho lewebhu:
Yintoni ebalulekileyo ukuphawula kule khowudi iimpawu zokucaphuna ozibonayo malunga nomxholo wokuqukethwe: umxholo = " itekisi / html; charset = iso-8859-1 " . Njengazo zonke iimpawu ze-HTML, la manqaku okucaphuna achaza ixabiso le-attribute, ebonisa ukuba yonke intambo yombhalo / html; i-charset = i-iso-8959-1 yimixholo yale nqaku.Ili li-HTML elifanelekileyo kwaye yile ndlela umtya okwakuthiwa ubhalwe ngayo. Kwakunzima kwaye kulukhuni! Kwakungekho into enokuyikhumbula ngokuyinhloko entloko yakho! Kwiimeko ezininzi, abaphuhlisi bewebhu baya kufuneka bakopishe baze badibanise le khowudi kwenye indawo ukuya kuyo nayiphi na entsha abayiphulayo kuba ukubhala oku kusuka ekuqaleni kwakubaluleke kakhulu.
I-HTML5 Inciphisa I-Extra & # 34; I-Stuff & # 34;
I-HTML5 ayikongeza kuphela inani elitsha kwiilwimi, kodwa yenza lula kakhulu i-muchof i-syntax ye-HTML, kuquka i-Meta Charset element.Ku-HTML5, unokongeza i-encoding yakho yomntu ngokulula ukukhumbula i-syntax yesixhobo seMETA ubona ngezantsi:
Thelekisa le syntax elula kwizinto esizibhale ekuqaleni kwalesi nqaku, i-syntax yakudala esetyenziselwa i-HTML4, kwaye uza kubona ukuba kulula kangakanani ukubhala kwaye ukhumbule inguqulo ye-HTML5. Endaweni yokufuna ukukopisha kwaye unamathisele oku kusuka kwisayithi ekhoyo ukuya kuyo nawuphi na omtsha owawusebenza kuwo, le nto yinto enokuthi uyikhumbule. Ukulondolozwa kwexesha ezininzi akuninzi, kodwa xa uqwalasela ezinye iindawo ze-syntax i-HTML5 elula, ukugcinwa kwongeza!
Njalo uquka i-Character Encoding
Kufuneka uhlale uquka ikhowudi yekhowudi kumaphepha akho ewebhu, nokuba awunakuze uhlose iifayile ezikhethekileyo . Ukuba awufaki udidi lwekhowudi, i-site yakho isengozini ekuhlaselweni kwesiteyimu somgca we-site usebenzisa i-UTF-7.
Kule meko, i-anattacker ibona ukuba indawo yakho ayikho ikhowudi echazwe ngokucacileyo, ngoko i-trick isiphequluli ekucingeni ukuba udidi lwekhowudi lwekhasi ngokwenene ngu-UTF-7. Emva koko, umhlaseli uyalima i-UTF-7 ekhompyutheni ekhompyutheni kwiphepha lewebhu kwaye isayithi yakho iyagxeka. Oku kubonakala kuyinkathazo kubo bonke abandakanyekayo, ukusuka kwinkampani yakho kwiindwendwe zakho. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba yinkinga elula ukuphepha - qiniseka ukuba ukongeza udidi lwekhowudi kwiifayile zakho zonke.
Kuphi ukufaka i-Character Encoding
Umlinganiso wokubhaliweyo wekhasi lewebhu kufuneka ube ngumgca wokuqala we-HTML
Ukusebenzisa iIhloko zeHTTP zoKhuseleko oluKongeza
Ungacacisa kwakhona udidi lwekhowudi kwiibhloko zeHTTP. Oku kukhuseleke ngakumbi kunokuba uyifake kwikhasi le-HTML, kodwa unqwenela ukufikelela kwiinkqubo zeseva okanye iifayili .htaccess, oko kuthetha ukuba unokufuna ukusebenza kunye nomnikezeli wewebhusayithi yakho ukufumana olu hlobo lokufikelela okanye ukuba benze utshintsho kuwe. Ukufikelela kunzima kunzima apha. Utshintsho ngokwalo lulula, ngoko nawuphi na umniki-mpahla unokukwazi ukwenza olu tshintsho lwakho ngokulula.
Ukuba usebenzisa i-Apache, unokusetha isilathisi esifanelekileyo kwisayithi yakho yonke ngokungongeza: AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 kwifayile yakho .htaccess . Uhlobo lwe-Apache olungaguqukiyo luhlobo lwe- ISO-8859-1 .