Iipakethi zokutshintsha iipakethi ziquka i-IP kunye ne-X-25
Ukupakisha ipakethe yindlela esebenzisa ezinye iiprotokholi zokunxibelelana kweekhompyutheni ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kumnxeba wengingqi okanye kude. Imizekelo yeeprototi zokuguqulela iipakethi ziyiReferensi yeReferensi , i- IP kunye ne- X.25 .
Indlela iPetet Switching Works
Ukupakisha ipakethe kubandakanya ukuphula idatha kwiqela leenxalenye ezifakwe kwiipunithi ezifomathiweyo ezibizwa ngamapakethi. Ezi ziqhelekileyo zihanjiswa ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwindawo ekuya kuyo usebenzisa i- switch switches kunye nee-routers kwaye ke idatha iyafana kwakhona kwindawo ekuya kuyo.
Iipakethe ngalinye liqukethe ulwazi lweedilesi oluchonga ikhompyutha yokuthumela kunye nommkeli ojoliswe kuyo. Ukusebenzisa ezi dilesi, ukutshintsha i-network kunye nee-routers zichonga indlela engcono yokuhambisa iipakethi phakathi kwe "hops" endleleni eya kuyo. Kukho iinkonzo ezikhululekile ezifana neWireshark ukukunceda ukuba uthathe kwaye ubukele idatha xa kuyimfuneko.
Yintoni iHop?
Kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi, i-hop imele enye inxalenye yendlela epheleleyo phakathi komthombo kunye nokuya kuyo. Xa uxoxisana nge-intanethi, umzekelo, idatha idlula kwinombolo yezixhobo eziphakathi ezibandakanya ii-routers kunye noshintsho kunokuba ziqhume ngqo kwi-wire eyodwa. Ngaloo ndlela ifowuni yenza ukuba idatha ixhomeke phakathi kokuxhunywa kwenethiwekhi enye kunye nenye.
Inani lokukhuphela limela inani elipheleleyo leefayili iipakethi echaniweyo yedatha idlulayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iiphakethe ezithe xaxa iipakethe zedatha mazihambelane ukuze zifike kwindawo yazo, ukukhululeka kokudluliselwa kwexesha okufakwe kuyo.
Izixhobo zesevisi ezinjenge- ping zingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga inani lokukhupha ukuya kwindawo ethile. I-Ping yenza iipakethi ezibandakanya intsimi egcinelwe ukubala kwebala. Isikhathi ngasinye isisombululo esifanelekileyo sifumana la mapakethi, eso sixhobo sitshintsha iipakethe, ukwandisa inani le-hop. Ukongezelela, ifowuni ithelekisa inani le-hop ngokumisela umda kwaye lilahla ipakethi ukuba inani layo le-hop liphezulu kakhulu. Oku kuvimbela iipakethi ukusuka ngokungapheliyo kwi-intanethi ngenxa yokuphambuka kwezithuthi.
Iimveliso kunye nemiSebenzi yePakethe yokutshintshwa
Ukupakisha iipakethi yindlela efanelekileyo yokutshintshela iiprotokto zokutshintshwa kwimiqulu yeefowuni kunye namaxesha athile kunye noxhumano lwe- ISDN .
Xa kuthelekiswa nokutshintshwa kwesekethe, ukupakisha iipakethi kunika oku kulandelayo:
- PRO. Ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwendlela yokuhamba yomnatha wendlela yonxibelelwano ngenxa yokuguqulwa kweendlela zokuhambisa iipakethi ezincinci malunga nezixhumanisi ezabelwana ngazo.
- PRO. Iipakethe zokuguqula iipakethi zihlala zincinci ukuzakhela njengezixhobo ezingaphantsi.
- PRO. Ukuthembeka. Ukuba ipakethe ayifiki kulindeleke kwindawo ekuya kuyo, ikhompyutha efumanayo ifumanisa ipakethe enye ilahlekile kwaye izicelo zayo ziyakuchukunyiswa.
- PRO. Ukupakisha iipakethi kunikezela ngokuphindaphinda ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba nayiphi na ididi ekuhambeni kwayo iphumelele.
- CON. Ukulibaziseka ixesha elide ekufumaneni imilayezo ngenxa yexesha elifunekayo lokupakisha kunye neendlela zokupakisha. Kwiimfuno ezininzi, ukulibaziseka akulona ixesha elide lokuba luncedo, kodwa kwizicelo eziphezulu zokusebenza njengevidiyo yangempela-time, iteknoloji eyongezelelweyo ye-Quality of Service (QoS) iyafuneka ukuba kufezekiswe amanqanaba okusebenza afunekayo.
- CON. Ubungakanani beengozi zoxhumo lwenethiwekhi lukhoyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhumanisi eziphathekayo. Iiprotokholi kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene namanethiwekhi amanqanaba okupakisha kufuneka zihambelane nezikhuselo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
- CON. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo alinakulinganiswa.