01 ngo 08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Izinto eziqhathaniswayo
Kwinqanaba langaphambili le-BASH tutorial sibheke iingxelo ezingqinelanayo .
Esi sikhokelo saside kakhulu kodwa sibonisa kuphela indlela yokulawula ukuhamba kweengcamango. Esi sikhokelo sikhombisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo onokuzithelekisa ngazo izinto eziguqukayo.
Umfanekiso ongasentla ukhombisa umzekelo wokuqala kule khokeli yeveki:
#! / bin / bash
igama1 = "gary"
igama2 = "bob"ukuba ["igama elithi "1" = "igama elithi $2"]
ngoko
bhala "amagama afana"
enye
phendula "amagama ahambelani"
fi
Kulo mbhalo okhankanywe ngasentla ndichaze iinguqu ezimbini ezibizwa ngegama1 kunye negama2 kwaye zabanika ixabiso "gary" nelithi "bob". Njengoko iinguqu ziqulethwe phakathi kwamanqaku okucaphuna abizwa ngokuba yimiguqu yezinto ezinokubaluleka xa uqeqesho luqhubeka.
Yonke into ebhaliweyo idibanisa ixabiso legama legama le-$1 kunye negama legama le-$2 kwaye xa zidibanisa ukuvelisa umtya "amagama adibeneyo" kwaye ukuba avelanga umtya "amagama ahambelani".
Amanqaku okucaphuna ajikeleze igama le-$1 kunye neefayile zegama2 ezibalulekileyo zibalulekile kuba ukuba ixabiso leyodwa kubo alizange lisetyenziswe kwaye iskripthi sisasebenza.
Ngokomzekelo ukuba igama le-$1 alizange libekwe kwaye uza kuthelekisa "" kunye no "bob". Ngaphandle kwamanqaku okucaphulwa uya kushiywa nge = "bob" ehluleka ngokucacileyo.
Ungayisebenzisa kwakhona! = Ukwahlula ukuchaza ukuba alingani nalolu hlobo lulandelayo:
ukuba ["igama legama1"! = "igama elithi $2"]
02 ngo 08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuqhathanisa izixhobo
Kulo mzekelo ukhankanywe ngasentla uvavanyo lufanisa iintambo ezimbini ezifanayo kwaye kubuza umbuzo u-gary ufike ngaphambi kokuba u-bob azalwe?
Ngokucacileyo impendulo ayikho.
Iskripthi singenisa ngaphantsi komqhubi (<). Njengoko umgcini ongaphantsi kwee-asetyenziswayo ukulungiswa kwakhona kufuneka ubaleke kunye ne-slash (\) kuyo ukuba uthethe ngaphantsi kweyona nto ebhaliweyo ngasentla ndifanisa "igama legama" $ 1 "\ <" igama legama ".
Okuchasene noko kuncinci kunkulu kunokuba. Endaweni yokusebenzisa \
Umzekelo
ukuba ["igama legama1" \ "" igama elithi $2 "]
03 we-08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuqhathanisa izixhobo
Ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya ukuba iguquguquko inenani, unokusebenzisa uvavanyo olulandelayo:
ukuba [-i-$ igama2]
Kwiphepha elingasentla ndandivavanya ukuba i-name2 yegama linikezelwe ixabiso kwaye ukuba akusiyo umyalezo "Akukho bob, akukho nto ibonakalayo".
04 we-08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuqhathanisa izixhobo
KwiSilayidi esedlulileyo sifikelele ukuba i-variable ifakiwe okanye ayikho. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba utshintsho lunokuba lubekwe kodwa lungenako ukuba lube nexabiso.
Njengokuba:
igama1 = ""
Ukuvavanya ukuba iguquguquko inenani okanye ayikho (oko kukuthi ubude bezero) sebenzisa -z ngale ndlela:
ukuba [-z $ igama1]
Esi sikhankanywe ngasentla ndibeke igama leedola igama1 kwintambo yobude be-zero uze uyiqhathanise usebenzisa i-z. Ukuba igama le-1 liyi-zero ubude umyalezo "gary uphumile ngokuhlwa" iya kuboniswa.
05 ka 08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuthelekisa iinombolo
Kule ndlela yonke into eqhathaniswayo ibe yimizila. Kuthekani ngokuthelekisa amanani?
Iskripthi esingentla sibonisa umzekelo wokuthelekisa amanani amabini:
#! / bin / bash
= = 4
b = 5ukuba [i $ a = $ b]
ngoko
phendula "4 = 5"
enye
u-echo "4 akalingani 5"
fi
Ukusetha ukuguquguquka ukuba inombolo ibekwe nje ngaphandle kwamanqaku okucaphuna. Unako ukuthelekisa amanani kunye nomqondiso wokulingana.
Ndikhetha ukanti ukusebenzisa umsebenzisi olandelayo ukuthelekisa amanani amabini:
Ukuba [i-$ a -eq $ b]
06 we-08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuthelekisa iinombolo
Ukuba ufuna ukuthelekisa nokuba inani liphantsi kwelinye inombolo ungasebenzisa ngaphantsi komqhubi (<). Njengoko kunye nemicu kufuneka ubaleke ngaphantsi komqhubi nge-slash. (\ <).
Indlela engcono yokuthelekisa iinombolo kukusebenzisa oku kulandelayo:
- Ngaphantsi kwe-
- Ngaphantsi okanye kulingana ne-
- Mkhulu kune-gt
- Mkhulu kunelo okanye ulingana no -ge
Umzekelo:
ukuba [i-$ a -lt $ b]
ukuba [i-$ a -le $ b]
ukuba [i-$ a -ge $ b]
ukuba [i-$ a-gt $ b]
07 ka 08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Ukuthelekisa iinombolo
Ekugqibeleni kwesi sikhokelo, ukuba ufuna ukuvavanya ukuba ngaba amanani amabini ahlukileyo ungasebenzisa nokuba ngaphantsi komkhulu kunabasebenzisi (<>) okanye -ne ngale ndlela:
ukuba [i-$ <<$ b]
ukuba [i-$ a -ne $ b]
08 ka 08
Isikhokelo sokuqala kwi-BASH - Abaqhathanisi abasebenzisi - Isishwankathelo
Ukuba ulahlekile iindawo ezintathu zokuqala kwesi sikhokelo ungazifumana ngokuchofoza ezi zilandelayo:
Kwinqanaba elilandelayo lesikhokelo ndiya kuhlanganisa i-arithmetic.