Iifayili zeeNkonzo zeLuxux IiFiji eziziwayo kakuhle
Iinkqubo zokusebenza ze- UNIX zigcina oko kubizwa ngokuba yifayile yesevisi kwi / etc / iinkonzo. Igcina ulwazi malunga neenkonzo ezininzi ukuba izicelo zabasebenzisi zingasebenzisa kwikompyutha. Kule fayili igama lenkonzo, inombolo yefowuni kunye neprotocol esebenzayo, kunye naziphi na izivumelwano zokusebenza.
Inombolo yeenkuni ihlelwe kwiinkonzo ezithile ngokufana nefayile yemikhosi kwiikhompyutheni ze-Windows imephu yegama lomkhosi kwidilesi ye - IP . Nangona kunjalo, iifayile zeenkonzo ze-UNIX zesevisi azibandakanyi idilesi ze-IP kodwa kunoko ulwazi olunjengekuthi inkonzo leyo i-TCP okanye i-UDP kwaye yiyiphi amagama aqhelekileyo anokuhamba ngayo.
Umhleli wombhalo olula ungasetyenziselwa ukuhlela / etc / iinkonzo zefayile, njengeVim okanye Kate.
Umzekelo weFayile yeNkonzo ye-UNIX
Kwi-UNIX, indima ebalulekileyo yefayile yokucwangcisa / njl / iinkonzo ukwenzela ukuba iinkqubo zenze i -portportname () iziseko zifowuni kwiikhowudi zazo ukuze ziqonde ukuba ziphi izibuko okufanele zizisebenzise. Umzekelo, i-daemon ye-imeyile ye-POP3 iya kwenza igama le -portport (POP3) ukwenzela ukufumana inombolo 110 i-POP3 isebenza ngayo.
Ingcamango kukuba ukuba zonke iidemon ze-POP3 zisebenzisa i-passportbyname (), ngoko kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi i-daemon ye-POP3, unako ukuhlaziya kwakhona inombolo yayo ye-port ngokuhlela / njl / iinkonzo.
Qaphela: Kuthenjwa ukusetyenziswa kwefayile yesevisi ukwenzela ukuba uqonde ukuba yeyiphi iinqununu zamanqaku. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ukuba zeziphi iiprogram ezisetyenzisiweyo, kufuneka usebenzise le nkqubo ukuze ukwazi ukuba yiziphi iindawo eziphathekayo ezibophelelwe kuyo. Ukuba ukuqhuba i-lsof ayifanelekanga, ngoko kufuneka uphando ngeechwep ngokubhekiselele kwi-generic reference.
Zonke iifayile zesevisi zilandela i- syntax efanayo:
Igama lebhanki / iprotocol yokunika izimvoNangona kunjalo, i-alias kunye neenkcazo zokungena kuzo zonke iinkcukacha azidingekile, njengoko ubona kulo mzekelo ifayile yeenkonzo:
I-cat cat / njl / iinkonzo # # I-copyright 2008 I-Sun Microsystems, Inc. Wonke amalungelo agcinwe. # Ukusetyenziswa kuxhomekeke kwimimiselo yelayisenisi. Iinkonzo # @ # (#) 1.34 08/11/19 I-SMI "# # Iinkonzo zenethiwekhi, isitayela se-intanethi # tcpmux 1 / tcp echo 7 / tcp echo 7 / udp ukulahla 9 / tcp cima ulahleke ulahle 9 / udp sink null system 11 / tcp abasebenzisi bemini ngosuku 13 / tcp imini-day 13 / udp netstat 15 / tcp ukuhlawula 19 / tcp ttytst umthombo ukuhlawula 19 / udp ttytst source ftp-data 20 / tcp ftp 21 / tcp ssh 22 / tcp # Shell telnet 23 / tcp smtp Ixesha le-25 / tcp leposi 37 / tcp timserver ixesha 37 / udp timserver igama 42 / udp nameserver whois 43 / tcp igama lomntu # ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-sri-nic swat 901 / tcp # I-Web Adm.Tool servicetag 6481 / tpp snicd 161 / udp snmp # SMA snmp daemon ye $