I-ATM ingumfanekiso we-Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Yinkqubo yokunxibelelana kwee-high speed eyenzelwe ukuxhasa uxhulumaniso lwezwi, ividiyo kunye nedatha, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenzisa kunye nomgangatho wenkonzo (ii-QoS) kwiinkanki zendlela.
I-ATM isidla ngokusetyenziswa ngababoneleli ngeenkonzo ze-intanethi kumanethiwekhi athile omde omde. I-ATM isebenza kwicala loqhagamshelwano lwekhonkco (I-Layer 2 kwi- OSI model ) ngaphezu kwefayibha okanye ikhebula eliphambeneyo.
Nangona iqhubela phambili ekuthandeni i-NGN (inethiwekhi yomzukulwana olandelayo), le protocol ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-backbone yeSONET / SDH, i-PSTN (inethiwekhi yomnxeba kawonkewonke) kunye ne-ISDN (iNxibelelwano yeNethiwekhi yeeNkonzo eziManyeneyo).
Qaphela: i- ATM ibemi ngomatshini wokutshintsha umatshini . Ukuba ufuna uhlobo lwenethiwekhi ye-ATM (ukubona apho i-ATM ikhona khona), unokufumana i-ATM Locator okanye i-ATM Locator ye-Mastercard ukuba ibe luncedo.
Indlela ATM Network Works ngayo
I-ATM ihluke kwiikhompyutheni zekhonkco zedatha eziqhelekileyo njenge- Ethernet ngeendlela ezininzi.
Ngenye, i-ATM isebenzisa indlela yokuhamba. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa isofthiwe, ii-hardware ezizinikezelweyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi- ATM switches ziqhagamshelanisa ukuxhomekeka kweendawo-point-to-point phakathi kwexesha lokugqibela kunye nokuhamba kwedatha ngqo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kwindawo eya kuyo.
Ukongeza, endaweni yokusebenzisa iipakethi ezide eziguquguqukayo ezifana ne-Ethernet kunye ne-Intanethi ye-intanethi, i-ATM isebenzisa iiseli ezizimeleyo ukudibanisa idatha. Ezi iistim ze-ATM zingama-53 bytes ubude, ezibandakanya ii-bytes ezingama-48 kunye ne-five bytes ngolwazi lweentloko.
Iselinye ngasinye sisenziwa ngexesha labo. Xa kugqityiwe, inkqubo iya kuthi umnxeba olandelayo usebenze. Yingakho kuthiwa yi- asynchronous ; akukho namnye kubo ohamba ngexesha elifanayo malunga namanye amaseli.
Unxibelelwano lunokuqalwa kwangaphambili ngumnikezeli wesevisi ukwenza isiphaluli esinikezelweyo / esigxina okanye ukutshintshi / ukusetyenzwa kwimfuno kunye nokugqitywa ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Izindleko ezine zedatha zifumaneka rhoqo kwiinkonzo ze-ATM: I- Bit Rate Rate, i-Bitant Rate Rate, i-Bit Rate Rate ne- Variable Bit Rate (VBR) .
Ukusebenza kwe-ATM kudlalwa kubhalwe ngefom ye-OC (Optical Carrier) amanqanaba, ebhalwe ngokuthi "OC-xxx." Amanqanaba okusebenza aphakamileyo njengoko i-10 Gbps (OC-192) iyenzeka ngokuchanekileyo nge-ATM. Nangona kunjalo, eziqhelekileyo kwi-ATM ziyi-155 Mbps (OC-3) kunye ne-622 Mbps (OC-12).
Ngaphandle kokuhamba kunye neeseli ezinobunzima, amanethiwekhi angakwazi ukulawula lula ukuhamba ngaphantsi kwe-ATM kunamanye ubuchwepheshe njengo-Ethernet. Iindleko eziphezulu ze-ATM ezinxulumene ne-Ethernet yinto enye eye yanciphisa ukwamkelwa kwayo kwi- backbone nakweminye amanethiwekhi aphezulu, amanethiwekhi athile.
ATM engenazintambo
Inethiwekhi engenazintambo eneenkalo ze-ATM ibizwa ngokuba yi-ATM yeselula okanye i-ATM engena-wire. Olu hlobo lwenethiwekhi ye-ATM yenzelwe ukubonelela ngezonxibelelwano zeselula ezikhawulezayo.
Ngokufanayo nezinye iikhompyutheni ezingenazintambo, ii-ATM zamaseli zisasazwa kwisitishi esisezantsi kwaye zithunyelwa kwiziphephelo ezihambayo apho ukutshintsha kwe-ATM kwenza imisebenzi yokuhamba.
VoATM
Olunye ulandelelwano lweedatha oluthumela iipakethi zezwi, iividiyo kunye nedatha kwi-Intanethi ye-ATM ibizwa ngegama kwiNkqubo yokuTshintshiselwa kwe-Asynchronous (VoATM). Kufana neVoIP kodwa ayisebenzisi inkqubo ye-IP kwaye iyabiza kakhulu ukuphumeza.
Olu hlobo lwezothutho lwezwi lufakwe kwiipakethi ze-AAL1 / AAL2 ze-ATM.