Ngethuba elincinane kunye nomgudu, nabani na onokumisela isiseko somnatha wekhompyutheni yasekhaya. Amanethiwekhi asekhaya alula, nangona kunjalo, unikezela ngeqhezu elincinci lendlela inethiwekhi ehamba phambili yenza ngayo. Ukufumana uninzi kunethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kufuna utyalo-mali kwi-hardware engcono, isofthiwe eyongezelelweyo, kunye nokugcinwa kwindlela yokugqibela yezoshishino. Sebenzisa le khokelo ukuze ufunde indlela yokwakha umnxibelelwano olungcono kakhulu wena kunye nosapho lwakho.
Ukuphucula iKhaya leNkonzo ye-intanethi
Abantu abaninzi banokuphatha uxhumano lwe-Intanethi njengemva. Ngentshukumo ekufufuseni i-computing eqhubekayo, iintsapho zidinga ukuthembeka, ukufikelela okukhawulezileyo kuzo zonke ii-akhawunti zabo ze-intanethi kunye nedatha. Abanikezeli abaninzi be-intanethi banikela uluhlu lwezicwangciso zenkonzo kwiingongoma ezahlukeneyo zamanani. Ukubhaliselwa kwezicwangciso zesikhokelo sakho kunokuba usindise iidola ezimbalwa inyanga nganye kodwa ekugqibeleni ubiza iindleko ezininzi ngokwexesha kunye nokulula. Nangona ukunyuka okuncinci kumanani eenkcukacha kunokukhawulela imizuzu ebalulekileyo yokulandwa kwexesha elide kwaye ekugqibeleni kwenze ukuba ukwazi ukuhambisa yonke iifilimu ze-Netflix ngaphandle kwe-glitches.
Kwenziwe ntoni:
- Qha ga mshelana nazo zonke iinkonzo ze-intanethi eziphezulu kwiindawo zakho. Buza abamelwane ngeencomo, khangela kwi dslreports.com, kwaye ubukele izikhangiso zabaniki banikezeli abatsha abavula ukushishina. Phakathi kweendawo ezininzi zokunxibelelana kwe-intanethi , i-fiber ifaneleke ngakumbi.
- Ukuphucula isicwangciso sakho senkonzo ye-intanethi kwiindawo ezifumanekayo eziphezulu, abaguquleli xa kunesidingo. Qaphela ukuba inkonzo enhle ye-intanethi yekhaya ayikho enye nenani eliphezulu kwi-Mbps . I- latency yenethiwekhi (ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi- ping ) ye-Intanethi ye-intanethi inexabiso elilinganayo ukuba lingekho umphumo omkhulu kumsebenzi wokuphendula. Ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi - iinkonzo ezinexesha eliphantsi lokunciphisa okanye ukuhlaziywa ngokukhawuleza kokusebenza-kubalulekile.
- Cinga ukubhaliselwa kwinkonzo ye-intanethi ye-intanethi (ukuba ikhona). Ngokubuyisela itekiti ephezulu yamanani, abathengi be-intanethi bafumana inkxaso engcono yezobugcisa kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhetha ezifana nezantya zokulayisha eziphezulu. Ezi zicwangciso aziyikunyanzelisa iifowwidth caps .
- Yilungele ukusebenzisa i-Intanethi yeselula njengendlela yokuyeka ukuhamba ngexesha leentshukumo ngeenkonzo zasekhaya eziphambili zasekhaya. Ukubhalisa kwisicwangciso sedatha esisekela ukubetha kwenza ukuba ufikeleleke kwi-intanethi ukufikelela kwe-intanethi kwinqanaba lenethiwekhi yasekhaya, ngokufanelekileyo ukutshintsha ifowuni ibe yimodem .
I-Home Home Network I-Hardware Hardware Plumbing
Iimveliso ezintsha zehardware zifika kwindawo yokunxibelelana yasekhaya rhoqo. Ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezinikezelayo kubalulekile ekuphuculweni kwexesha elizayo. Isixhobo sakho senethiwekhi sekhaya esele sikwazi ukusebenza kwaye sinikezele inkxaso "enokwaneleyo" inkxaso iminyaka emininzi, kodwa ukugcina ukulungiswa komnatha wekhaya kukufuna ukuhlaziya rhoqo.
Iinqununu zasekhaya ezifanelekileyo zisebenzisa iindlela zokunxibelelana ezingenazintambo kunye nezisistim. Ii-routers ze-Broadband zikhonza njengendawo ephambili yale nethwekhi yasekhaya, exhasa uxhulumaniso lwe-Wi-Fi kunye ne- Ethernet . Ezi zithuthi ziye zaguquka ngokuthe ngcembe kwifom kwaye zisebenza ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-15 kwaye ziqhubeka nokongeza amandla amasha. Iimodemu ze-Broadband zifakela kule mizila yokukhusela ukwenzela ukuba i-router kunye nenethwekhi yasekhaya ye-intanethi yenkonzo ye-intanethi. Imveliso edibanisa i-router ebanzi kunye ne-modem kwiphakethi enye-ebizwa ngokuba yi-Internet gateways- ikhona.
Ezinye izixhobo zethungelwano kwi-intanethi yendlu (njengabashicileli benethiwekhi) idibanisa nge-Wi-Fi okanye i-Ethernet ngelixa abanye badibanisa nge- Bluetooth engenazintambo okanye i- USB . Isixhobo ngasinye somnxeba wasekhaya sinomsebenzisi ohlukileyo kunye nomsebenzi wokumisela ukwenza ezi zixhobo. Uninzi lwezixhobo zenethiwekhi zentengiso ziyaxhuma kwi-Wi-Fi. Ezi zilandelayo zilandela imigaqo-siseko efanayo - ifowuni kufuneka ifumane i-router, yenza izicwangciso zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo ukuba zilungele ukujoyina inethiwekhi, kwaye ufumane idilesi ye-IP evumelekileyo. (Ngaphezulu, funda indlela yokujoyina inethiwekhi engenazintambo kunoma iyiphi idivayisi ).
Kwenziwe ntoni:
- Sebenzisa ii-routers ezixhasa i-Wi-Fi yangoku ekhoyo (ngoku, 802.11ac ). Ukuba inethwekhi yakho ibandakanya (okanye iya kubandakanya kwixesha elisondeleyo elizayo), umthengi angaphezu komnye odibanisa nge-5 GHz Wi-Fi, sebenzisa i- rou-band ye-Wi-Fi router .
- Qinisekisa ukuba ingaba umnatha wakho wekhaya kufuneka abe ne-router enye kuphela, nokuba ufanele usebenzise ukusethwa kwe-router ezimbini , nokuba ngaba ufuna i -network-wire network ye-network . Yiyiphi enye yezi zikhethi ezifanelekileyo zixhomekeka kwiimeko zasekhaya.
- Faka i-router ebanzi kunye ne-modem ye-modem hardware ngokwahlukileyo; musa ukusebenzisa iIntanethi. Ukulawula ezi njengeeyunithi ezihlukeneyo kukunika imizekelo emininzi ye-router yokukhetha ukususela ekuphuculeni.
- Funda kwaye ulandele iindlela ezilungileyo zokusetha inethiwekhi yasekhaya kuquka apho ubeka khona ii-routers .
- Cinga ukuhlaziya i-router minyaka yonke ukuthabatha i-teknoloji yakutshanje-neyona ndlela. Nangona iteknoloji ye-modem ayitshintshi phantse kaninzi njengoko kubakwi-routers, jonga izinto ezintsha apha kunye kwaye ulungele ukuphucula i-modem yakho xa umboneleli wakho ephucula inethiwekhi yabo. (Isebenza ngokukodwa kwiimodemu zekhebula zeDOCSIS ).
Khuphukisa ixabiso leNkcazo yaseKhaya ngeZicelo
Ukufaka i-plumbing ye-network ye-top-of-line ayilunganga ngaphandle kokuba izicelo ezisebenzisekayo kwezi ziseko zifakwa kwakhona. Wonke umntu usebenzisa inethiwekhi yabo ukukhwela kwi-intanethi kwaye abaninzi banokubukela i-YouTube kunye ne-Netflix, kodwa amanxibelelwano asekhaya namhlanje akwenza okungakumbi.
Amanethiwekhi asekhaya asemgangathweni asebenzisa inkqubo yokulondoloza ngokuzenzekelayo. I-backups zenethiwekhi yasekhaya yenza iikopi zeenkcukacha ezixabisekileyo ezigcinwe kwiidivaysi ezahlukeneyo ekhaya kwaye zilondoloze kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Iinkonzo zokulondoloza kwi-intanethi zinceda ukuzenzekelayo inkqubo kwaye unikeze indawo yokugcina indawo, kodwa ukusekela ekhaya kungasetyenziselwa kusetyenziswe izixhobo eziphambili ze- Network Attached Storage (NAS) , esinye isisombululo esilungileyo kulabo abasenokungenakukhupha ukuthumela iifoto zabo zentsapho kwiinkcukacha ze-Intanethi.
Iikhamera zeWeb-wire ezingenazintambo ezingenazintambo ziphuculwe kwikhwalithi yevidiyo kwaye zinciphisa kwintengo kwiminyaka ukuya kwinqanaba apho kungekho ntanethi efanelekileyo yokuhlala ngaphandle kwabo. Ukufaka kunye nokunika ii-cams kwi-Web kumsebenzi wokubheka ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kungenzima kwaye kunceda ukuzisa uxolo lwentliziyo yengqondo.
Iinkqubo zokuzenzekelayo zasekhaya zenzeke nangaphambi kokuba i-Wi-Fi, kodwa iihlabathi ezimbini ziye zahlanganiswa kangcono kwiminyaka yamuva. Ukulawulwa okucwangcisiweyo kwiinkonzo zasekhaya nge-intanethi yekhaya ngumzekelo omnye wokulungelelanisa ukuba i-automation yekhaya ingazisa. I-Wi-Fi idibanise i-thermostats ezinokuthi umntu angakwazi ukulawula ngokusebenzisa i-smartphone yakhe, nangona ukusukela ekhaya, ayilungele kuphela kodwa angayigcina imali ebalulekileyo (kwiibhidi zesevisi).
Kwenziwe ntoni:
- Yonke inethiwekhi yeekhaya idinga inkqubo yokulondoloza ukukhusela iifoto zentsapho kunye nolunye ulwazi olubalulekileyo lwedijithali olulahlekileyo. Yenze kube yimpumelelo ukubeka enye indawo, nokuba ingafaki ukugcinwa kwangaphakathi okanye ukubhalisa kwinkonzo yokugcina inthanethi.
- Amakhaya anemibono eyahlukileyo malunga nezicelo zonxibelelwano zibaluleke kakhulu kubo. Cinga ngamathuba amaninzi akhoyo kwiimarike kwaye ibeka phambili izinto ezifunayo iintsapho zakho ukuba zifake kuqala. Qhubeka ukwandisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kunye nezicelo ezintsha zonke iinyanga ezimbalwa - uphuhliso lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya alunakwenziwa "ngokwenene."
Musa ukusika iiConer kwi-Network Security
Akukho mntu uthanda ukusebenzisa ixesha kwi-network network yokusekela ukhuseleko, kodwa kuthatha isiganeko esisodwa sokukhusela iingxaki ezinkulu kwiintsapho. Ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya luqala ngobuchwepheshe bezokukhusela i-Wi-FI njenge- WPA2 . Xa unqanda i-router entsha kwaye uyifake kwixesha lokuqala, ukhuseleko lwe-Wi-Fi lukhutshaziwe. Amakhaya angakwazi ukufaka nokuqhuba amanethiwekhi awo e-Wi-Fi ngaphandle kokuguqula.
Zonke ii-routs zethungelwano zivale izicwangciso zazo zokucwangcisa emva kwe-akhawunti yomsebenzisi womlawuli. Ukwenza utshintsho lwezitshixo, kufuneka ukwazi igama lomsebenzisi kunye nephasiwedi ukudibanisa ukuze ungene ngemvume. Ukuze wenze lula le nkqubo yokuseta inethiwekhi yasekhaya yokuqala, abakhiqizi bee router banikezela ngamagama abo abasebenzisi abaqhelekanga kunye namaphasiwedi (awaziwayo kwaye apapashwa kwi-Intanethi).
Olunye uhlobo olukhuselekile lokukhusela, izitshixo zomlilo , ukhusela ukhuseleko lwekhaya ukusuka kwindlela ekhohlakeleyo evela kwi-Intanethi. Iibhulogi zesebhanti ziqukethe izitshixo zomlilo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kwaye zigcine zivunyelwe ngokungahleli. Iikhompyutri kaninzi nazo zibawo umlilo (njengeWindows Firewall) endaweni.
Abaninzi bee-home routers baquka ukuxhaswa kwezixhobo zokunxibelelana ngeendwendwe . Ukusetha inethwekhi yeendwendwe kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kwaye yindlela efanelekileyo yokuvula intanethi yakho kwiindwendwe zasekhaya ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusethwa kwakho kwokhuseleko.
Kwenziwe ntoni:
- Funda kwaye ulandelele iindlela ezilungileyo zokukhusela ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi . Ukusuka ekulawuleni iphasiwedi ngokufanelekileyo ukunika iWPA2 ngokukhetha ngokufanelekileyo kwezitshixo, iiposiso kwicala lokukhusela ngaphezu kokukhusela.
- Sebenzisa amanethiwekhi amaninzi xa kunokwenzeka ukufumana iindwendwe kunokuba unikeze ukufikelela okupheleleyo kwintanethi yakho yasekhaya. Vala ukuthungelwano kwezivakalisi xa ungayisebenzisi ukuphepha iingozi ezingabalulekanga.