Ukunxibelelana kwe-IP yangasese (APIPA) yindlela yokwesekwa kwe- DHCP ye-Intanethi ye-intanethi ye-Intanethi 4 (IPv4) exhaswa yi-Microsoft Windows. Nge-APIPA, abathengi be-DHCP banokufumana iidilesi ze-IP xa iinkonzo ze-DHCP zingasebenzi. I-APIPA ikhona kuzo zonke iinguqulelo zeWindows eziquka iWindows 10.
Indlela APIPA isebenza ngayo
IiNethwekhi ezilungiselelwe ukulungisa i-dynamic depending kwi-DHCP iseva ukulawula idilesi yamakheli e-IP akhona. Nanini na i-Windows iklayenti lomthengi uzama ukujoyina inethiwekhi yendawo, idibanisa iseva ye-DHCP ukucela idilesi yayo ye-IP. Ukuba umncedisi we-DHCP uyeka ukusebenza, inethiwekhi yechungechunge igxininisa isicelo, okanye enye into eyenzekayo kwifowuni yeWindows, le nkqubo ingakwazi ukuphumelela.
Xa inkqubo ye-DHCP ihluleka, iWindows igawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo idilesi ye-IP ukusuka kwiziko langasese 169.254.0.1 ukuya ku- 169.254.255.254 . Ukusebenzisa i- ARP , abathengi baqinisekise ukuba idilesi ekhethiweyo ye-APIPA ihlukile kwi-intanethi ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo sokuyisebenzisa. Abaxhasi baqhubeka bejonga emva kweseva ye-DHCP kwixesha elide (ngokuqhelekileyo imizuzu emi-5) kwaye ubuyekeze iidilesi zabo ngokuzenzekelayo xa iseva ye-DHCP iphinda ikwazi ukwenza izicelo zenkonzo.
Zonke iifayile ze-APIPA zisebenzisa i-mask network default 255.255.0.0 kwaye zonke zihlala kwi- subnet efanayo.
I-APIPA inikwe amandla ngokungagqibekanga kwi-Windows naluphi na i-interface ye-PC yomnxibelelwano wenethiwekhi iqulunqwe kwi-DHCP. Kwizinto zeWindows ezifana ne- ipconfig , eli khetho libizwa ngokuba yi "Autoconfiguration". Isici sinokukhutshazwa ngumlawuli wekhompyutheni ngokuhlela iRejista ye-Windows kwaye usethe ixabiso elilandelayo elilandelayo kwi-0:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE / ISIXHENO / I-CurrentControlSet / IiNkonzo / i-TcpipParameters / IPAutoconfigurationInikwe amandla
Abalawuli benethiwekhi (kunye nabasebenzisi bekhompyutha ye-savvy) bawabona ezi dilesi ezikhethekileyo njengenhluleka kwinkqubo ye-DHCP. Zibonisa ukuxilwa kweengxaki zentengiso kuyadingeka ukuchonga nokulungisa isigqibo (s) sokuthintela i-DHCP ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Imida ye-APIPA
Iipelesi ze-APIPA aziwa kwiyiphi na idilesi yangasese ye-IP eyimfuneko echazwa yi-Intanethi yeProtocol ye-intanethi kodwa isetyenziselwe ukusetyenziswa kumanethiwekhi angingqi kuphela. Njengamakheli e-IP yangasese, iimvavanyo ze- ping okanye nayiphi na enye into yokuxhuma kwi-intanethi kunye namanye amanxibelelwano angaphandle akakwazi ukwenza amadivayisi APIPA ngokuthe ngqo.
I-APIPA zixhobo ezilungiselelwe zinokuqhagamshelana namadivayisi oontanga kwintanethi yabo yangaphakathi kodwa akakwazi ukuthetha ngaphandle kwayo. Ngelixa i-APIPA inikezela abathengi be-Windows idilesi e-IP esebenzayo, ayinikezeli umsebenzisi ngegama nameserver (i- DNS okanye i- WINS ) kunye needesi zeevenkile zesevisi njengeDHCP.
Amanethiwekhi asekuhlaleni afuneke azame ukwenza ngesandla amakheli kwi-APIPA ulwahlulo nezinye iingxabano zedilesi ze-IP ziya kubangela. Ukugcina inzuzo ye-APIPA inokubonisa ukungaphumeleli kwe-DHCP, abalawuli kufuneka bakuphephe ukusebenzisa ezo dilesi nayiphi na injongo kwaye endaweni yoko banciphise amanxeba abo ukusebenzisa ii-ad standard IPs.