Inkcazo: I-ARP (I-Address Resolution Protocol) iguqula i- Intanethi ye- intanethi ye- intanethi (i-IP) kwidilesi yechungechunge lwangaphakathi. Amanethiwekhi e-IP kuquka nee- Ethernet kunye ne- Wi-Fi zidinga i-ARP ukuze isebenze.
Imbali kunye nenjongo ye-ARP
I-ARP yaphuhliswa ekuqaleni kwee-1980 njengenjongo yokuguqulela idilesi ye-intetho yeenethiwekhi ze-IP. Ngaphandle kwe-Ethernet kunye ne-Wi-Fi, i-ARP iphinde ifakwe kwi- ATM , i- Token Ring , kunye nezinye iintlobo zenethiwekhi.
I-ARP ivumela inethwekhi ukulawula uxhulumaniso oluzimeleyo lwezixhobo eziphathekayo eziqhotyoshelweyo nganye. Oku kwenza ukuba iProtokholi ye-intanethi isebenze ngokuchanekileyo kunokuba bekufuneka ilawulwe iidilesi zazo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhompyutha kunye nezixhobo zangokuqobo.
I-ARP isebenza njani
I-ARP isebenza kwiCandelo 2 kwi- OSI . Inkxaso yeProtocol iphunyezwe kwisixhobo soqhubi lweenkqubo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi. I-intanethi ye-RFC 826 iinkcukacha zobuchwepheshe beprotocol equka ifomathi yepakethi kunye nokusebenza kwemilayezo yesicelo kunye nempendulo
I-ARP isebenza kwiinqununu ze-Ethernet kunye ne-Wi-Fi njengolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- I-adapters yomnxeba ziveliswa ngedilesi yangaphakathi efakwe kwi-hardware ebizwa ngokuba yi- Media Access Control (MAC) idilesi. Abaqapheli bayakukhathalela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi dilesi ze-6-byte (48-bit) zihlukile, njengoko i-IP incike kulezi zihlomelo ezikhethekileyo zokuhanjiswa komyalezo.
- Xa naliphi na ifowuni inqwenela ukuthumela idatha kwelinye i-target target, kufuneka kuqala iqonde idilesi ye- MAC yelo joliso linikezelwa idilesi ye-IP Le mappings ye-IP-kuya-MAC ivela kwi- ARP cache egcinwe kwisixhobo ngasinye.
- Ukuba idilesi ye-IP enikeziweyo ayibonakali kwisilondolozi secebo, loo fowuni ayikwazi ukuthumela imiyalezo kwilo thagethi ide ifumane imephu entsha. Ukwenza oku, isixhobo sokuqala sithumela isicelo somyalezo we- ARP kwisistim sommandla. Umncedisi kunye nedilesi ye-IP enikezelayo ithumela impendulo ye-ARP ngokuphendula kumbambano obanzi, ukuvumela isixhobo sokuqalisa ukuba sihlaziye i-cache yayo kwaye siqhubeke nokuhambisa imiyalezo ngqo kwijolise.
I-ARP eyahlukileyo kunye ne-ARP
Umgaqo-nkqubo wenethiwekhi obizwa nge-RARP (i-ARP i-ARP) kwakhona yaveliswa ngawo-1980 ukuxhasa i-ARP. Njengoko igama layo lithetha, i-RARP yenza umsebenzi ochaseneyo we-ARP, ukuguqula kwiidilesi zenethiwekhi zangaphandle kwiilalesi ze-IP ezinikezelwe kwezo zixhobo. I-RARP yenziwe ingagqibekanga ngu- DHCP kwaye ayisasetyenziswa.
Iprotocol ehlukeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Inverse ARP ixhasa kwakhona umsebenzi wokupaka imephu yedilesi. I-ARP engenayo ayisetyenziswanga kwiinkqubo ze-Ethernet okanye ze-Wi-Fi nokuba ingaba ngamanye amaxesha zifumaneka kwezinye iindidi.
ARP
Ukuphucula ukwenziwa kwe-ARP, ezinye iisetyenziselwano kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano zisebenzisa indlela yokunxibelelana ebizwa ngokuba yi-ARP engaxhaswanga apho ifowuni idlulisela umyalezo wesicelo se-ARP kwi-network yonxibelelwano yendawo yonxibelelwano ukuze ixelele ezinye iifayile zokuba khona kwazo.