I-Boot Sector Sector Virus ilawula ukuQala
I-drive enzima iqulethwe ngamacandelo amaninzi kunye namaqoqo amacandelo, anokuthi ahlukaniswe ngento ethiwa ukwahlula. Ukufumana yonke idata yolwazi phakathi kwala macandelo, icandelo lebhokisi le- boot isebenza njengendlela ye-Dewey Decimal system. I-disk ekhuni ibuye ne-Master Boot Record (MBR) ebeka kwaye isebenze yokuqala kwiphina iifayile ezifanelekileyo ezifunekayo ukuze kuqhutywe ukusebenza kwediski.
Xa i disk ifundwa, kuqala ifuna i-MBR, leyo idlulisela ukulawula kwicandelo lebhokisi, eliza ke linikezela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nento ekhoyo kwi disk nalapho ikhona khona. Icandelo lebhokisi ligcina nolwazi oluchonga uhlobo kunye neenguqu kwinkqubo yokusebenza i disk ifomathiweyo.
Ngokucacileyo, icandelo lebhokisi le-MBR okanye i-MBR igciwane elihlasela le ndawo kwi disk ibeka yonke into yokusebenza kweso disk engozini.
Qaphela : i-virus ye-boot yecandelo le-virus ye- rootkit , kwaye le migaqo isetyenziswa rhoqo.
IiNtsholongwane eziBaziwayo eziBaziwayo
I-virus yokuqala ye-boot yafunyanwa ngo-1986. Ubunzima obubumbeneyo, intsholongwane evela ePakistan kwaye isebenza ngendlela epheleleyo yokunyamezela, ukuthelela ii-flopies ezingama-360-Kb.
Mhlawumbi ininzi yegciwane le-virus yayingumhlaza we-Michelangelo owafumaniswa ngo-Matshi 1992. Michelangelo wayengumgcini we-MBR kunye ne-boot sector infectrr nge-6 ye-Payload payload. U-Michelangelo yiyintsholongwane yokuqala eyenza iindaba zehlabathi.
Indlela ye-Boot Sector Virus Spread
I-virus ye-boot yecandelo le-boot isasazeka ngeendaba zangaphandle, ezifana ne-USB drive okanye enye imidiya efana neCD okanye iDVD. Oku kuya kwenzeka xa abasebenzisi bengayishiyi i-media kwi-drive. Xa inkqubo iqaliswe ngokutsha, intsholongwane ihamba kwaye ihamba ngokukhawuleza njengenxalenye ye-MBR. Ukususa imidiya yangaphandle kule ndawo akusususwanga intsholongwane.
Enye indlela le ntsholongwane inokubamba ngayo ngokufakwe kwi-imeyile equlethe ikhowudi ye-boot virus. Xa sele ivuliwe, intsholongwane idibanisa kwikhompyutheni kwaye inokuyisebenzisa ngokunxulumene nohlu loqhagamshelwano lomsebenzisi ukuthumela iimpendulo ngokwazo kwabanye.
Iimpawu zeBhoot Sector Virus
Kunzima ukuba wazi ukuba sele unesifo sengculaza.Kodwa ixesha, nangona kunjalo, unokuba neengxaki zokufumana idatha okanye ulwazi lwamava luphela ngokupheleleyo. Ikhompyutheni yakho ingakwazi ukuqala ukuqala, kunye nomyalezo wephutha "I disk engavumelekanga" okanye "I disk system engavumelekanga."
Ukukhusela i-Virtual Sector Boot
Unokuthatha ulandelelwano lwamanyathelo okukhusela intsholongwane yecandelo okanye i-boot sector.
- Ukuphawula : Ngokucacileyo, inqanaba lokuqala lokukhuselwa naluphi na ugqirha lilindile: Ungalokothi ufake imidiya engaziwayo kwikhompyutheni yakho, kwaye ubulumko malunga neenkcukacha ze-email, izinamathiselo kunye nokulanda.
- Izixhobo zokukhusela ii-Anti-Virus : Nje ngokuba kubalulekile, nangona kunjalo, kukuthintela ngokusebenzisa isicatshulwa esinamandla kunye nokukhusela ithuluzi. I-Windows 10 ithupha ngeWindows Defender, ngelixa iinguqu zangaphambili zeWindows ne-Microsoft Security Essentials. UMicrosoft uncoma ukuthuthela kwiWindows Defender kulezi ziguqulelo zeWindows. Ukongezelela, kukho izixhobo ezinokuzikhethela ezihlawulelwayo kunye neentlawulo ezikhoyo, kuquka i-Malwarebytes ne-AdwCleaner yamahhala kunye noMcafee onamandla kakhulu kunye ne-Norton, phakathi kwabanye. A
- Qaphela : Ungalokothi usebenze iinkonzo ezimbini zokukhusela ii-virus ngexesha elifanayo kuba umntu unokukhubaza omnye. Ukuba unqwenela ukusebenzisa izicelo ezininzi, khubaza omnye ngaphambi kokusebenzisa omnye.
- Uhlaziyo lweSofthiwe : Gcina isofthiwe yakho ihlaziywe kuba abaphuhlisi beprojekthi bavelisa ngokukhawuleza ama-patches kunye nokulungiswa kwezimbobo zokukhusela eziye zaphulwa ngabagculi kunye neentsholongwane.
- Izikhokelo : Ukwenza i-backups kuphela kwedatha kodwa isilondolozo se-disk sokukhupha sinokukunceda ukuba uphinde uphume kwimeko yesigaba se-boot okanye i-rootkit virus. Nangona oku akusikho isicwangciso sokukhusela, kufuneka senziwe ngaphambi kokuba ufumane intsholongwane.
Ukufumana kwakhona kwi-Virtual Sector Boot
Ngenxa yokuba i-virus ye-boot yecandelo le-boot inokuthi idibanise icandelo le-boot, kunokuba kunzima ukuyifumana.
Okokuqala, zama ukukhupha kwindawo ekhuselekile yokukhusela . Ukuba ungangena kwimodi ekhuselekileyo, unokuqhuba iinkqubo zakho zokulwa nentsholongwane ukuze uzame ukususa intsholongwane.
I-Windows Defender ngoku ibuye ibonelele nge-"offline" inguqulelo yokuba iya kukukhuphela ukuba uyikhusele kwaye isebenze ukuba ayikwazi ukususa intsholongwane. Windows Defender Offline iluncedo ekujonganeni ne-rootkit kunye ne-boot sector kwicars virus kuba ihlalutya ikhomputer yakho ngelixa i-Windows ayisebenzisiyo-ithetha ukuba intsholongwane ayisebenzanga, nokuba nayo. Ungakwazi ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kulo mbandela ngokuya kwiiSettings , Update & Security , kunye neWindows Defender . Khetha Khetha ukuKhupha ngaphandle .
Ukuba akukho software yokukhusela intsholongwane iyakwazi ukuchonga, ukuhlukanisa okanye ukuxhomekeka kwintsholongwane, ungadinga ukuguqula i-hard disk yakho ngokupheleleyo njengesigqibo sokugqibela.
Kule meko, uya kuvuya ukuba wadala i-backups!