I-Integrated Layer Architecture
I- Optional Interconnection ye-Open Systems (OSI) imodeli yenkcazo iye yinto ebalulekileyo yoyilo lwenethiwekhi yecomputer ukususela ekuqinisekiseni kwayo ngo-1984. I-Osi yindlela engabonakaliyo malunga nendlela iisetyenziselwano zethungelwano kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zidibanise kwaye zisebenze kunye (zisebenzisana).
Imodeli ye-OSI yimiqathango yekhnoloji egcinwe yi-International Standards Organization (ISO). Nangona ubuchwephesha banamhlanje abuhambisani ngokupheleleyo nomgangatho, luhlala luyilungiselelo eluncedo ekufundeni ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi.
I-OSI Model Stack
Umzekelo we-OSI uhlukanisa umsebenzi oxakile wokunxibelelana kwekhompyuter-to-computer, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa nge- intanethi esebenzayo, kwinqanaba leendidi ezaziwa njengeziqendu. Izithuba kwi-OSI imodeli ziyalwe ukusuka kwinqanaba eliphantsi ukuya phezulu. Ngokubambisana, ezi ziqulathe ziquka ukufakwa kwe-OSI. Umgca uqulethe iindidi ezisixhenxe kumacandelo amabini:
Uluhlu oluphezulu:
- 7. isicelo
- 6. intetho
- 5. seseshoni
Iziqendu eziphantsi:
- 4. zothutho
- 3. intanethi
- 2. ikhonkco yedatha
- 1. emzimbeni
Uluhlu oluphezulu lwe-OSI Model
I-OSI icwangcisa isicelo, isethulo, kunye neeseshoni zeeseshoni ze-stack njengemigca ephezulu . Ngokuqhelekileyo, isofthiwe kulezi ziqendu yenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo yohlobo olufana nokufometha kwedatha, ukubhalwa kwemfihlo kunye nokulawula uxhulumaniso.
Imizekelo yezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwi-OSI model i- HTTP , i- SSL , ne-NFS.
Uluhlu oluphantsi lwe-OSI Model
Izalathisi ezisezantsi zeModeli ye-OSI zinikezela ngemisebenzi enxulumene nemisebenzi yenkonzo njengendlela yokuhamba, ukulungisa kunye nokulawula ukuhamba. Imizekelo yobuchwepheshe obuncinci kwi-OSI model i- TCP , IP , ne- Ethernet .
Iinzuzo ze-OSI Model
Ngokuhlukanisa uxhulumaniso lwenethiwekhi kwiinqununu ezincinci, umzekelo we-OSI ulula indlela iiprotokto zenethiwekhi ezenziwe ngayo. Imodeli ye-OSI yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo (njengama- adapters enethiwekhi, ii-hubs kunye nee-routers ) ziya kuhambelana zonke, nokuba zakhiwe ngabakhiqizi abahlukeneyo. Imveliso evela kumthengisi wezixhobo zomnatha omnye osebenzisa ukusebenza kwe-OSI Layer 2, umzekelo, kuya kuba nzima ukusebenzisana nomnye umthengisi we-OSI Layer 3 umveliso kuba babathengisi balandela umzekelo ofanayo.
I-model ye-OSI yenza kwakhona ukucwangciswa koxhumo lwezonxibelelwano ngokubanzi ngakumbi njengoko iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nezinye iinkonzo zethungelwano ngokulula kulula ukuzongeza kwizakhiwo ezikhethiweyo kunokuba i-monolithic enye.