I-PCI Express Inkcazo
I-PCI Express, ngokwezixhobo zePrayipharal Component Interconnect Express Express kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ibonwa njenge- PCI okanye i- PCI-E , uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuqhagamshelana kwezixhobo zangaphakathi kwikompyutha.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-PCI Express ibhekisela kwiindawo zokunweba ezikhoyo kwibhodi le- motherboard elwamkela amakhadi okwandiswa kwe-PCIe kunye neentlobo zamakhadi ezandiso ngokwawo.
I-PCI Express iye yatshintsha i- AGP kunye ne-PCI, ezo zombini zatshintshela uhlobo oluxhomekeke kuninzi oluxhasayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-ISA.
Nangona iikhomputha zingabandakanya ukudibanisa iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokunyuselwa kwee-slots, i-PCI Express ithathwa njenge-interface yangaphakathi. Uninzi lwamabhodi omama ekhompyutheni namhlanje lenziwa kuphela nge-PCI Express slots.
I-PCI Express Work?
Ngokufana nemigangatho endala efana ne-PCI kunye ne-AGP, isicatshulwa esisekelwe kwi-PCI Express (njengalowo uboniswe kwisithokiso kweli phepha) ngokubonakalayo kwisilayidi se-PCI Express kwibhodi ye-motherboard.
Ubunxibelelwano bePCI Express buvumela ukukhulumisana okukhulu phakathi kwecebo kunye nebhodi lebhodi, kunye nezinye iirdware .
Ngexesha elingaqhelekanga, inguqu yangaphandle ye-PCI Express ikhona kwakhona, ingabizi ngokuzibiza ngokuba yi- External PCI Express kodwa iyancishiswa ngokufutshane kwi- ePCIe .
Iifayile zePCIe, zingaphandle, zidinga ikhebula ekhethekileyo ukuxhuma nayiphi na into yangaphandle, iPCIe isetyenziswe kwikhompyutheni nge-ePCIe port, edlalwa kwindawo yangemva kwikhomputha, enikezwa yiboardboard okanye kwikharityhulam ekhethekileyo yePCIe.
Ziziphi iindidi zeCCI Express Cards ezikhoyo?
Ngombulelo wemidlalo yevidiyo kunye neendlela zokulungisa iividiyo, ngokukhawuleza kunye nemifanekiso yamabonakude, iikhamera zevidiyo zaziyimimandla yokuqala yeekhompyutheni zekhompyutha ukuba zisebenzise ngokuphuculweyo ukuphuculwa kwe-PCIe.
Nangona iikhadi levidiyo ngokukhawuleza kusekhona uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwekhadi le-PCI oza kulufumana, ezinye iifowuni ezincedwa ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kwi-motherboard, i- CPU kunye ne- RAM ziyakwenziwa ngokukwenziwa ngokuxhamla kwi-PCIe endaweni ye-PCI.
Ngokomzekelo, amanqaku amaninzi aphezulu aphezulu asebenzisa i-PCI Express, njengoko kwenza inani elinyukayo lamakhadi anxibelelwano womnatha kunye nocingo.
Amakhadi okulawula umqhubi we-hard drive angabanceda kakhulu kwi-PCIe emva kwamakhadi evidiyo. Ukuqhagamshela i-SSD yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwinqwelo-mgca ye-bandwidth interface ivumela ukufundwa ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, kwaye kubhalwa kwi-drive. Abanye abalawuli be-hard drive ye-PCI badibanisa i-SSD eyakhelwe kuyo, iguqule ngokucacileyo ukuba izixhobo zokugcina zixhunyiwe njani ngaphakathi kwikhompyutha.
Ngokuqinisekileyo nge-PCI ithatha i-PCI kunye ne-AGP ngokupheleleyo kuma-motherboards amasha, malunga naluphi na uhlobo lwekhadi lokunyuselwa kwangaphakathi elithembele kwezo zangaphakathi zangaphakathi zihlaziywa ukuxhasa i-PCI Express. Oku kufaka izinto ezifana namakhadi okwandiswa kwe- USB, amakhadi e-Bluetooth, njl.
Ziziphi iifom ezahlukeneyo zePCI Express?
I-PCI Express x1 ... I- PCI Express 3.0 ... I- PCI Express x16 . Kuthetha ntoni 'x'? Uyazi njani ukuba ikhompyutha yakho isekela yiphi na? Ukuba unayo ikhadi le- PCI Express x1 kodwa unalo kuphela i- PCI Express x16 port, ngaba oko kusebenza? Ukuba akunjalo, ziziphi iindlela ozikhethayo?
Udidekile? Musa ukukhathazeka, awuyedwa!
Ngokuqhelekileyo akusoloko kucacile xa uthengela ikhadi lokunyusa kwikhompyutheni yakho, njengekhadi levidiyo elitsha, yiyiphi iikhompyutheni ezahlukeneyo ze-PCIe esebenza kunye nekhompyutha yakho okanye into engcono kunomnye.
Nangona kunjalo, njengento enzima njengoko yonke ibonakala, yinto elula kakhulu xa uqonda ezi zibini ezibalulekileyo zolwazi malunga ne-PCIe: inxalenye echaza ubungakanani bendalo, kunye nenxalenye echaza inguqulo yetheknoloji, zombini ichazwe ngezantsi.
Ubukhulu bePCI: x16 vs x8 vs x4 vs x1
Njengoko isihloko sibonisa, inombolo emva kokuba x ibonisa ubungakanani bobukhulu bekhadi lePCI okanye i-slot, kunye ne-x16 ibe yona mkhulu kwaye x1 yinto encinci.
Nantsi indlela ubukhulu obuhlukahlukeneyo bumba ngayo:
| Inani lePalati | Ubude | |
| I-PCI Express x1 | 18 | 25 mm |
| I-PCI Express x4 | 32 | 39 mm |
| I-PCI Express x8 | 49 | 56 mm |
| I-PCI Express x16 | 82 | 89 mm |
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba bunjani ubungakanani bendawo ye-PCI okanye ikhadi, inotshi engundoqo , loo ndawo encinane ekhadini okanye kwisiqendu, ihlala i- Pin 11 .
Ngamanye amazwi, ubude bePin 11 obuhlala bude njengoko usuka kwi-PCIe x1 ukuya kwi-PCIe x16. Oku kuvumela ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwamakhadi obunzima obukhulu kunye nemida yomnye.
Amakhadi e-PC afaneleka kuyo nayiphina i-PCIe slolot kwibhodi ye-motherboard okungenani enkulu njengoko kunjalo. Ngokomzekelo, ikhadi le-PCIe x1 liya kufumana naluphi na i-PCIe x4, i-PCIe x8, okanye i-PCIe x16 slot. Ikhadi le-PCI x8 liya kufumana kunoma iyiphi i-PCIe x8 okanye i-PCIe x16 slot.
Amakhadi e-PCI aphezulu kunokuba i-IPIe slolot ingafanelwa kwisitshixo esincinci kodwa kuphela ukuba eso slot se-PCI siphelile (oko kungenalo ukuyeka kwi-slot).
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ikhadi elikhulu le-PCI Express okanye isallothi lisekela ukusebenza okukhulu, kuthathwa ngamakhadi amabini okanye i-slots uthelekisa inkxaso yenguqu efanayo ye-PCIe.
Uyakwazi ukubona umfanekiso wesigxina esipheleleyo kwiwebhusayithi ye-pinouts.ru.
Iingxelo zePC: 4.0 vs 3.0 vs 2.0 vs 1.0
Naliphi na inombolo emva kwe-PCIe oyifumanayo kwimveliso okanye kwibhodi yebhodi ebonisa ukuba inombolo yenguqu yamuva yeenkcukacha zePCI Express ezisekelwayo.
Nantsi indlela iinguqu ezahlukeneyo zePCI Express zifanisa:
| I-Bandwidth (nge-lane) | I-Bandwidth (ngendlelana kwisakhiwo se-x16) | |
| PCI Express 1.0 | 2 Gbit / s (250 MB / s) | 32 Gbit / s (4000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 2.0 | 4 Gbit / s (500 MB / s) | 64 Gbit / s (8000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 3.0 | 7.877 iGbit / s (984.625 MB / s) | 126.032 iGbit / s (15754 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 4.0 | 15.752 iGbit / s (1969 MB / s) | 252.032 iGbit / s (31504 MB / s) |
Zonke iinguqu ze-PCI Express zibuyela emva kwaye zihambelana ezihambelanayo, nto leyo ithetha ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi idilesi yePC okanye i-motherboard yakho isekela, kufuneka isebenze kunye, ubuncinci kwinqanaba elincinci.
Njengoko ubona, ukuhlaziywa okukhulu kwi-PCIe standard kukhulisa ngokukhawuleza ububanzi bomda obukhoyo ngexesha ngalinye, ukwandisa kakhulu amandla okwenza i-hardware exhunyiwe.
Iinguqulelo zenguqulo zibuye zenzeke izigulane, iimpawu ezongeziweyo kunye nokulawulwa kwamandla okuphuculweyo, kodwa ukwanda kwendlela yokuhamba komda kuyona tshintsho ebalulekileyo ukuphawula ukusuka kwinguqulo ukuya kutshintshi.
Ukuphakanyiswa kwePC
I-PCI Express, njengoko ufunda ngobungakanani kunye neenguqulelo ezingentla apha, uxhasa kakhulu naluphi na uhlobo olusisigxina ongalujonga ngalo. Ukuba iyafaneleka ngokwenyama, mhlawumbi isebenza ... into enhle.
Enye into ebalulekileyo yokwazi, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumane ukuphakama komda womda (oqhelekileyo ulingana nokusebenza okukhulu kunabo bonke), uya kufuna ukukhetha i-PCIe ephezulu yebhodi lebhodi yakho yee-motherboard isekela kwaye ukhethe ubungakanani obukhulu bePCIe obuya kufanelana.
Umzekelo, i-PCIe 3.0 x16 yekhadi levidiyo iya kukunika inxaxheba enkulu, kodwa kuphela ukuba i-motherboard yakho isekela i-PCIe 3.0 kwaye ine-slot ye-PCIe x16 yamahhala. Ukuba i-motherboard yakho isekela kuphela i-PCIe 2.0, ikhadi liza kusebenza kuphela kweso santya esixhaswayo (umz. 64 Gbit / s kwisihlomelo se-x16).
Uninzi lwamabhodi omama kunye neikhompyutheni ezenziwe ngo-2013 okanye kamva zixhasa iPCI Express v3.0. Khangela i-motherboard yakho okanye incwadi yekhompyutheni ukuba awuqinisekanga.
Ukuba awufumani nayiphi na inkcazelo engqalileyo kwi-PCI inguqu yebhodi lebhodi lakho elixhasayo, ndiyakhuthaza ukuthenga i-PCIe ekhadini elikhulu nakwixesha elitsha, ngokukhawuleza ukuba liya kulungeleka, kunjalo.
Yintoni eya kutshintsha i-PCI?
Abaphuhlisi bemidlalo yevidiyo bayololoko befuna ukuyila imidlalo eyenza ukuba yinto engokoqobo kodwa iyakwenza oko kuphela ukuba iyakwazi ukudlulisa idatha engaphezulu kwiinkqubo zemidlalo yazo kwi-headset yakho ye-VR okanye kwikhompyutheni yekhomputha kunye nokusebenza ngokukhawuleza okufunekayo ukuba kwenzeke.
Ngenxa yale nto, i-PCI Express ayiyi kuqhubeka nokulawula ukuphumla okuphezulu kwiindawo zayo zokuzilahla. I-PCI Express 3.0 iyakhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ihlabathi lifuna ngokukhawuleza.
I-PCI Express 5.0, ngenxa yokugqitywa ngo-2019, iya kunika inkxaso kumgama ongama-31.504 GB / s nge-lane (3938 MB / s), kabini enikezelwa yi-PCIe 4.0. Kukho amanani amaninzi angama-PCIe abonakalayo kubucandelo lobugcisa kodwa ekubeni befuna iimpawu ezinkulu ze-hardware, i-PCI ikhangele ukuhlala inkokeli ixesha elizayo.