I-PPTP (iProtokholi yokuThumela iPhulo-Point-Point) yinkqubo yenethwekhi esetyenziswe ekuphunyezweni kweeNethwekhi eziNgcaciso zeNgcaciso (VPN) . Iikhompyutha ezintsha ze-VPN ezifana ne- OpenVPN , i-L2TP, kunye ne-IPs inokunika inkxaso engcono yokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, kodwa i-PPTP isekho inethiwekhi ethandwayo ngokubanzi kwiikhompyutha ze-Windows.
Indlela iPPTP isebenza ngayo
I-PPTP isebenzisa umxhasi we-client- design (i-technical specification equkethwe kwi-Inthanethi RFC 2637) esebenza kwiCandelo 2 le-OSI. Amakhasimende e-PPTP VPN afakwe ngokungaqhelekanga kwi-Microsoft Windows kwaye ifumaneka kokubili iLuxux kunye ne-Mac OS X.
I-PPTP isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-VPN ekude ukufikelela kwi-intanethi. Kule tyenziswa, amathoni e-VPN adalwa ngeendlela ezi zilandelayo:
- Umsebenzisi uvula iklayenti ye-PPTP edibanisa kumniki-intanethi
- I-PPTP idala uxhumano lwe- TCP phakathi komxhasi weVPN kunye ne-VPN iseva. Iprotocol isebenzisa i-TCP port 1723 kulezi zixhumo kunye neGeneral Routing Encapsulation (GRE) ekugqibeleni ukuseka i-tunnel.
I-PPTP iphinde isekele ukuxhumeka kweVPN kwinethiwekhi yendawo.
Emva kokuba i-tunnel yeVPN isungulwe, i-PPTP isekela iintlobo ezimbini zokuhamba kweenkcukacha:
- ukulawula imiyalezo yokulawula kwaye ekugqibeleni udilize uxhulumaniso lweVPN. Imilayezo yolawulo idlula ngqo phakathi komxhasi weVPN kunye nomncedisi.
- iipakethe zedata ezidlula kwi-tunnel, ukuya kwi-VPN.
Ukusetha Uxhumano lwe-PPTP VPN kwiWindows
Abasebenzisi beWindows benza ii-intanethi ezintsha ze-intanethi njenge-Internet:
- I-Intanethi evulekileyo kunye nokwabelana kwi-Windows Control Panel
- Chofoza "Ukuseta uqhagamshelo olutsha okanye umnxibelelwano"
- Kwifestile entsha ephumayo ebonakalayo, khetha "Xhuma kwindawo yokusebenzela" kwaye uklikhe Ilandelayo
- Khetha "Sebenzisa i-intanethi yoxhumo lwe-intanethi (VPN)"
- Faka ulwazi lweedilesi kumncedisi we-VPN, unike le nxu lumene negama lendawo (phantsi kwesi silungiselelo soxhumano silondolozwa ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elizayo), utshintshe nayiphi na isethingi ekhethwa kukho, kwaye nqakraza Yenza
Abasebenzisi bafumana ulwazi lwekheli le-PPTP VPN kwi-server yabaphathi. Abalawuli besikolo kunye nabafundi banikezela ngabasebenzisi babo ngokuthe ngqo, ngelixa iinkonzo ze-intanethi ze-VPN zipapasha ulwazi kwi-intanethi (kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa uxhulumaniso kuphela kubathengi ababhalisele). Imicingo yokuxhumeka ingaba igama lomncedisi okanye idilesi ye-IP .
Emva kokuba uxhumano lusekwe okokuqala, abasebenzisi kwi-Windows PC bangaphinda baxhumane kamva ngokukhetha igama lendawo kwindawo yoxhumo lwenethiwekhi yeWindows.
Kubaphathi bezonxibelelwano zentengiso: iMicrosoft Windows inika iinkqubo zesevisi ezibizwa ngokuba yi- pptpsrv.exe kunye ne- pptpclnt.exe ukuze uncede ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ukusethwa kwe-PPTP yenethwekhi kuchanileyo.
Ukusebenzisa i-PPTP kwiNethwekhi yeeKhaya kunye neVPN Passthrough
Xa kwintanethi yekhaya, ukuxhamla kwe-VPN kwenziwa kwinkonzo kumsebenzisi we-intanethi ekude nge- router ekhaya. Ezinye iirejista zasemakhaya ezindala azihambelani ne-PPTP kwaye musa ukuvumela i-traffic protocol ukuba idlulele kwi-VPN zokuqhagamshelana. Ezinye izithuthi zivumela uxhulumaniso lwe-PPTP VPN kodwa lunokuxhasa kuphela uxhumano olulodwa ngexesha. Le miqathango ivela kwindlela ye-PPTP ne-GRE iteknoloji isebenza ngayo.
Abasebenzisi abaqalayo basekhaya bavakalisa into ebizwa ngokuba yi- VPN passthrough ebonisa inkxaso yayo ye-PPTP. I-router yasekhaya kufuneka ibe ne-PPTP port 1723 evulekileyo (ukuvumela ukudibanisa ukuba kusekwe) kunye nokudlulisela phambili ku-GRE protocol type 47 (ukunika idatha ukuba idlule kwi-VPN tunnel), ukhetho lokusetha olwenziwa ngokungafihla kwii-routers ezininzi namhlanje. Hlola i-router maxwebhu kwanoma yiyiphi imingcele ethile ye-VPN passthrough inkxaso yeso sixhobo.