Indlela i-Digital Digital kunye ne-HDTV zixhamle ngayo kwiiLoalog Television Standards
Abaninzi ababukeli beTV ehlabathini lonke bacinga ukuba ngokusungula nokwamkelwa kwe-Digital TV kunye ne-HDTV, imimiselo emidala yemigangatho yevidiyo iyasuswa. Nangona kunjalo, oku kucinga okungekho nto. Nangona ivenkile ngoku idijithali, umahluko ophakathi kwemilinganiselo yevidiyo ekhoyo phantsi kweenkqubo ze-analog, isreyimu yesreyimu, isisiseko se- Digital TV kunye nee-HDTV .
Yiyiphi Imilinganiselo yeSakhelo
Kwividiyo (zombini i-Analog, i-HD, kunye ne-4K Ultra HD ), njengokuba kwiphephancwadi, imifanekiso oyibonayo kwiTV okanye i-screen projection isikrini iboniswa njengamaxwebhu. Nangona kunjalo, nangona oko ubona ngumfanekiso opheleleyo, kukho ukungafani kwindlela amafowuni adluliselwa ngayo ngabasasazo, adluliselwa nge-intanethi okanye kwimidiya yenyama, kunye / okanye aboniswe kwisikrini sethelevishini.
Imida kunye nePixel
Iimifanekiso zeVidiyo ezisasazwayo zihlala okanye zirekhodwa, zenzelwe imilayini yokukhangela okanye imigqa yepikseli . Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafani nefilimu, apho umfanekiso wonke uphononongo kwesikrini kwangoko, imigca okanye iipikseli imigca kwimifanekiso yevidiyo iboniswa kwiprinki eqala phezulu kwesikrini kwaye ihambela phezulu. Le mizila okanye imigqa yepikseli ingaboniswa ngeendlela ezimbini.
Indlela yokuqala yokubonisa imifanekiso ukuhlukanisa imigca kwiinkalo ezimbini apho imigca yonke engapheliyo okanye imigca yepikseli iboniswa kuqala kwaye zonke iimilo ezilandelwe okanye imigqa yepikseli ziboniswa ngokulandelayo, ngokwenene, ukuvelisa isakhelo esipheleleyo . Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi- interlacing okanye i-interlaced scan .
Indlela yesibini yokubonisa imifanekiso, esetyenziswa kwiLCD, iPlasma, iDLP, i-OLED ipaneli yeplani yeeTV kunye nabagadi bekhomputha , ibhekiswa njengendlela yokuhlaziya . Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba endaweni yokubonisa imigca eminye imimandla emibini, ukukhangela okuqhubekayo kuvumela imigca okanye imigqa yepikseli ukuba iboniswe ngokulandelelana. Oku kuthetha ukuba zombini imizila engapheliyo kunye neenkcukacha ezilandisiweyo okanye iipikseli ziboniswa ngokulandelana kwamanani.
INTSC kunye nePAL
Inombolo yemigca yokujonga okanye imigqa yepikseli ichaza ukukwazi ukuvelisa umfanekiso ocacileyo, kodwa kuninzi kwibali. Kuyacaca ngeli nqanaba ukuba inkulu imitha yemizila okanye imizila yepikseli, ngokubanzi ngakumbi umfanekiso. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphakathi kwirejista yevidiyo ye-analog, inani lemigca yokujonga okanye imigqa yepikseli lichanekileyo kwinkqubo. Iinkqubo ezimbini eziphambili zevidiyo ze-analog zi- NTSC kunye ne-PAL .
I-NTSC isekelwe kumgca we-525 okanye umgca we-pixel, amasango angama-60 / ama-30 ngokuzimeleyo-yesibini, kwi-60Hz inkqubo yokuhambisa nokubonisa imifanekiso yevidiyo. Le yindlela ehamba ngayo apho isalathisi ngasinye siboniswe kumacandelo amabini angama-262 okanye imigqa yepikseli eboniswa ngenye indlela. Amacandelo amabini adibeneyo ukuze isakhelo ngasinye sevidiyo siboniswe ngemigca engu-525 okanye imigqa yepikseli. I-NTSC yonyulwe njenge-standard analog video e-US, Canada, Mexico, ezinye iindawo zaseCentral naseMzantsi Melika, eJapan, eTaiwan naseKorea.
I-PAL yonyulwe njengefomathi ephezulu kwihlabathi ukuze kusasazwe ithelevishini ye-analog kunye nomboniso wevidiyo ye-analog. I-PAL isekelwe kumgca we-625 okanye umgca wepikelli, iifama ezingama-50 / iifowuni yesibini, inkqubo ye-50Hz. Isalathisi senziwa phakathi, njenge-NTSC kwiinkalo ezimbini, ezenziwe ngamanqanaba angama-312 okanye iipikseli nganye. Ekubeni kunamacandelwana ambalwa (25) aboniswe ngesibini, ngamanye amaxesha unokwazi ukubona umfutho omncinane emfanekisweni, kufana ne-flicker ebonwe kwifilimu ecetywayo. Nangona kunjalo, i-PAL inikeza umfanekiso wesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nokugqama kombala kuneNTSC. Amazwe aneengcambu kwinkqubo ye- PAL ziquka i-UK, iJamani, iSpain, iPortugal, i-Italy, iChina, i-Indiya, i-Australia, ininzi ye-Afrika kunye neMbindi-mpuma.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa kwiinkqubo zevidiyo ze-PAL kunye ne-NTSC, kuquka ne-PAL kunye ne-NTSC imbonakalo ngokuqinisekileyo imele, jonga inkcazo yethu yenkwenkwezi: Ubume bemiGangatho yeVidiyo yehlabathi jikelele .
I-DigitalTV / HDTV kunye ne-NTSC / i-PAL Frame Rates
Nangona isakhono sokwenza isisombululo esininzi, ukusasazwa kwefomathi yedijithali, kunye nemilinganiselo ephakamileyo ye-software ye-software yinkcazo ye-software yinyathelo eliya kubathengi, xa kuthelekiswa ne-HDTV kumgangatho we-analog we-NTSC kunye ne-PAL, isiseko esiqhelekileyo esisisiseko sezo zombini iinkqubo yi-Frame Frame.
Ngokomxholo wemveli wevidiyo, kumazwe asekelwe kwi-NTSC kukho iifom ezi-30 ezihlukeneyo eziboniswe rhoqo kwisibini (1 iifom epheleleyo yonke i-1/30 yesibini), ngelixa kumazwe ase-PAL, kukho iifom ezi-25 ezihlukeneyo eziboniswe rhoqo kwisibini (1 isakhelo esipheleleyo siboniswe yonke i-1/25 yesibini). Ezi zifowuni ziboniswa ngokusebenzisa indlela ye- Interlaced Scan (emele i-480i okanye i-1080i) okanye inkqubo yeProgressive Scan (emele i-720p okanye i-1080p).
Ngokuphunyezwa kwe- Digital TV kunye ne-HDTV , isiseko sendlela amafowulda aboniswa ngayo isisiseko se-NTSC kunye neefayile zevidiyo ze-analog zangaphambili. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ibe ngamazwe asekuhlaleni kwe-NTSC, i-Digital kunye ne-HDTV zizalisekisa ireyithi ye-Frame-per-yesreyimu yesiqingatha, ngeli xesha kungekudala amazwe ase-PAL azalisekisa i-Frame-per-yes rate yesilinganiselo.
I-Digital TV / HDTV yeSreyimu yentlawulo esekelwe kwi-NTSC
Ukusebenzisa i-NTSC njengesiseko se-Digital TV okanye i-HDTV, ukuba amafowuni adluliselwa njengemifanekiso ehamba phakathi (1080i), isakhelo ngasinye senziwe ngamacandelo amabini, kwintsimi nganye iboniswe yonke i-60 yesibini, kunye nesakhelo esipheleleyo siboniswe yonke i-30 okwesibini, usebenzisa i-NTSC-esekelwe kwisilinganisi se-frame-yesibini yesreyimu. Ukuba isakhelo sidluliselwa kwifomathi yokuhlaziya yokuqhubekayo (720p okanye 1080p) iboniswa kabini kwi-30 yesibini. Kuzo zombini iimeko, isakhelo esicacileyo sesichazi-mali siboniswa njalo kwi-30 yesibini kwilizwe laseNTSC elisekelwe kwilizwe.
I-Digital TV / HDTV Frame Frame Rate
Ukusebenzisa i-PAL njengesiseko se-Digital TV okanye i-HDTV, ukuba amafowuni adluliselwa njengemifanekiso ehamba phakathi (1080i), isakhelo ngasinye sinamacandelo amabini, nganye kwintsimi iboniswa yonke i-50 yesibini, kunye nesakhelo esipheleleyo siboniswe yonke i-25 okwesibini, usebenzisa i-PAL-based-frame-second-level frame rate. Ukuba isakhelo sidluliselwa kwifomati yokuqhubela phambili ( 720p okanye 1080p ) iboniswa kabini kwi-25 yesibini. Kuzo zombini iimeko, ifom ecacileyo ecacileyo ifakelwe yonke into yesi-25 yesibini kumaTV nakumazwe ase-PAL asele.
Ukujonga okujonge ngakumbi kwi-Frame Frame Rate, kunye neResha yoHlaziya, eyona yongezelelweyo imisebenzi eyenziwa yiTV echaphazela nendlela umfanekiso obukeka ngayo kwisikrini, khangela ukuba iqela lethu iqabane: IsiKhokelo soKhuseleko lweVidiyo kunye neSkrini Qala kwakhona Umlinganiselo .
Ngaphantsi
I-TV ye-Digital, i-HDTV kunye ne-Ultra HD, nangona iqela eliphambili ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezibonakalayo kumabonakude okanye kwisikrini sokucwangcisa, ngokukodwa ngokubhekisele kwisisombululo esongeziweyo kunye neenkcukacha, kusekho iingcamango zevidiyo ze-analog ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Ngenxa yoko, kukho kwaye kuya kuba, ngenxa yekamva elibonakalayo, ukungafani kwi-Digital TV kunye ne-HDTV imigangatho esebenzisa kulo lonke ihlabathi, eliqinisa umnqamlezo kwimimiselo yevidiyo yehlabathi yonqulo kubini kunye nomthengi.
Kwakhona, masingayikhohlwa ukuba nangona i-analog ye-analog NTSC kunye ne-PAL yeTV yeTV ikhutshwe kwinani elikhulayo lamazwe njengoko ukuguqulwa kuyaqhubeka ngokubhekiselele kwidijithali kunye ne-HDTV kuphela, kukho i-video ye-NTSC kunye ne-PAL. ukudlala izixhobo, ezifana neeVCR, ii-camogorders ze-analog kunye ne-HDMI abaxhobileyo abadlali beDVD abasetyenziswa kwihlabathi jikelele ezixhunyiwe kwaye zijongwa kwi-HDTVs.
Ukongeza, kunye nefomathi, njenge-Blu-ray Disc, kukho iimeko apho ifilimu okanye umxholo omkhulu wevidiyo ungabakho kwi-HD, ezinye zeempawu zevidiyo ezongezelelweyo zisenokuba yiyiphi isisombululo esisisigxina se-NTSC okanye i-PAL.
Kubalulekile ukuba nangona umxholo we-4K ufumaneke ngokubanzi nge-Streaming kunye ne- Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc , imilinganiselo yokusasazwa kwe-TV ye-4K isesezinyathelo zokuqala zokusetyenziswa, amacebo okubonisa iividiyo (ii-TV) ezi-4K-ezihambelanayo zifuna ukuxhasa iifomati zevidiyo ze-analog nje nje ngokuba kukho ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ye-analog kunye nezixhobo zokudlala ezisetyenziswayo. Kwakhona, mazixwayiswe nge-8K ukusakaza kunye nokusasazwa kungekude kube kude.
Nangona imini iya kufika (mhlawumbi kungekudala emva kwexesha elizayo), apho ungasakwazi ukusebenzisa iifayile zevidiyo ze-analog, ezifana neeVCRs, ukuthotyelwa kwe-standard standard yevidiyo ayikho okwamanje.