Pong: Umdlalo wokuqala weeMegahit

Umdlalo ongeyena olula-kodwa-kumnandi kunye nomlutha womdlalo we-tennis apho abadlali ababini bajikeleza amaqhina okulawula ukuhamba kweefayili zabo, ukudibanisa ibhola yedijithali ngokuphindaphindiweyo, bekuyimpembelelo ye-mega-hit eyenza iqela liqalise imboni yemidlalo yevidiyo kwaye ichazwe indawo yayo kwimbali yenkcubeko yoluntu. Njengento elula njengoko umdlalo unokuba yimilinganiselo yanamhlanje, umlando wePong ugcwele umzabalazo kunye nokuphikisana.

Pong: I siseko

Imbali yePong

Njengoko umgca wethegi uya "Ekuqaleni kwakukho iPong ", okwenza abaninzi bakholwe ukuba iPong yimidlalo yokuqala yevidiyo, kodwa eqinisweni ininzi yezinto zokudlala eziphambi kwayo, ngokuqala ngedemo ye-tech yeTennis for Two (1958), iPPP Umbhobho wekhompiyutha weWindowswar! , imidlalo yokuqala ye- computer ye-Computer Space kunye ne-Atari abasunguli be-Nolan Bushnell kunye neTed Dabney isihloko somdlalo wokuqala weGalaxy (1971) (zombini ezo ziyi-clones ze-Spacewar!) kwaye azivumeli ukulibala i- Magnevox Odyssey ka -1972, umdlalo wokuqala wevidiyo thu thuzela.

Umdlalo weGalaxy wenziwe kwaye usasazwa yi-Nutting Associates kwaye wabona impumelelo ephantsi. Oku kwasula uNolan Bushnell kunye noTed Dabney ukuba baphumele ngaphandle kwabo, ngoko baqulunqa inkampani yokuqala ye-Syzygy Engineering, eyatshintsha emva koko ibe ngu-Atari ngenxa yongquzulwano lwentengiso. Ngenjongo yokuyila nokukhupha imidlalo yabo yokuqala into ababeyidingayo yayingabasebenzi, ngoko baqeshwe kuqala bafuna abasebenzi, bebenokusebenza njengenkampani ekhulayo, kwaye kwakudinga iqela lophuhliso elahamba ngaphaya kobuqili uNolan Bushnell kunye Ted Dabney ngoko baqeshe umyili wezoyilo uAlcorn, owayengumlingani wabasebenzi beDabney.

Njengolu vavanyo, uBushnell noDabney babenomxholo we-Alcorn kunye nokwakha umdlalo osekelwe kumboniso uBushnell wayebone nge-Magnavox Odyssey ezayo. U-Alcorn waya emsebenzini waza waxosha wonke umntu kunye neziphumo kwaye ngokukhawuleza waya kwinqanaba lokukhawuleza lokuba ngu-Atari wokuqala we-arcade game.

Iprototype-op op arcade prototype yasePong ifakwe kwi-bar yendawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Andy Capp's Tavern, kwaye kwiiveki ezimbalwa, yayigcwele izithuba ezininzi kangangokuthi umdlalo udibene. Emva kokuthatha imali mboleko, uPong waya ekwenzeni kwaye i-Atari Inc. yayiseshishini.

Pong Iza ekhaya

Ngomnyaka we-1972, ngowona nyaka u- Pong ukhululwe kwii-arcade, iMagnavox Odyssey iqalise njengeyona nto yokuqala ye-video game console. Inkqubo yayiyimpumelelo eqinileyo, eneemoto eziguquguqukayo ezinemidlalo eyahlukeneyo kunye ne-TV kunye neenkcukacha ezifana namakhadi kunye nedayisi kunye ne-poker chips.

Emva kokukhulula inani elincinci lamabhabhinethi asePong, asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, kunye nezinye izihloko ze-Arcade njenge-Space Race, Gotcha neRubound, i-Atari yayibheke phambili. Ngoxa babecala ngokugqithiseleyo i-arcades, baqala ukukhangela igumbi lokuhlala, okhuphiswano lwazo kuphela ngexesha elivela ku-Odyssey.

Ngo-1974 u-Atari watyikitya isivumelwano kunye neeSears ukukhulula indlu yokuqala yePong . Esikhundleni seemoto okanye i-cartridges, le nkqubo yayiyi-console ezinikezele, nto leyo ithetha ukuba umdlalo wawuqulethwe ngaphakathi kwunithi. Le nkqubo yaqala ukukhutshwa njenge-Sear Tele-Imidlalo kwaye ibanjwe ngokukhawuleza, ekubeni isebe ligcina izinto ezithengisa kakhulu kwiKrismesi, kunye nokuthengisa okugqithiseleyo kweMagnavox Odyssey.

I-Lawsuit:

Ngonyaka emva kwePong yayilawula ixesha leeholide, iMagnavox yazalisa icala ngo-Atari ngokuphula umthetho "amalungelo akhethekileyo". Ngokuyinene, uPong wayefana noyilo kunye neengqiqo kwiPong , kwaye ngobungqina bokuba u-Bushnell wayengomnye wabemi kwiDemo ye-Magnavox Odyssey, baphela ekugqibeleni enkundleni.

Nangona i- Pong yayifana ne-gameplay kwaye isakhiwo kwi-Magnavox Odyssey, yayinomxholo ohlukeneyo kunye ne-gameplay. Isiboniso se-Odyssey sibonisa amabhokisi amabini adibanisa ibhokisi yesithathu ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yeyona mininzi yemidlalo yabo, nangona kunjalo, ezo bhokisi ezimele i-paddle (okanye i-requite) ayikwazi nje ukunyuka nokuhla kuphela kodwa zibulela ngokubongela kumbini ophethe . I-Pong , ngakolunye uhlangothi, isetyenziswe ezimbini iipaddles eziphathekayo ezinokuthi zinyuka kwaye zenzeke, zidibanise ukujikeleza kwesetyhula emva nangaphambili.

Thumela kwiiClones

Impumelelo ikhula abakulandeli, kwaye ngelixa i-Atari yayakhe ubukhosi bayo ekucingeni ingcamango, enye inkampani, iiComputer General, zafuna ukwenza i-fortune ngokuziphindaphinda ngokoqobo. I-GI yavelisa i-Chip ye-AY-3-8500 engathandabuzekiyo, eyayiyi-clone ecacileyo yePong , kwaye iqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo zomdlalo. Kungekudala nayiphi na inkampani ekwazi ukukhangela i-chip ingavelisa iphinde ikhulule iiprogram zeemidlalo zemidlalo yazo.

Ezinye zeefoloni zePong ezidumileyo ziquka i-Coleco yeTelstar kunye neNintendo yenkqubo yokuqala yemidlalo ye-video, Umbala weTlay TV 6.

I-Pong yenza umdlalo wevidiyo Imbali

Ngoxa kungenjalo bekungeyena mdlalo owona mvelaphi kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo wawungewona umdlalo wevidiyo yokuqala, uPong akanakuzaza, umdlalo obaluleke kakhulu owake wakhululwa. Impumelelo yalo enkulu yezorhwebo iqela-iqalise imboni yemidlalo yevidiyo, ekubeni yintengiso emncinci kumakhaya kufuneka.