Inkcazo yefayile yefayile nezixhobo zokususa ii-virus
Intsholongwane yefayile ichaphazela i-executables, ngokuqhelekileyo iifayile ze- EXE , ngokufaka ikhowudi ekhethekileyo kwinxalenye ethile yefayili yasekuqaleni ukwenzela ukuba idatha enobungozi inokusetyenziswa xa ifayile ifumaneka.
Isizathu sokuba intsholongwane echaphazela i-executables kukuba, ngokucacileyo, i-executable uhlobo lwefayile ephunyezwayo kwaye engafundwa nje. Umzekelo, iifayile ze-EXE kunye ne- MSI (zombini i-executables) ziifayile eziqhuba ikhowudi xa zivulwe.
Ezi zihlukileyo kunezinto ezingenzi-executables ezinjenge- JPG okanye ii- DOCX ezifayile ezingenakucala ezikukhonza ukukubonisa umfanekiso okanye iqela lokubhala.
Qaphela: Iifayili zefayile zibizwa ngezinye iifayile ezifakela iifayile okanye ziintsholongwane, kwaye zichongiwe ngokungenako njenge-keyloggers, i-adware, i-spyware, i-ransomware, iimbongolo kunye nezinye iifayile ze- malware .
Iindidi zeeFayili zeFayile
Iintsholongwane zibekwe eceleni kwezinye iintlobo ze-malware kuba ziziphendulela. Bachaphazela ezinye iifayile eziphathekayo ngokubhekiselele kwimvume yomsebenzisi, kwaye unokuthi okanye angayichaphazeli ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwesixhobo.
Olunye uhlobo lwentsholongwane yintsholongwane yefayile ye-overwriting, yinto enye ebhaliweyo kwifayile yangaphambili, ngokuyitshintsha ngekhowudi enobungozi. Ezi ntlobo zentsholongwane kufuneka zisuswe ngokukhawuleza kuba nayiphi into echaphazelekayo yintsholongwane engenakukwazi ukukhutshwa ngamayeza.
I-letterletter, eqhutywe njenge-email worm, intsholongwane yefayili kunye ne- Trojan downloader, ngumzekelo ogqithisileyo wefayili yokumelana nefayile. Ilayta yechenge iifayile ezithile zefayile kwaye ibhala phantsi ngekhowudi yayo enobungozi, isonakalisa ngokusisigxina iziqulatho kwezo fayile.
Olunye uhlobo lwesifo sengqobhoko ngenye into elula nje i-code encane yefayile kwifayile. Inkqubo okanye eyenzekayo inokuthi isebenze kakuhle kodwa intsholongwane ifihliwe ngaphakathi kwaye iya kuqaliswa ngexesha elikhethiweyo (elidla ngokuba lixesha ibhokhwe), okanye mhlawumbi ihlala isebenza kodwa ayikuchaphazeli ukusetyenziswa kwefayili enesifo.
Ngako oko, iifayile zentsholongwane zingadalwa ukuba zihambe kwiindawo ezithile zokuqala, njengokuba ifayile ivuliwe okanye nangona xa kwenzeka isiganeko esingahambelaniyo, njengokuba kukho enye inkqubo. Intsholongwane yefayile ingabikho ngasese kwaye ayinakuphazamisa nantoni na de iqhubekile.
Uluhlu lwesibini lwefayili yefayile kanokuthi lukhutshelwe i-antimalware okanye i-antivirus tool.
Ezinye iifayili zefayile zingaphinda ziphendule kwidivaysi okanye kwinethiwekhi ukuthelela ezinye iifayile ezisebenzayo. Bangakwazi ukuphazamisa icandelo le- boot kunye nefuthe ukuba iikhomputha zekhomputha, ngamanye amaxesha ikwenza ikhomputer yakho okanye idivaysi yakho ingasebenzi ngokupheleleyo ade ichithwe idatha enobungozi.
Indlela yokuchonga i-Virus yeFayile
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ngokupheleleyo iifayile zeefayili eziqhelekileyo kwiifayili ezijolise kuzo. Jonga uLuhlu lweZiko loLuhlu oluPhezulu lweefayile omele ulindelwe kuba zikwazi ukugcina iifayili zefayile.
Ezinye iifayile ezigciniweyo zigcinwa ngendlela engcolileyo ukwenzela ukuba ucinge ukuba azinabungozi. Umzekelo, unokukhuphela ifayile ebizwa ngevidiyo.mp4.exe ebonakala ngathi yifayile yevidiyo ye- MP4 . Njengoko unokubona, isisombululo sangempela si ".EXE" kuba ezo zileta ezilandela ixesha lokugqibela kwigama lefayile.
Iifayile ezichaphazela ii-virus zijolise kwiinkqubo zokusebenza , kuquka iMac, Unix, Windows, Linux, kunye ne-DOS. Bangakwazi ukusabalalisa ngeefayile ezifakwe kwiifayile ze-imeyile, ukulandelwa kwe-intanethi, izixhumanisi ze- URL ezingalunganga, kunye nokunye.
Icebiso: Bona Indlela Yokukhusela Ngokukhuselekileyo & Fakela Isoftware ukuze ufunde indlela yokuzikhusela kwifayile yefayile.
Indlela yokuCima okanye ukuVimbela iiVilus zeFayile
Iintsholongwane zisuswe kakuhle phambi kokuba zenze umonakalo wangempela. Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa inguqu yakutsha yesofthiwe yakho ye- antivirus ukwenzela ukuba nayiphi na isongelo ekhoyo iyakuthatyathwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba awukwazi ukungena kwikhompyutheni yakho ukususa intsholongwane yefayile okanye ukuhlola okwenzekayo, zama ukukhutshwa kwimodi ekhuselekileyo xa usebenzisa iWindows, okanye sebenzisa inkqubo yokukhusela i-antivirus yokukhenketha ukuba ihlole ikhompyutha kwiifayile zefayile ngaphambi kokuba i-OS uzama ukulayisha.
Ezinye iintsholongwane zinokulayishwa kwimemori kwaye zibonakala zivalelwe xa zizama ukuzisusa. Unokwazi ukuvala inkqubo yentsholongwane kunye noMphathi wezeMisebenzi okanye esinye isixhobo esinokunyanzelisa -ukuvala iinkqubo ezinzima .
Jonga indlela yokujonga kakuhle ikhompyutha yakho kwi-Malware ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga nendlela yokucima iintsholongwane kunye nezinye i-malware eziyingozi.
Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-antivirus, enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokumisa iifayili zefayile kukugcina inkqubo yakho yokusebenza kunye nesofthiwe ihlaziywa. Sebenzisa i- software ehlaziyiweyo ye-software ukugcina iinkqubo zakho zenkampani yesithathu zihlaziywa ngokutsha, kunye ne- Windows Update ukuqinisekisa ukuba iWindows ngokwayo ihlala ilandelwe ngokulungiswa kwangoko konxibelelwano.