Konke Okufuneka Ukwazi NgoFAT32, exFAT, FAT16, & FAT12
Ifayile yoLwabiwo lweFayile (FAT) yinkqubo yefayile eyenziwe yi-Microsoft ngo-1977.
I-FAT isasetyenziswa namhlanje njengendlela yefayile ekhethiweyo yefayile ye- floppy drive kunye neziphathekayo, izixhobo zokugcina izakhono eziphezulu ezifana nokuhamba kwefowuni kunye nezinye izixhobo zememori ezisemgangathweni ezifana namakhadi e-SD.
I-FAT yayiyinkqubo ephambili yefayile esetyenziswe kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokusebenza zabathengi baseMicrosoft ezivela kwi-MS-DOS nge-Windows ME. Nangona i-FAT isekho ukhetho oluxhasayo kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezintsha zakwaMicrosoft, i- NTFS yinkqubo yefayile eyona nto ifumaneka kule mihla.
Inkqubo yefayili yeSabelo soLwahlulo lweFayile ibone ukuqhubela phambili kwixesha elidlulileyo ngenxa yesidingo sokuxhasa ii- diski ezinzima zokuqhuba ii-disk kunye nobukhulu befayile.
Nazi ezinye ezininzi kwiinguqu ezahlukeneyo zefayile yefayile yeFAT:
I-FAT12 (I-Table-Allocation File)
Inxalenye yokuqala yokusetyenziswa kwefayile yeFAT, i-FAT12, yaziswa ngo-1980, kanye kunye neenguqulelo zokuqala ze-DOS.
I-FAT12 yinkqubo ephambili yefayile yeeMicrosoft esebenzayo ngokusebenzisa i-MS-DOS 3.30 kodwa isetyenziswe kwakhona kwiinkqubo ezininzi kwi-MS-DOS 4.0. I-FAT12 isisetyenzisi sefayile esetyenzisiweyo kwidiskripthi yeso sihlandlo oyifumanayo namhlanje.
I-FAT12 isekela ubungakanani bee drive kunye nobukhulu befayile ezifikelela kwi-16 MB usebenzisa ii-clusters ze-4 KB okanye i-32 MB esebenzisa i-8 KB, kunye nenani elikhulu lamafayile angu-4,084 kumqulu owodwa (xa usebenzisa ii-clusters eziyi-8K).
Imifanekiso yefayile phantsi kwe-FAT12 ayikwazi ukudlulela umda wesigxina esiphezulu sabantu abali-8, kunye ne-3 yokwandiswa .
Inani leempawu zefayile zaqaliswa kuqala kwi-FAT12, kuquka ukufihla , ukufunda kuphela , inkqubo , kunye nelebuli yevolumu .
Qaphela: i- FAT8, eyaziswa ngo-1977, yayinguye yokuqala ingqinisiso yenkqubo yefayili ye-FAT kodwa yayingenakusetyenziswa kuphela kunye neenkqubo ezithile zeekhomputha zendlela yokugcina.
I-FAT16 (Itafile yoLwabiwo lweFayile eli-16)
Ukuphunyezwa kwesibili kwe-FAT kwaba yi-FAT16, eyaqala ngo-1984 kwi-PC DOS 3.0 kunye ne-MS-DOS 3.0.
Inguqu ephuculweyo ngakumbi ye-FAT16, ebizwa ngokuthi i-FAT16B, yayiyinkqubo ephambili yefayile ye-MS-DOS 4.0 kwi-MS-DOS 6.22. Ukuqala nge-MS-DOS 7.0 ne-Windows 95, enye inguqu ephuculweyo, ebizwa ngokuba yiFAT16X, isetyenziswe endaweni yoko.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nobukhulu beqoqo esetyenzisiweyo, isayizi esiphezulu se-drive drive yeFAT16-ifomathi iya kufakwa ukusuka kwi-2 GB ukuya ku-16 GB, oku kuphela kwi-Windows NT 4 kunye namaqoqo ama-256 KB.
Iifayile zefayili kwiFAT16 zikhupha phezulu kwi-4 GB kunye neNkxaso yeFayile enkulu inikwe amandla, okanye i-2 GB ngaphandle kwayo.
Inani elikhulu leefayile ezingabanjelwa kumqulu we-FAT16 ngu-65,536. Kanye njengaye FAT12, amagama eefayile ayelinganiselwe kubalinganiswa be-8 + 3 kodwa wandiswa kwimiba eyi-255 eqala nge-Windows 95.
Ikhonkco yefayile ye-archive yafakwa kwi-FAT16.
I-FAT32 (Itafile yoLwabiwo lweFayile 32-bit)
I-FAT32 yinguqulelo yakutsha yefayile yefayile yeFAT. Yayiswa ngo-1996 kwi-Windows 95 OSR2 / MS-DOS 7.1 yabasebenzisi kwaye yayiyinkqubo ephambili yefayile yomthengi iinguqulelo zeWindows kwi-Windows ME.
I-FAT32 isekela ubuncinci besiseko kwi-TB ukuya kwi-2 TB okanye nakwi-TB ephakamileyo ye-16 eneeklasi ezingama-64 KB.
NjengoFAT16, ubukhulu befayili kwiFAT32 bukhupha phezulu kwi-4 GB kunye neNkxaso enkulu yeFayile okanye i-2 GB ngaphandle kwayo. Inguqu eguqulelweyo yeFAT32, ebizwa ngokuba yiFAT32 + , isekela iifayile ezikude kwi-256 GB ngobukhulu!
Ukufikelela kumaxwebhu angama-268,173,300 angabandakanywa kwivolumu ye-FAT32 ngokude usebenzisa ii-32 KB zeqoqo.
exFAT (Itheyibhile yoLwabiwo lweFayile olwandisiweyo)
exFAT, yokuqala ngo-2006, yinto enye yefayile eyenziwe yiMicrosoft nangona ayinayo "inguqulelo" yeFAT32 emva kweFAT32.
i-exFAT ijoliswe ngokukodwa ekusebenzisweni kwezixhobo zeendaba eziphathekayo ezifana ne-flash drives, i-SDHC kunye ne-SDXC amakhadi, njl.
i-exFAT isekela ngokusemthethweni izixhobo zokugcina izitoreji eziphathekayo ukuya kwi-512 TiB ngobukhulu kodwa i-theoretically iyakwazi ukuxhasa ukuqhuba njengezikhulu njenge-64 ZiB, enkulu kakhulu kunamabonakude atholakalayo njengale ncwadi.
Ukuxhaswa ngabantu abanamaphepha amafayile ezi-255 kunye nenkxaso kwiifayile ezi-2,796,202 nganye kwirejista zizinto ezimbini eziphawulekayo kwinkqubo ye-exFAT.
Inkqubo yefayile ye-exFAT ixhaswa phantse zonke iinguqulelo ze-Windows (abadala kunye nokuhlaziywa okukhethwa kukho), i-Mac OS X (10.6.5+), kunye nakwii-TV ezininzi, amajelo kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ukuhambisa amaFayile kwi-NTFS kwiinkqubo ze-FAT
Ifayile yokubhala, ukuxiliswa kwefayile , imvume yezinto, iikopi ze disk kunye nefayile yefayile ekhompyutheni iyafumaneka kwifayile yefayile ye-NTFS kuphela - kungekhona i-FAT . Ezinye iimpawu, ezifana neziqhelekileyo ezichazwe kwiingxoxo ezingentla, ziyafumaneka kwi-NTFS.
Ngenxa yokungafani kwabo, ukuba ubeka ifayile ye-encrypted kwi-NTFS ivolumu ibe yithuba elifomathiweyo le-FAT, ifayile ilahlekelwa yimo ye-encryption yayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ifayile ingasetyenziswe njengefayile eqhelekileyo, engekho encrypted. Ukucacisa ifayile ngale ndlela kuyenzeka kuphela kumsebenzisi wangasese owabethela ifayile, okanye nayiphi na enye umsebenzisi onikezelwe imvume ngumnikazi wendalo.
Ifana neefayile ezifihliweyo, ekubeni i-FAT ayinakuxhasa ukuxhomekeka, ifayile exinyiweyo iyaxiliswa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba ikopiwe kwi-NTFS kunye ne-FAT ivolumu. Umzekelo, ukuba ukopiza ifayile exinyiweyo esuka kwi-disk drive ye-NTFS ukuya kwiDiskrip disk disk, ifayile iya kudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphambi kokuba igcinwe kwi-floppy ngenxa yokuba ifayile yefayile ye-FAT kwiidilesi eziya kuyo ayikwazi ukugcina iifayile ezincinciweyo .
UkuFunda okuPhambili kwi-FAT
Nangona kunjalo ngaphaya kwengxoxo ye-FAT engundoqo apha, ukuba unomdla kuninzi malunga nendlela iFAT12, iFAT16 kunye neFAT32 ezifomathiweyo zifakwe ngayo, khangela iifayile zeFAT zeeFree by Andries E. Brouwer.