Kukho imiyalelo ebalulekileyo kakhulu kwiLuxux ekuvumela ukuba ubone inxalenye yefayili. Iyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba yintloko kwaye ingagqibekanga, ibonisa iminca yokuqala ye-10 kwifayile. Okwesibini ngumyalelo womsila othi ngokuzenzakalelayo kukuvumela ukujonga imigca e-10 yokugqibela kwifayile.
Kutheni ungathanda ukusebenzisa enye yale miyalelo? Kutheni ungasebenzisi nje umyalelo wekethi ukujonga yonke ifayile okanye usebenzise umhleli onjenge- nano ?
Cinga nje ifayile oyifunayo ineemitha engama-300,000 kuyo.
Cinga kwakhona ukuba ifayile idla indawo enkulu yedisk.
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kumyalelo oyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile ofuna ukuyijonga iyona fayile echanekileyo. Unokwazi ukuxelela ukuba ukhangele iifayile ezichanekileyo nje ngokubona imigca embalwa yokuqala. Unokhetha ukhetha umhleli njengesiko ukuhlela ifayile.
Umyalelo womsila uncedo ekubukeni imigca embalwa yokugqibela yeefayile kwaye kulungile kakhulu xa ufuna ukubona oko kwenzekayo kwifayile yelog egcinwe kwifolda / var / log .
Esi sikhokelo siza kukubonisa indlela yokusebenzisa umyalelo womsila kuquka zonke iitshintshi ezikhoyo.
Umzekelo Ukusetyenziswa koMyalelo weMsila
Njengoko kuthethwe ngaphambili umyalelo womsila ngokuzenzakalelayo ubonisa imizila eyi-10 yokugqibela yefayili.
I-syntax yomyalelo womsila ilandelayo:
umsila
Umzekelo ukujonga i-boot log kwenkqubo yakho unokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
sudo umsila /var/log/boot.log
Isiphumo siya kuba yinto enje:
* Ukuqala ukunika amandla iibhokisi zokuvala i-block-time block (OK]
* Ukuqala ukulondoloza udev log kwaye uhlaziywe imigaqo [OK]
* Ukuyeka ugcine udev log kwaye uhlaziywe imigaqo [OK]
* Intetho-dispatcher ikhutshaziwe; ukuhlela / njl / okuzenzekelayo / ukuthumela-intetho
* I-VirtualBox Izaziso zikhutshaziwe, kungekhona kuMshini oBungqina
zikhutshwe ngeziko ukuhlela / njl / / default / saned
* Ukubuyisela isimo se-resolver ... [OK]
* Ukumisa inkqubo ye-System V ukuhambelana nokuhamba [OK]
* Ukuqala uMlawuli weMidikhi we-MDM [OK]
* Ukuyeka Ukuthumela umcimbi ukubonisa u-plymouth up [OK]
Indlela yokucacisa Inombolo yeeLines Ukubonisa
Mhlawumbi ufuna ukufumana ngaphezulu kweendlela ezili-10 zokugqibela zefayile. Ungacacisa inani lemigqa ofuna ukuyibona usebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -n20
Umzekelo ongentla ungabonisa imizila engama-20 yokugqibela yefayili.
Eminye ungasebenzisa -ntshintshi ukucacisa indawo yokuqala kwifayile kunye. Mhlawumbi uyazi iifayile zokuqala ezingama-30 kwifayili ziyimpca kwaye ufuna nje ukubona idatha ngaphakathi kwefayili. Kule meko, uya kusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -n + 20
Umyalelo womsila uvame ukusetyenziswa kunye nomyalelo ongakumbi ukuze ukwazi ukufunda ifayile iphepha ngexesha.
Umzekelo:
umsila we-sudo -n + 20
| Kaninzi
Umyalelo ongentla ungathumela umgca wokugqibela we-20 ukusuka kwifayile kunye neepayipi njengengeniso kumyalelo owodwa:
Ungasebenzisa kwakhona umyalelo womsila ukubonisa inani elithile leetes endaweni yemigca:
umsila we-sudo
Kwakhona ungasebenzisa ukutshintsha okufanayo ukuqala ukubonisa ukusuka kwinombolo ethile ye-byte njengolu hlobo:
umsila we-sudo -c + 20
Indlela yokujonga iFayile yeNgxelo
Kukho ezininzi zeempendulo kunye neeprogram ezingenzi nto kwisikrini kodwa zifakela kwifayile yelog njengoko ziqhuba.
Kulo mzekelo, unokufuna ukubeka iliso kwifayile yelog njengoko itshintsha.
Ungasebenzisa le myalelo umsila olandelayo ukuba ukhangele indlela logi utshintsha ngayo imizuzwana emininzi.
umsila we-sudo -F -s20
Ungasebenzisa kwakhona umsila ukuqhubeka ubeka iliso kwirekhodi de iqhube inkqubo njengoko ilandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -F -pid = 1234
Ukufumana i-id inkqubo kwinkqubo unokusebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
ps -ef | grep
Umzekelo, cinga ukuba uhlela ifayile usebenzisa i-nano. Unokufumana i-ID yenkqubo ye-nano usebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
ps -ef | grap nano
Imveliso evela kumyalelo iya kukunika i-ID yenkqubo. Cinga i-ID yenkqubo ngu-1234.
Ungakwazi ukuqhuba umsila ngokubhekiselele kwifayile ehlelwe ngu-nano usebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
umsila we-sudo -F -pid = 1234
Njalo ixesha ifayile igcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-nano umyalelo womsila uya kuthatha imigca emitsha phantsi. Umyalelo uyeka kuphela xa umhleli we-nano uvaliwe.
Indlela yokuzama kwakhona iMyalelo kaMsila
Ukuba ufumana impazamo ngelixa uzama ukuqhuba umyalelo womsila ngenxa yokuba ungenakufikeleleka ngesizathu esithile ungasebenzisa iparameter yokuzama ukuqhubeka uzama kwakhona ukufikelela kufayile.
umsila we-sudo -rery -F
Oku kuphela kusebenza ngokubambisana ne--F ukutshintsha njengoko ufuna ukulandela ifayile ukuba ufuna ukuzama kwakhona.
Isishwankathelo
Esi sikhokelo sibonisa ukusebenzisa okuqhelekileyo komyalelo womsila.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nomyalelo wemsila ungasebenzisa umyalelo olandelayo:
umsila
Uya kuphawula ukuba ndifake i- sudo kwimininzi yemiyalelo. Oku kuyimfuneko kuphela apho ungenayo imvume njengomsebenzisi wakho oqhelekileyo ukujonga ifayile kwaye ufuna iimvume eziphakamileyo.