I-PSTN Inkcazo - Inethiwekhi yomnxeba kawonkewonke
I-PSTN yixesha elichanekileyo elisetyenziselwa inkqubo yefoni yomhlaba. Elinye igama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziselwa yona yi-POTS, emele i-Plain Old Telephone System, indlela engeyiyo-geek yokubiza igama lomhlaba osele lidala kwaye licacile kwaye lithe qatha xa lifaniswa nabathengisi abatsha kwiimarike.
Le nethwekhi yenzelwe ngokubanzi ukukhulumisana kwezwi le-analog malunga neentambo ezikhusele amazwe namazwekazi. Kuphuculwa kwenkqubo yomnxeba oyintloko efunyenwe nguAlexander Graham Bell. Yilethwa kwinkqubo yolawulo olubhetele kwaye yakhupha kwinqanaba lokuba yinkampani, kunye neyona nto ixabisa kakhulu kwaye iguquguqukayo.
I-PSTN kunye nezinye iiNkqubo zoNxibelelwano
I-PSTN ngoku idlalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ibhekiswe kuye, ngokukodwa kumajelo, ngokuchasene namanye amatshini oqhagamshelwano olusakhulayo. Ifoni yefowuni yavela njengenye indlela yokuqala eya kwi-PSTN xa kuthethwa ukuthetha ngezwi. Ukunxibelelana kwamaselula (2G) kwavumela abantu ukuba bathethelele ekuhambeni ngelixa i-PSTN yavumela abantu ukuba benze kwaye bamkele iifowuni kuphela ekufikeleleni kwee-wire, esekhaya okanye eofisini.
Nangona kunjalo, i-PSTN isakwazi ukugcina indawo yayo kwi-telephony yanamhlanje njengoko ihlala ingumkhokeli ongenakuchaswa kumgangatho wefowuni, nge- Score Opinion Score (MOS) ye-4 ukuya ku-5, yesi-5 ibe yixabiso lexabiso. Kuye kwagcina indawo yayo ekhaya kunye nakwamashishini ngezizathu ezininzi. Kuze kubekho udlulileyo, abantu abaninzi (kubandakanye abantu abangenabo abadumi bezedijithali okanye abafuduki bezedijithali) bebengakamkeli i-telephony yeselula kwaye ke banokufikelela kuphela kwi-phone yabo ye-oldline. Kwakhona, i-PSTN yinkampani ephambili yokuxhuma kwi-intanethi kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Emva koko, ukukwazi ukusebenzisa iindlela zokunxibelelana ezifana neVoIP kunye nezinye i- OTT ubuchwepheshe bezifuna rhoqo umgca we-PSTN ukuba ubekho uxhumano lwe-Intanethi, ngomzekelo we-ADSL ngomzekelo.
Ukuthetha ngeVoIP, eyona nhloko yeso siza, kuye kwaba ngumqhubi omkhulu kunabo bonke abaqhubi be-PSTN kunanoma yiphina i-teknoloji ngokuvumela abantu ukuba banxibelelane nakwamanye amazwe nakwihlabathi jikelele mahhala okanye ngexabiso elincinci. Cinga nge Skype, WhatsApp kunye nazo zonke iinkonzo zeVoIP kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza, eziye zavinjelwa kwamanye amazwe njengendlela yokukhusela i-telcos yendawo kwaye ihlala i-telcos.
Indlela iPSTN isebenza ngayo
Kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-telephony, ukuseka umgca wezonxibelelwano phakathi kwamaqela amabini afunekayo alula iintambo phakathi kwabo. Oku kuthetha iindleko eziphezulu kumgama omde. I-PSTN yafika kumgangatho weendleko nangona umgama. Njengoko igama libonisa, liqukethe ukutshintshwa kwamanqaku angundoqo kwiintanethi. Ezi zitshintshini zisebenza njengeendawo zokunxibelelana phakathi kweyiphi na indawo kunye nenye enye kwinethiwekhi. Ngale ndlela, umntu omnye unokuthetha nomnye ngaphesheya kwenethiwekhi yelizwe lonke, ngokuba ekupheleni kwesekethe equkethe inani lokutshintsha phakathi kwabo.
Olu dluli lunikezelwe kumaqela amabini ahambelana nayo yonke ubude befowuni, ngoko ke izinga elihlawula ngalo ngomzuzu ngamnye wefownuni. Olu hlobo lokutshintsha lubizwa ngokuba yi-circuit-switching. IP amanethiwekhi afana ne-intanethi azisa ukujikeleza kwepakethe, esebenzisa enye inethiwekhi engundoqo kodwa ngaphandle kokugcina nayiphi na inxalenye yomgca. Izwi (kunye nedatha) imiyalezo yahlula kwiipakethi ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba zizipakethi ezazisasazwa ngokutshintshana ezizimeleyo komnye kwaye ziphinde zihlangane kwenye. Oku kwenza ukukhulumisana ngezwi ngaphandle kwe-Intanethi ngeVoIP.