Ngexesha elidlulileyo kwiminyaka engama-20, iplanethi iye yafunyaniswa ngokukodwa ngamanethiwekhi ekhompyutheni eentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwezi zinxibelelwano kusinceda sifunde indlela yokuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye kwandisa ulwazi lwethu ngehlabathi elijikelezayo. Le ntlawulo yechungechunge lwethu kwiKhompyutha yeeNkqubo zeTeknoloji ihlola njani iifayili - iinkqubo ze-hardware ezidibanisa kwinethwekhi kwaye ziqhagamshelana.
Yintoni eyenza idivayisi yedivayisi
Ayikho yonke ikhompyutha, igajethi ephathekayo, okanye esinye isixhobo esinakho ukujoyina inethiwekhi. Isixhobo senethiwekhi sinezinto eziphathekayo zonxibelelwano zokwenza izinto ezifanelekileyo eziphathekayo kwezinye iifowuni. Uninzi lwezixhobo zonxibelelwano zanxibelelwano lwekhompyutha zidibeneyo kwiibhodi zesekethe.
Amanye ama-PC, ii-Xbox ze-old game consoles, kunye namanye amacebo asekudala azinayo i-hardware yokunxibelelana eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kodwa angasetyenziselwa njengezixhobo zethungelwano ngokungena kwii- adapters zenethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo ngendlela ye- USB . I-PC ezindala kakhulu zekhompyutha zidinga ukufaka amaphepha amakhadi angeniso ahlukeneyo kwi-motherboard yeprogram, ephuma kwiKota Interface Card (NIC) .
Izizukulwana ezitsha zamashishini kunye nezixhobo zetekethi zakhiwa njengezixhobo zonxibelelwano xa izizukulwana ezindala zingekho. Ngokomzekelo, ii-thermostats zasendlini azizange ziqulethe nayiphi na i-hardware yezonxibelelwano, kwaye ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nenethiwekhi yendlu ngeendlela zokuhamba.
Ekugqibeleni, ezinye iindidi zezixhobo azixhaseli nonke. Iifowuni zabathengi ezingazange zakhiwe kwi-hardware yenethiwekhi okanye zamkela iipheripheriti zibandakanya i-Apple iPods endala, ii-televisions ezininzi, kunye ne-ovens.
ImiSebenzi yeDivaysi kwiNethiwekhi yeeKhompyutha
Amadivaysi kwiikhomputha zekhompuyutha asebenza kwiindima ezahlukileyo. Iindima ezibini eziqhelekileyo ngabaxumi kunye namaseva . Imizekelo yabathengi benethiwekhi iquka ii-PC, ii-fowuni kunye namacwecwe, kunye neeprinta zethungelwano . Ngokubanzi abaxhasi benze isicelo kwaye badle idatha egcinwe kumaseva enethiwekhi , izixhobo ngokubanzi zenzelwe imemori enkulu kunye / okanye i-disk yokugcina kunye nabaprofeti abaphezulu ukuxhasa abaxhasi. Imizekelo yamaseva enethiwekhi isebenza kumaseva wewebhu kunye namaseva emidlalo. Amanethiwekhi ngokwemvelo athambekele ekuxhaseni abathengi abaninzi kunamaseva. Bobabini abaklayenti kunye namaseva ngamanye amaxesha abizwa ngokuba ngamanethiwekhi omnatha.
Izixhobo zonxibelelwano zinakho ukukwazi ukusebenza njengabaxhasi kunye namaseva. Kwiontanga ukujonga inethwekhi , umzekelo, iimbini zezixhobo zikwabelana ngeefayili okanye enye idatha kunye, enye isebenza njengomncedisi ephethe idatha ethile ngelixa ekhulayo isebenza njengomxhasi ukuba acele idatha eyahlukileyo kwezinye iifayile zontanga.
IiNjongo zoNxibelelwano zeNjongo eziZodwa
Abaxhasi kunye neeseva zeseva banokuzongezwa okanye basuswe kwinethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuthintela ukunxibelelana kwamanye amacebo aseleyo. Ezinye iindidi ze-hardware yenethiwekhi, nangona kunjalo, zikhona ngenjongo yodwa yokuvumela inethiwekhi ukuba isebenze:
- I- hub yenethiwekhi yenza nayiphi na idide edibaniswe kuyo ukuze ithumele idatha kwabanye
- Umatshini womnxeba wenza umsebenzi ofanayo no-hubs kodwa uquka i-logic eyongezelelweyo ye-hardware evulela iindlela ezininzi zokunxibelelana ezivumela amaninzi amaninzi axhunyiwe ukuba athumele idatha ngqo komnye komnye kunokuba bonke abanye kwinethiwekhi njengama-hubs
- Iirejista zenethiwekhi zandisa ngakumbi amandla okutshintshela inethiwekhi ngokuxhasa uxhumano lwangaphandle ukusuka kwedwa ukuya kwezinye amanethiwekhi, ukuzihlanganisa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza komntu ngamunye.
- Umphindaphindi womnatha ufumana izibonakaliso zomzimba ezithunyelwa kuyo yonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi kwaye zikhulisa amandla abo (njengombane wamandla okanye oonomathotholo) ukwenzela ukuba uphawu luhambe ngeendlela ezide
- Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwefowuni nanamhla, ifowuni yesetrotho inxibelelanisa iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana ngokunxibelelana kunye nezinye izinto ezingafaniyo, njengamabridjethi anceda amadivaysi angenantambo ukuba ajoyine inethiwekhi yocingo. (I-teknoloji yamabhanti yamanje ihlala ihlanganiswe emzimbeni kwezinye iindidi zezixhobo.)