Zininzi iindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi ekhompyutheni yokugcinwa kwedatha ziye zavela kwiminyaka yamuva. Enye indlela eyaziwayo, iNethiwekhi yokuLondolozwa kweNgcaciso (NAS), ivumela amakhaya kunye namashishini ukuba agcine kwaye athathe imali eninzi yedatha ngokuthe xaxa ngaphambili.
Imvelaphi
Ngokomlando, ii- floppy drives ziye zazisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukwabelana ngeefayile zedatha, kodwa namhlanje iimfuno zokugcina zomntu oqhelekileyo zidlulile kunokuba zikwazi ukugqithisa. Amashishini ngoku agcina inani elikhulu kakhulu lamaxwebhu e-elektroniki kunye neeseti zokubonisa kuquka ividyo kliphu. Abasebenzisi bekhompyutheni yasekhaya, kunye nokufika kweefayile zomculo ze-MP3 kunye neemifanekiso zeJPEG ezifakwe kwiifoto, ngokunjalo zidinga ukugcinwa okukhulu nakakhulu.
Iiseva eziphambili zefayili zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokunxibelelanisa abaxhasi / abancedisi bee-network ukulungisa izi ngxaki zokugcina idatha. Ngendlela elula, umncedisi wefayile uqukethe i-PC okanye i-hardware yokusebenza isebenza kwinkqubo yokusebenza yenethwekhi (NOS) exhasa ukwabelana ngefayile (njengeNovell NetWare, UNIX® okanye iMicrosoft Windows). Imizila enzima efakwe kwiseva inikezela iigigabyte zendawo ngediski, kunye neetayili eziqhutywe kule ncedisi ziyakwandisa le mandla ngakumbi.
Iifayili zefayile ziqhayisa irekhodi elide lokuphumelela, kodwa amakhaya amaninzi, amaqela omsebenzi kunye namashishini amancinci akakwazi ukulungelelanisa icomputer epheleleyo-njongo ngokubanzi kwimisebenzi elula yokugcina idatha. Faka iNAS.
Yintoni i-NAS?
I-NAS imingeni indlela yokugcina ifayile yomdabu ngokudala iinkqubo ezenzelwe ukugcinwa kwedatha. Esikhundleni sokuqala ngekhomputha yenkqubo jikelele kunye nokuqwalasela okanye ukususa iimpawu ezivela kweso siseko, i-NAS izakhiwo ziqala ngamathambo angenanto efunekayo ukuxhasa ukuhanjiswa kwefayile kwaye wongeza impawu "ukusuka phezulu."
Njengamaseva eenkcubeko zendabuko, iNAS ilandela umxhasi / umncedisi wokuyila. Isixhobo esisodwa sekhompyutha, esibizwa ngokuba yi-NAS ibhokisi okanye iNAS intloko , isebenza njengendlela yokubonisana phakathi kwe-NAS kunye nabathengi benethiwekhi. Ezi zixhobo ze-NAS azifuni i-monitor, keyboard okanye mouse. Ngokuqhelekileyo baqhuba inkqubo yokusebenza efakwe ngaphandle kwe-NOS epheleleyo. Enye okanye ngaphezulu kwidiski (kwaye mhlawumbi itayipi) iya kudibanisa kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-NAS ukwenzela ukwandisa amandla onke. Abaxhasi bahlala bexhuma kwinhloko ye-NAS, nangona kunjalo, kunokuba zixhobo ezigcinwa ngabanye.
Abaxhasi bafumana i-NAS ngaphezu koxhumano lwe- Ethernet . I-NAS ibonakala kwinethiwekhi njenge "node" enye enye idilesi ye - IP yesicatshulwa.
I-NAS inokugcina nayiphi na idatha evela kwifom yeefayile, njengeibhokisi ze-imeyile, umxholo weWebhu, i-backups ye-remote, kunye njalo njalo. Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-NAS efana naleyo yamaseva eenkcukacha zendabuko.
Iinkqubo ze-NAS zenza umsebenzi othembekileyo kunye nokulawulwa lula. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya iimpawu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezifana ne-disk zendawo zendawo, ukuqinisekiswa okuqinisekileyo, okanye ukuthumela ngokuzenzekelayo izixwayiso ze-imeyile kufuneka ifunyenwe impazamo.
Protocols zeNAS
Ukunxibelelana nentloko ye-NAS kwenzeka ngaphezu kweTCP / IP. Ngokukodwa, abathengi basebenzise naziphi na iinkqubo eziphezulu zamanqanaba aphezulu ( ukusetyenziswa okanye ukulandelwa kwezihlandlo ezisixhenxe kwi- OSI model ) eyakhelwe phezulu kweTCP / IP.
Iiprotokholi ezimbini zezicelo eziqhelekileyo ezihambelana neNAS yiSet Network File System (i-NFS) kunye neNkqubo yeFayile ye-intanethi eqhelekileyo (i-CIFS). Zombini i-NFS kunye ne-CIFS isebenza kumfestile / umncedisi. Bobabini ngaphambi kweNAS yanamhlanje ngeminyaka emininzi; Umsebenzi wangaphambili kule protocols yenzeke ngawo-1980.
I-NFS yaqulunqwa ekuqaleni ukuze ikwabelane iifayile phakathi kweNNIX kwi- LAN . Inkxaso ye-NFS yakwandiswa ngokukhawuleza ukuquka iinkqubo ezingezizo ii-UNIX; Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi abathengi be-NFS namhlanje iikhomputha ziqhuba ezinye ivoramnkqubo ye-UNIX.
I-CIFS yayibizwa ngokuba yiServer Message Block (SMB). I-SMB yenziwe yi-IBM kunye ne-Microsoft ukuxhasa ukwabelana ngefayile kwi-DOS. Njengoko umgaqo-nkqubo wenziwa ngokubanzi kwiWindows, igama liguqulelwe kwiCIFS. Le protocol ibonakala namhlanje kwiinkqubo ze-UNIX njengenxalenye yephakheji ye- Samba .
Iinkqubo ezininzi ze-NAS nazo zixhasa iProtokholi yokuTshintshela iProtokholi (HTTP). Abaxhasi banokukhuphela iifayile kwi-Web browser yabo kwi-NAS exhasa i-HTTP. Iindlela ze-NAS zixhaphaza ngokubanzi i-HTTP njengendlela yokufikelela kwi-interfaces yolawulo lwe-Web-based administration.