Inittab-Linux / Unix Command

inittab ifom yefayile ye-inittab esetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-init ehambelana ne-Sysv

Inkcazo

Ifayile ye- inittab ichaza ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo eziqaliswe kwi-bootup kwaye ngexesha lokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo (umzekelo / /etc/init.d/boot, /etc/init.d/rc, gettys ...). I-Init (8) iyahlula amaninzi e- runlevels , nganye leyo ingaba neenkqubo zayo eziqalisiweyo. I-runlevels efanelekileyo i- 0 - 6 kunye ne- A , B , ne- C yeefowuni zokungena. Ukungena kwifayile ye- inittab inesakhiwo esilandelayo:

id: i-runlevels: isenzo: inkqubo

Imigqa eqala ngo- `# 'ayinakunyuswa.

I-ID yindlela elandelelanayo yokulandelana kweziqulatho ezi-1-4 ezichaza ukungena kwi- inittab (iinguqulelo ze sysvinit ezihlanganiswe neelayibrari <5.2.18 okanye iilayibrari ezilinganiselweyo).

Qaphela: Ukufumana i-gettys okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokungena ngemvume, insimu ye- id kufuneka ibe yintlinksi ye-tty ehambisanayo, umz. 1 we- tty1 . Ngaphandle koko, i-accounting account yokungena ingenakusebenza ngokuchanekileyo.

i-runlevels dwelisa i-runlevels apho kufuneka kuthathwe isenzo esicacisiwe.

isenzo sichaza ukuba yeyiphi inyathelo kufuneka ithathwe.

Inkqubo ichaza inkqubo eya kuqhutywa. Ukuba inkalo yenkqubo iqala ngohlamvu lwe `` +, init ayiyi kwenza uhlolo lwe-utmp kunye ne-wtmp kule nkqubo. Oku kuyadingeka ukuze ufumane i-gettys enyanzelisayo ekwenzeni indlu yawo yokugcina indlu / wtmp. Le nto ibhanki yembali.

Insimu ye- runlevels ingaba nobuninzi beempawu ze-runlevels ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, i- 123 icacisa ukuba inkqubo kufuneka iqalwe kwi-runlevels 1, 2, nakwi-3. I- runlevels zefowuni zingenayo i- A , B okanye i- C . Insimu ye- runlevels ye- sysinit , i- boot , kunye ne- bootwait zifakiwe.

Xa inkqubo ye-runlevel ishintshiwe, nayiphi na inkqubo eqhubayo engacacisiwe ukuba i-runlevel entsha ibulawe, okokuqala nge-SIGTERM, ngoko-SIGKILL.

Izenzo ezichanekileyo kwintsi yesenzo zi:

ukuhlaziywa

Inkqubo iya kuqaliswa kwakhona xa iphela (umz. Getty).

yima

Inkqubo iya kuqalwa kanye xa i-runlevel echaziweyo ingenisiwe kwaye init izalinda ukuphela kwayo.

Kanye

Inkqubo iya kuqhutywa emva kokuba i-runlevel echaziweyo ifakiwe.

qalisa

Inkqubo iya kuqhutywa ngexesha lokuqalisa. Insimu ye-runlevels iyayihoywa.

bootwait

Inkqubo iya kuqhutywa ngexesha lokuqalisa, ngelixa i- init ilinda ukuphela kwayo (umz / njl / rc). Insimu ye-runlevels iyayihoywa.

ukucima

Oku akwenzi nto.

ifuneka ngamandla

Inkqubo ephawulwe nge- onleem runlevel iya kwenziwa xa kunikwa i- runlevel ecacisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho tshintsho lwe- runlevel luya kwenzeka (i- ondemand runlevels '`,' b ', ne` c').

initdefault

Ukungeniswa kwe-initdefault kucacisa i-runlevel ekufuneka ifakwe emva kokuqalisa i-system. Ukuba akukho nanye ikhona, init iya kucela i-runlevel kwi-console. Inkundla yenkqubo ayinakunyuswa.

sysinit

Inkqubo iya kuqhutywa ngexesha lokuqalisa . Iya kuqhutywa phambi kokungena kwi- boot okanye i- bootwait . Insimu ye-runlevels iyayihoywa.

amandlawait

Inkqubo iya kwenziwa xa amandla ehla. I-Init idla ngokuziswa ngale nto ngenkqubo yokuthetha ne-UPS exhunywe kwikhompyutha. I-Init iya kulinda inkqubo yokugqiba ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

amandlafail

Ngokuphathelele i- powerwait , ngaphandle kokuba i- init ayilindelanga ukuba inkqubo iphele .

amandla

Le nkqubo iya kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza njengoko init ikwaziswa ukuba amandla abuyiselwe.

amandla

Le nkqubo iya kwenziwa xa i- init ixelelwa ukuba ibhetri ye-UPS yangaphandle ayinanto kwaye amandla ayaphumeleli (ngaphandle kokuba i-UPS yangaphandle kunye nenkqubo yokubeka esweni iyakwazi ukuyijonga le meko).

ctrlaltdel

Inkqubo iya kwenziwa xa i- init ithola uphawu lwe -SIGINT. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu kwi-console yenkqubo uxinzelele iqhosha le CTRL-ALT-DEL . Ngokuqhelekileyo umntu ufuna ukufeza uhlobo oluthile lokucima ukuba angene kumgangatho omnye womsebenzisi okanye aqalise umatshini.

kbrequest

Inkqubo iya kwenziwa xa i- init ithola isalathisi esuka kumphathi webhobhobhodi ukuba inhlanganisela yentloko ekhethekileyo icinezelwe kwikhibhodi yekhonsoli.

Amaxwebhu alo msebenzi ayigqibekanga okwamanje; amanye amaxwebhu atholakala kwiiphakheji ze-kbd-x.xx (ezona zifakwe kbd-0.94 ngeli xesha lokubhala). Ngokwenene ufuna ukufaka imephu yentsebenziswano yebhodibhodi kwi-"KeyboardSignal". Umzekelo, ukubeka imephu ye-Alt-Uparrow kule njongo sebenzisa oku kulandelayo kwifayile yakho yeefayile:

iqhosha lokubaluleka 103 = IkhibhodiSignal

I MI ZEKELO

Lo ngumzekelo we-inittab ofana ne-Linux inittab endala:

# inittab for linux id: 1: initdefault: rc :: bootwait: / etc / rc 1: 1: respawn: / etc / getty 9600 tty1 2: 1: respawn: / etc / getty 9600 tty2 3: 1: njl / i-gotty 9600 tty3 4: 1: i-respawn: / etc / getty 9600 tty4

Le fayili ye-inittab yenza / etc / rc ngexesha lokuqalisa kwaye iqalisa ukufumana i-tty1-tty4.

I- inittab eyongezelelekileyo eneenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo (jonga iimpendulo ngaphakathi):

# Umgangatho wokusebenza kwi-id: 2: initdefault: # Inkqubo yokuqalisa phambi kwanoma yini enye. si :: sysinit: /etc/rc.d/bcheckrc # I-Runlevel 0.6 iyanqamuka kwaye iqalise, 1 iyimo yongondlo. l0: 0: linda: /etc/rc.d/rc.halt l1: 1: linda: /etc/rc.d/rc.single l2: 2345: linda: /etc/rc.d/rc.multi l6: 6: ulinde: /etc/rc.d/rc.reboot # Yintoni oyenzayo kwi "3 saling finger". ca :: ctrlaltdel: / sbin / ukuvala -t5 -rf ngoku # Runlevel 2 & 3: getty kwi-console, inqanaba lesi-3 libuye lifike kwi-modem port. 1: 23: i-respawn: / sbin / getty tty1 iVC linux 2: 23: i-respawn: / sbin / getty tty2 iVC linux 3: 23: i-respawn: / sbin / getty tty3 i-linux 4: 23: i-respawn: / sbin / getty tty4 VC linux S2: 3: respawn: / sbin / uugetty ttyS2 M19200

Bona kwakho

init (8), i- telinit ( 8)

Kubalulekile: Sebenzisa umyalelo womntu ( % umntu ) ukubona indlela umyalelo usetyenziswa ngayo kwiikhomputha yakho ethile.