Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga neseva ye-DNS
Umncedisi we- DNS ngumncedisi wekhomputha oqulethe iinkcukacha zee- IP zamakheli kunye namagama abo ahambelana nawo, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ulungiselela ukulungisa, okanye ukuguqulela, lawo magama aqhelekileyo kwiilesi ze-IP njengoko ziceliwe.
Iiseva ze-DNS ziqhuba isofthiwe ekhethekileyo kwaye ixubana nomnye isebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo.
Kulula ngakumbi ukuqonda imigangatho: iseva ye-DNS kwi-intanethi yile divayisi eguqulela iWww. uthayiphe kwisiphequluli sakho kwidilesi engu - 151.101.129.121 eyiyo.
Qaphela: Amanye amagama kumncedisi we-DNS uquka igama lomncedisi, umncedisi wegama, kunye nomncedisi wegama lomhlaba.
Kutheni sifuna abaSebenzi beDNS?
Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa ngomnye umbuzo: Kulula yini ukukhumbula 151.101.129.121 okanye i- www. ? Uninzi lwethu luthi lulula kakhulu ukukhumbula igama elinje endaweni yomtya weenombolo.
Xa ufaka i- www. kwisiphequluli sewebhu, konke kufuneka uqonde kwaye ukhumbule i- URL https: // www. . Kuyafana nakwezinye iwebhusayithi njengeGoogle.com , Amazon.com , njl.
Okuphambene nenyani, nokuba, nangona thina njengabantu singakwazi ukuqonda amagama e-URL lula ngakumbi kunamanani edilesi ye-IP, ezinye iikhomputha kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano ziqonda idilesi ye-IP.
Ngoko ke, sinamaseva e-DNS kuba asifuni nje ukusebenzisa amagama afundwa ngabantu ukufikelela kwiwebhsayithi, kodwa iikhomputha kufuneka zisebenzise iidilesi ze-IP ukufikelela kwiwebhusayithi. Iseva ye-DNS kukuba ngumguquleli phakathi kwegama lomninimzi kunye nekheli le-IP.
I-Malware & amp; DNS Servers
Kuhlala kubalulekile ukuba usebenze inkqubo ye- antivirus . Esinye isizathu kukuba i- malware ingahlasela ikhomputha yakho ngendlela eguqula izicwangciso zeeseva ze-DNS, okuqinisekileyo into enqwenela ukuyenza.
Yithi umzekelo ukuba ikhomputha yakho isebenzisa i-Google DNS iseva 8.8.8.8 kunye ne- 8.8.4.4 . Ngaphantsi kwezi ncedisi ze-DNS, ukufikelela kwiwebhsayithi yakho yebhanki kwi-URL yebhanki yakho iya kulayisha iwebhusayithi efanelekileyo kwaye ikuvumele ukuba ungene ngemvume kwiakhawunti yakho.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-malware ishintshile izicwangciso zakho zeseva ye-DNS (ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kwemifanekiso ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho), ukungena kwi-URL efanayo kunokukuthatha kwiwebhsayithi ehluke ngokupheleleyo, okanye kubaluleke ngakumbi, kwiwebhsayithi ebonakala ngathi iwebhusayithi yakho yebhanki kodwa ngokwenene ayikho. Le ndawo yebhanki inokuthi ibonakale nje ngo kwenene kodwa kunokuba ikuvumele ungene ngemvume kwi-akhawunti yakho, inokuthi ibhale phantsi igama lakho lomsebenzisi kunye negama lephasiwedi, unike i-scammers lonke ulwazi abayidingayo ukufikelela kwi-akhawunti yakho yasebhanki.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngoko ke, i-malware eyenza i-server yakho i-DNS igqithise ngokubanzi iyalungiselela iiwebhsayithi ezidumileyo kwiindawo ezipapashwe kwiintengiso okanye kwiiwebhsayithi zefostile ezikwenza ukuba ucinge ukuba kufuneka uthenge inkqubo yokucoca ikhomputer ekhuselweyo.
Kukho izinto ezimbini omele uyenze ukuze ugweme ukuba yixhoba ngale ndlela. Eyokuqala ukufaka inkqubo ye-antivirus ukwenzela ukuba iinkqubo ezinobungozi zibanjwe ngaphambi kokuba zenze umonakalo. Okwesibini kukuqaphela indlela i-website ibonakala ngayo. Ukuba kuthe kancinci kwinto ebonakala ngathi okanye ufumana "isitifiketi esingavumelekanga" kwisigqabini sakho, kusenokuba ngumqondiso wokuba ungumxholo wewebhusayithi.
Ulwazi olungakumbi kwi-DNS Servers
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iinkonzo ezimbini ze-DNS, iseva yokuqala kunye nesibini, zilungiswe ngokuzenzekelayo kwi- router yakho kunye / okanye ikhomputha xa uxhuma kwi- ISP yakho nge- DHCP . Unokuqwalasela iinkonzo ezimbini ze-DNS xa kwenzeka enye yazo ihluleka, emva koko ifowuni iya kubhenela ekusebenziseni iseva yesibili.
Ngelixa ezininzi iinkonzo ze-DNS zisebenza nge-ISP kwaye zijoliswe ukuba zisetyenziswe kuphela ngabathengi bazo, ukufikelela kwiindawo ezininzi zoluntu nazo ziyafumaneka. Uyabona uluhlu lwethu loncedo lwe-DNS kunye noluntu lwe-DNS kwi-listing-up-date kwaye Ndingayitshintsha njani i-DNS Servers? ukuba ufuna uncedo olwenza utshintsho.
Amanye amaseva e-DNS anganika ixesha lokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kunabanye kodwa lixhomekeke kuphela kwixesha elide kuthatha idivayisi yakho ukufikelela kwi-DNS iseva. Ukuba iinkonzo ze-DNS zakho ze-ISP zisondele ngakumbi kune-Google, umzekelo, ngoko unokufumana ukuba iadesi zixazululwe ngokukhawuleza zisebenzisa amaseva apheleleyo kwi-ISP yakho kunokuba iseva yomntu wesithathu.
Ukuba ujongene nemiba yenethiwekhi apho kubonakala ngathi akukho webhusayithi iza kulayisha, kungenzeka ukuba kukho umba ne-DNS iseva. Ukuba umncedisi we-DNS akakwazi ukufumana idilesi ye-IP echanekileyo ehambelana negama lomniniso olifakayo, iwebhusayithi ayiyi kulayisha. Kwakhona, oku kubangelwa ukuba iikhomputha zithengisa ngee dilesi ze-IP kwaye zingabizo amagama-khomputha-i-computer ayiyazi into ozama ukuyifumana ngaphandle kokuba ingasebenzisa idilesi ye-IP.
Izilungiselelo zeseva ze-DNS "eziseduze" kwidivaysi zizo zisetyenziswa kuyo. Umzekelo, ngelixa i-ISP yakho ingasebenzisa isethi enye yeeseva ze-DNS ezisebenza kuzo zonke iir routers ezixhunyiwe kuso, umbane wakho unokusebenzisa isethi eyahlukileyo eya kusetyenziswa izicwangciso zeeseva ze-DNS kuwo onke amacebo axhunyiwe kwi-router. Nangona kunjalo, ikhomputha exhunywe kwi-router ingasebenzisa izicwangciso zeseva ze-DNS ukuba zithwale ngaphezulu kwazo ezibekwa yi-router kunye ne-ISP; enye inokuthiwa kumacwecwe , iifowuni, njl.
Sichaze ngasentla malunga nendlela iinkqubo ezinobungozi zingathatha ngayo ukulawula izicwangciso zakho zeeseva zeDNS kwaye zigqithise ngeeseva ezithumela izicelo zakho kwiwebhusayithi kwenye indawo. Nangona oku kuqinisekileyo into enokuyenza, iindawo ezifumaneka kwiinkonzo ezithile zeDNS njenge-OpenDNS, kodwa isetyenziswe ngendlela enhle. Ngokomzekelo, i-OpenDNS inokuhambisa iiwebhsayithi ezindala, iiwebhsayithi zezokugembula, iiwebhusayithi zentlalo yoluntu kunye nokunye, kwiphepha "elivinjiweyo", kodwa ulawulo olupheleleyo phezu kokubuyiselwa.
Umyalelo we-nslookup usetyenziswa ukubuza umsebenzisi wakho we-DNS.
Qala ngokuvula i-Command Prompt tool kwaye uthayiphe oku kulandelayo:
nslookup... omele ukubuyisela into enje:
Igama: Iilalesi: 151.101.193.121 151.101.65.121 151.101.1.121 151.101.129.121Kumzekelo ongentla, umyalelo we-nslookup uxelela idilesi ye-IP, okanye idilesi ezininzi ze-IP kulo mzekelo, ukuba Idilesi oyifakayo kwi-bar yomkhangeli wakho wokukhangela ingayi guqula.
I-DNS Root Servers
Kukho inani lee-DNS kwiiseva ezikuxhomekeke kwiikhomputha esizibiza nge-intanethi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i- DNS yeenkcukacha zeseva ezigcina i-database epheleleyo yamagama wesizinda kunye nee-ad adware ze-IP ezichaphazelekayo.
Ezi ncedisi ze-DNS eziphezulu zibizwa ngokuba ngu-A nge-M kwiibalo zokuqala ezi-13 ze-alfabhethi. Ezilishumi zala mavava ase-US, enye eLondon, enye yaseStockholm, enye eYapan.
U-IANA ugcina olu luhlu lwee-DNS zeseva ezincedisayo ukuba unomdla.