Ukubukeka nokuvakalelwa, okanye "isitayela" sewebhusayithi ilawulwa yiCSS (i-Cascading Style Sheets). Le fayile oyongeza kwiziko lakho lewebhu eliza kuqulethe imithetho eyahlukeneyo yeCSS eyenza ukuyila nokubonakala kwamaphepha akho.
Nangona iindawo zingasebenzisa, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zenza, sebenzisa amanqaku amaphepha amaninzi, akufuneki ukwenza njalo. Unokubeka yonke imithetho yakho yeCSS kwifayile enye, kwaye ngokwenene kunenzuzo yokwenza njalo, kubandakanywa ixesha lokulayisha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza kwamaphepha kuba akudingeki ukuba ulandele iifayile ezininzi. Ngelixa zikhulu kakhulu, iisayithi zoshishino zingadinga amashidi ehlukeneyo ngamanye amaxesha, amaninzi amaninzi ukuya kumasayithi aphakathi angenza kakuhle kakuhle ngefayile enye. Le nto endiyisebenzisayo kwinkoliso yam yomsebenzi webwebhu - iifayile ezifanayo zeCSS kunye nayo yonke imithetho yam yamaphepha ayifunayo. Ngoko umbuzo ngoku uya kuba yiyiphi na ifayili yeCSS?
UkuQinisekisa iiNqobo zeNkcazo
Xa udala ifayile yesitayela yangaphandle kumaphepha akho ewebhu, kufuneka ufake igama kwifayile elandela imixholo efanayo yeefayile zakho ze-HTML:
Ungasebenzisi iiMpawu ezizodwa
Kufuneka usebenzise kuphela ii-letters az, iinombolo 0-9, i-underscore (_), kunye ne-hyphens (-) kumagama akho eefayile ze-CSS. Nangona iifayile yakho inokuvumela ukuba wenze iifayile kunye nabanye abalinganiswa kuzo, iseva yakho OS ingaba nemiba kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo. Ukhuselekile usebenzisa kuphela abalinganiswa okukhankanywe apha. Emva kwakho konke, nokuba ngaba umncedisi wakho uvumela abantu abakhethekileyo, oko kungenjalo ukuba ngaba unquma ukuhambisa ababoneleli bemihlali kwixesha elizayo.
Musa ukusebenzisa nayiphina indawo
Kanye njengabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo, izikhala zingabangela iingxaki kwi-server yakho yewebhu. Ingcinga efanelekileyo yokuziphepha kumafayile akho. Ndenza nokuba yiyona nkcazo ukubiza iifayile ezifana nePSs usebenzisa ezi ndibano ezifanayo, nje ukuba ndifuna ukuzongeza kwiwebhusayithi. Ukuba unomuva ufuna i-space ukwenza igama lefayile lilula ukulifunda, khetha i-hyphens okanye ugxininise endaweni yoko. Imimiselo, endaweni yokusebenzisa "le fayile.pdf" Ndiya kusebenzisa "le-yi-fayile.pdf".
Igama lefayile kufuneka liqale ngeleta
Nangona oku akusiyo imfuneko epheleleyo, ezinye iinkqubo zinenkathazo ngamagama efayile angayibanga ngeleta. Umzekelo, ukuba ukhetha ukuqala ifayile yakho ngenani lombolo, oku kungabangela imiba.
Sebenzisa zonke iiNkundla ezingezantsi
Nangona oku kungadingeki igama lomnxeba, ingcamango enhle, njengoko ezinye iiseva zewebhu zi-sensitive cases, kwaye ukuba uyayikhohlwa kwaye ubhekisela kwifayile kwimeko ehlukile, ayiyi kulayisha. Kumsebenzi wam, ndisebenzisa amagama amacaleni amancinci kuwo onke amagama efayile. Ndiyifumene le nto into yokuba abaninzi abakhi bewebhu abazabalazela ukukhumbula ukukwenza. Isenzo sawo esingagqibekanga xa ukhetha i fayile kukuhlaziya umlingiswa wokuqala wegama. Gwema oku kwaye ungene kumkhwa wabalinganiswa abancinci kuphela.
Gcina igama lefayile libe mfutshane njengoko linokwenzeka
Nangona kukho umda wegama lefayile kwifayile kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza, ixesha elide kunokuba lunengqiqo ngegama lefayile yeCSS. Umthetho omhle wesithupha ungekho ngaphezu kweenhlamvu ezingama-20 kwigama lefayile engabandakanyi ukongezwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, nantoni na ixesha elide kunokuba lingabonakali ukusebenzisana kunye nokudibanisa nanoma kunjalo!
Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yegama lakho leFayile yeCSS
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yegama lefayile yeCSS akulona igama lefayile ngokwalo, kodwa ukongezwa. Izandiso azidingeki kwiinkqubo ze-Macintosh kunye neLinux, kodwa yinto efanelekileyo yokufaka enye nangoko xa ubhala ifayile yeCSS. Ngaloo ndlela uya kuhlala uyazi ukuba ngumfanekiso wesitayela kwaye akufanele uvule ifayile ukuqinisekisa ukuba yikuphi ikamva.
Mhlawumbi akuyiyo into emangalisayo, kodwa ukongezwa kwifayili yakho yeCSS kufuneka kube:
.cssIingqungquthela zeefayile zegama leCSS
Ukuba ngaba uya kuba nefayili enye yeCSS kwisayithi, ungayigama yonke into oyithandayo. Ndikhetha:
izitayela.css okanye default.cssEkubeni uninzi lwamaziko endisebenza ngalo lubandakanya iifayile ezifanayo zeCSS, la magama asebenza kakuhle kum.
Ukuba iwebhusayithi yakho izakusebenzisa iifayile ezininzi zeCSS, gama igama lamastiyiti emva komsebenzi walo ngoko kucacile ukuba yintoni injongo yefayile nganye. Ukususela kwiphepha lewebhu lingabinamaqabunga amaninzi afakwe kuwo, kunceda ukwahlula izitayela zakho zibe ngamaphepha ahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yaloo shici kunye nezitayela ngaphakathi kuyo. Umzekelo:
- I-Layout vs Design layout.css design.css
- Amacandelo amacandelo e- main.css nav.css
- Isayithi lonke elinamacandelwana angundoqo.css subpage.css
Ukuba iwebhusayithi yakho isebenzisa isakhelo sohlobo oluthile, uya kuqaphela ukuba isebenzisa iifayile ezininzi ze-CSS, ngasinye sizinikezele kwiingxenye ezahlukeneyo zamaphepha okanye imiba yesayithi (typography, umbala, isakhiwo, njl).
Inqaku loqobo loJennifer Krynin. Ehlelwe nguJeremy Girard ngomhla we-9 / 5/17