Idilesi ye-MAC imele ikhonkco lomzimba we-adapter yomnxeba, ngelixa idilesi ye - IP ibonisa idilesi yecebo elungileyo kwiinkonzo zeTCP / IP . Kuphela kwiimeko ezithile ezithile umsebenzisi womsebenzisi angachaza idilesi ye - IP ehambelana ne-adapter xa ekwazi kuphela idilesi yayo ye-MAC.
I-ARP kunye nezinye iinkonzo ze-TCP / IP Inkxaso yeeNkcukacha ze-MAC
Ngoku iiprotokholi ze-TCP / IP ezingapheliyo ezibizwa ngokuba yiRARP (i-ARP ye-ARP) kunye ne-InARP inokufumanisa iidilesi ze-IP kwiikheli ze-MAC. Ukusebenza kwabo kuyingxenye ye- DHCP . Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kweDHCP kulawula idatha ye-MAC ne-IP, i-protocol ayivumeli ukuba abasebenzisi bakwazi ukufikelela kule datha.
Isakhiwo esakhelwe kwi-TCP / IP, i- Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) iguqulela iidilesi ze-IP kwiilesi ze-MAC. I-ARP ayilungiselelwe ukuguqulela iidilesi ngenye indlela, kodwa idatha yayo inokunceda kwiimeko ezithile.
Inkxaso ye-ARP yeCache yee-MAC kunye neeNdawo ze-IP
I-ARP igcina uluhlu lweedilesi ze-IP kunye nee-adoni ze-MAC ezibizwa ngokuba yi- ARP cache . Ezi caches zifumaneka kwi-adapters nganye yechungechunge nakwii- routers . Ukusuka kwi-cache kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane idilesi ye-IP kwidilesi ye-MAC; Nangona kunjalo, umbane ulinganiselwe kwiintlobo ezininzi.
Iiprosoft Protocol zecandelo zifumana iidilesi nge- Intanethi yokuLawula iMyalezo ye-Intanethi (ICMP) (njengalezo ezibangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwemithetho ye- ping ). Ukuqwalasela isistim esikude ukusuka kunoma yimuphi umxhasi kuza kubangela ukuhlaziywa kwe-ARP cache kwisixhobo sokucela.
Kwi-Windows nakwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza zenethwekhi , umyalelo we "arp" unika ukufikelela kwi-cache yase-ARP yangaphakathi. Kwi-Windows, umzekelo, ukuthayipha "i-arp -a" kumyalelo (DOS) i-prompt izakubonisa zonke izinto ezifakwayo kwikhompyutheni ye-ARP yekhompyutha. Le ngqolowa inokungabi nalutho ngezinye iinkcazo kuxhomekeke kwindlela intanethi yendawo edibene ngayo, Eyona nto, i-cache ye-ARP yecomputer idibanise iqulethe ukungena kwezinye iikhomputha kwi- LAN .
Uninzi lwee- router zasekhaya ezisetyenziselwa ukujonga i-ARP caches nge-console yabo. Lo mbonakalo ubonakalisa idilesi ze-IP kunye ne-MAC kuzo zonke iifowuni ngoku zidibene nenethwekhi yasekhaya. Qaphela ukuba ii-routers azilondolozi iimephu zeedesi ze-IP-to-MAC kubaxhasi kwamanye amanethiwekhi ngaphandle kweyabo. Izibhengezo zezixhobo ezikude zingabonakala kuluhlu lwe-ARP kodwa idilesi ze-MAC kuboniswe ukuba yindlela yomnatha wokude, kungekhona kwisixhobo somthengi sangasemva kwe-router.
I-Software Software yeCandelo elijongene neeNethwekhi zoShishino
Amanethiwekhi ekhompyutheni amashishini amakhulu asombulula ingxaki yeemephu ze-adware ze-MAC-to-IP ngokufakela ii-agent zecomputer ezikhethekileyo kubaxhasi babo. Ezi nkqubo zesofthiwe, ngokusekelwe kwiNkqubo yoLwazi lweNkqubo yoLwazi oluPhezulu (SNMP) , zibandakanya amandla okubizwa ngokuba yi- network discovery . Ezi nkqubo zithumela imiyalezo kwi-arhente kwisixhobo ngasinye somnxeba isicelo sobabini be-IP ne-MAC idilesi yelo fowuni. Inkqubo ifumana emva koko igcina iziphumo kwitheyibhile yecala ehlukileyo kwi-ARP nganye.
Amaqumrhu alawula ngokupheleleyo ii- intranet zabo zangasese zisebenzisa i-software yolawulo lwenethiwekhi njengendlela (ngezinye iindleko) indlela yokulawula i-hardware yabaxumi (nokuba nabo). Izixhobo zabathengi eziqhelekileyo njengamafowuni asinayo ama-Agent SNMP afakelwe, akukho asebenzayo abasebenzisi bee-network abasebenza njengeSNMP.