Ii-URL kunye nee-IP zamakheli ngamacala amabini enye
Kwi-intanethi, idilesi ye-IP yokuloba ibhekisela kwinkqubo yokuguqulela phakathi kwamakheli e-IP kunye negama le-intanethi ye-intanethi. Idilesi ye-IP yokudibanisa idilesi iguqula igama le-intanethi kwidilesi ye-IP. I-reverse IP idilesi yokuguqula iguqula inombolo ye-IP kwigama. Ngenxa yobuninzi babasebenzisi bekhompyutheni, le nqubo ivela emva kweemifanekiso.
Iyiphi idilesi ye-IP?
I-Intanethi ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi (Idilesi ye-Intanethi) yinani elikhethekileyo elinikezelwe kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha ezifana neikhomputha, ii-smartphone kunye namacwecwe. Idilesi ye-IP isetyenziselwa ukuchonga idivaysi ekhethekileyo kunye nedilesi. Iiplani ze-IPv4 zinamanani angama-32-bits, angabonelela malunga namanani amabhiliyoni angama-4. Inguqulelo entsha yeprotocol ye-IP (IPv6) inikezela inani elingenamkhawulo lamakheli athile.
Umzekelo, idilesi ye-IPv4 ibonakala ngathi i-151.101.65.121, ngelixa idilesi ye-IPv6 ibonakala ngo-2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8844.
Kutheni i-Intanethi ye-IP yokuLungisa ikhona
Idilesi ye-IP yinkalo ende yeenombolo ezinzima kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi wekhomputha ukuba akhumbule, kwaye iyakwazi ukufumana iimpazamo zokubhala. Kunoko, abasebenzisi bekhompyutha bafaka ii-URL ukuya kwiwebhusayithi. Ii-URL zilula ukukhumbula kwaye kuncinci ukuba zineenkcukacha zepropati. Nangona kunjalo, ii-URL kufuneka ziguqulelwe kwiidilesi ze-IP zamanani ezide, ngoko ikhompyutha iyazi ukuba iya kuphi.
Abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo bahlela i-URL kwisibhrawuza sewebhu kwiikhompyutheni okanye kwiselula. I-URL iya kwi-router okanye i-modem, eyenza i-Domain Name Server (DNS) phambili ngokukhangela usebenzisa itafile yokuhamba. Idilesi ye-IP ephawulayo ibonisa i-website umsebenzisi ofuna ukuyijonga. Inkqubo ayibonakali kubasebenzisi abona kuphela iwebhusayithi ehambelana ne-URL abayifaka kwi-bar yekheli.
Uninzi lwabasebenzisi abanqabile ukuba banokukhathazeka nge-IP lookups. Ziye zisetyenziselwa ukuxilwa kwenethiwekhi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukufumana igama le-domain yekheli le-IP elibangela ingxaki.
IiNkonzo zokuLungisa
Iinkonzo ezininzi ze-intanethi zenkxaso zimbini phambili kwaye ziguqule i-IP yokufumana iidilesi zomntu . Kwi-intanethi, ezi zinkonzo zithembele kwiNkqubo yegama leNdawo kwaye ziyaziwa njenge- DNS lookup kwaye zibuyiselela iinkonzo ze-DNS lookup.
Kwisikolo okanye inethiwekhi yommandla wengingqi , i-IP ye-address lookups nayo ikhona. Ezi ntanethi zisebenzisa amaseva egama langaphakathi enza imisebenzi enokufaniswa neye-DNS kumaseva kwi-intanethi. Ukongeza kwi-DNS, iWindows Internet Naming Service yinto enye iteknoloji engasetyenziselwa ukwakha iinkonzo zokungena kwi-IP kwiinkcukacha zangasese.
Ezinye iindlela zokubiza
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, phambi kokufika kwe-IP enamandla, amaninzi amanxibelelwano-ntengiso ayinamaseva egama kunye nokulawulwa kwe-IP yangasese ngokusebenzisa iifayile zendawo. Iifayile zeMikhosi ziqulethe uluhlu olulula lwee dilesi ze-IP kunye namagama ekhompyutha anxulumene. Le ndlela yokukhangela i-IP isasetyenziselwa kumanethiwekhi athile e-Unix. Ingasetyenziselwa kumanethwekhi asekhaya ngaphandle kwe-router kunye ne-IP static addressing kwindawo.
Iprotocol ye-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ilawula ngokuzenzekelayo idilesi ze-IP kwinethiwekhi. I-DHCP- intanethi ehleliweyo incike kwiseva ye-DHCP ukugcina iifayile ezinkulu. Emakhaya amaninzi namashishini amancinci, i-router iseva ye-DHCP. Umncedisi we-DHCP uqaphela uluhlu lweekheli ze-IP, kungekhona idilesi enye ye-IP. Ngenxa yoko, idilesi ye-IP ingahluka ngexesha elizayo umsebenzisi angena kwi-URL. Ukusebenzisa uluhlu lwamakheli e-IP luvumela abantu abaninzi ukuba bajonge lewebhu ngokufanayo.
Iiprogram zeeNkonzo ezibonelelwe kwinkqubo yoxhumo lwenethiwekhi yekhompyutheni zivumela idilesi ye-IP kwi- LAN zombini kunye ne-intanethi. Kwi-Windows, umzekelo, umyalelo we- nslookup uxhasa i-lookups ngamaseva wegama kunye neenkcukacha zeefayile. Kukho nakwiindawo zoluntu zakwa-nslookup kwi-intanethi kubandakanya igama.space, Kloth.net, Network-Tools.com, kunye neCentOps.net.