I-Interface Programming Application (API) ivumela abaxhasi beekhompyutheni ukuba bafumane ukusebenza kweemodyuli zeekhompyutha kunye neenkonzo. I-API ichaza izakhiwo zedatha kunye neenkomfa zeefowuni ezingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa izicelo ezikhoyo kunye nezixhobo ezintsha, kwaye ukwakha izicelo ezintsha ngokupheleleyo kwizinye izixhobo zesofthiwe. Ezinye zale API zixhasa ngokukodwa inkqubo yoxhumo lwenethiwekhi .
Inkqubo yoNxibelelwano luhlobo lophuhliso lwesofthiwe lwezicelo ezidibeneyo kunye nokunxibelelana kumanethiwekhi ekhompyutha kuquka ne-intanethi. Ama-API enethiwekhi anika iingongoma zokungena kwiiprotokholi kunye neelayibrari zesetyenziswe ngokutsha. I-API yeeNethiwekhi zenkxaso yeeWebhsayithi zewebhu, i-Web yolwazi, kunye ezininzi zeefowuni zokusebenza. Zixhaswa ngokubanzi kwiilwimi ezininzi zeenkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza.
I-Socket Programming
Inkqubo yenethiwekhi yesintu ilandele umzekelo wabaxhasi . Ii-APIs eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhunywa kwenethiwekhi yabaxhasi ziye zaphunyezwa kwiilayibrari ezisekelwe kwiinkqubo zokusebenza. Iziseko zeBerkeley kunye neZiseko zeWindows (Winsock) APIs ziyimigangatho emibini eyimfuneko yenkqubo yokwenza isithuba seminyaka emininzi.
Iifowuni zeNkqubo ezikude
I-APC API iseza ubuchule bokucwangcisa iisetyenziselwano zokunxibelelanisa ngokufaka ukongeza izixhobo zokufaka izicelo kwiindawo ezikude kunokuthumela imilayezo kubo. Ngenxa yokuqhuma kokukhula kwiWebhu yeWebhu yeWebhu (WWW) , i- XML-RPC yavela njengendlela enye eyaziwayo ye-RPC.
IProject Access Protocol (SOAP)
I-SOAP yaqulunqwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990 njengendlela yenethiwekhi yokusebenzisa i-XML njengefomathi yomyalezo wayo kunye ne- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) njengezothutho. I-SOAP yenzeke ngokulandelelanayo kwezi nkqubo zeenkonzo zeWeb kwaye zasebenza ngokubanzi kwizicelo zoshishino.
Ukutshintshela kweeNdawo (I-REEST)
I-REST enye imodeli yenkqubo ekwasetyenzisa iinkonzo zeWebhu ezifikile kwindawo esanda kutshanje. Njenge-SOAP, i-REST API isebenzisa i-HTTP, kodwa esikhundleni se-XML, i-REEST izicelo zikhetha ukusetyenziswa kweJavascript Object Notation (JSON) endaweni yoko. I-REST ne-SOAP ihluke kakhulu kwiindlela zabo zolawulo lwelizwe kunye nokukhuseleko, zombini ezibalulekileyo iinkqubo kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi. Iifowuni zefowuni zinokusetyenziswa okanye zingasebenzisi ii-API zenethiwekhi, kodwa zona zihlala zisebenzisa i-REST.
Ikusasa lama-API
Zombini i-SOAP kunye ne-REST iyaqhubeka isetyenziselwa ukuphuhliswa kweenkonzo zewebhu. Ukuba yinknoloji ye-teknoloji entsha kunokuba i-SOAP, UKUPHILA kunokwenzeka ukuba kuguqulwe kwaye kuveliswe ezinye izixhobo zokuphuhlisa i-API.
Iinkqubo zokusebenza ziye zashintsha ukuze zixhase ubuchwepheshe obutsha be-Network API. Kwiinkqubo zokusebenza zanamhlanje njenge-Windows 10, umzekelo, iziseko ziyaqhubeka zibe yi-API eyintloko, kunye ne-HTTP kunye nolunye uncedo olongezelelweyo olutywe phezulu kwi-REST style network program.
Njengokuba kunjalo rhoqo kwiinkompyutha, ubuchwephesha obutsha buvame ukugqithisa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba abadala bebephelile. Khangela uphuhliso olutsha olumnandi lwe-API olwenzekayo ngokukodwa kwimimandla yefayili yekhompyutha kunye ne- Intanethi yezinto (IoT) , apho iimpawu zezixhobo kunye nemodeli yazo yokusetyenziswa zihluke kakhulu kwiindawo zenkqubo yokunxibelelana kwenethiwekhi.