I-Drive-by-wire yi-catch-all term that can refer to a number of systems electronics that take or increase the control of mechanical controls. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa iimbambo, uxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, kunye nezinye iindlela zokubonelela umqhubi ngokulawula ngqo, ukulawula ngokomzimba kwisantya okanye kwisikhokelo sithuthi, i-drive-by-wire iteknoloji isebenzisa ulawulo lwe-elektroniki ukwenza i-brakes, ukulawula ulawulo kunye nokusebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo.
Kukho iinkqubo ezintathu zokulawula izithuthi eziqhelekileyo zitshintshwa ngokulawula i-electronics: i-throttle, i-brakes, kunye nokuhamba. Xa kufakwe indawo ye-x-by-wire, ezinye iinkqubo zibizwa ngoku:
Ulawulo lwe-Electronic Throttle
Ifomu eqhelekileyo ye-x-by-wire iteknoloji kwaye kulula ukuyifumana endle ngumbutho wekhompyutha. Ngokungafani nokulawulwa kwimizila ye-throttle evolisa i-gas kwintambo ye-throttle nge-mechanical cable, ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa i-series sensors electronics kunye ne-actuators.
Izithuthi ezinokulawulwa kwamafutha ziye zasebenzisa amasenti eminyaka. Ezi zivalo zitsho nje zixelele ikhompyutheni isikhundla se-throttle. I-throttle ngokwayo isasebenza ngetambo yenyama. Kwizithuthi ezisetyenziselwa ulawulo lwe-electronic throttle control (ETC), akukho nxu lumano phakathi kwe-gas pedal kunye ne-throttle. Kunoko, i-gas pedal ithumela uphawu olubangela i-actuator ye-electromechanical ukuvula i-throttle.
Oku kudlalwa njengoluhlobo olukhuselekileyo lwe-teknoloji ye-drive-by-wire, njengoko kulula kakhulu ukuphumeza olu hlobo lwenkqubo kunye noyilo olungenasiphelo. Ngendlela efanayo apho i-throttle iyakusondela xa i-cable ye-throttle i-brake kunye ne-imoto iya kuthoba ngokukhawuleza kwaye iyeke, iinkqubo ze-electronics control controls zingenziwa ukuze ivalwe xa i-throttle ivala ukuba ingasayifumana isignali kwi-sensor sensor .
I-Brake-Wire-Technologies
I-teknoloji ye-Brake-wire idlalwa njengeyona yingozi ngaphezu kolawulo lwe-electronic throttle kuba kubandakanya ukususa nayiphi na uxhulumano phakathi komqhubi kunye namabhuleki. Nangona kunjalo, i-brake-by-wire empeleni iyimbonakalo yobuchwephesha obuvela kwi-electro-hydraulic kwi-electromechanical, kwaye zombini inokuyilwa ne-safe-ephees engqondweni.
Amabhuleki aqhelekileyo asebenzisa i-master cylinder kunye ne-slave-cylinders eziningana. Xa umqhubi ephosa kwi-pedal ye-brake, usebenza ngokunyanzelekayo kwi-master cylinder. Kwiimeko ezininzi, olo xinzelelo lucaciswa yiphuseli yokucoca okanye i-hydraulic brake booster. Uxinzelelo luye lugqithwe ngeendlela zokuhlawulela kumabhonki okanye kwiisilinda.
Iinkqubo zokuqhawula i-anti-lock zangokuqala kwandulela-phambili yezobuchwephesha ze-brake-by-wire zamanje, ngoxa zavumela iibheki zithuthi ukuba zihanjiswe ngokuzenzekelayo zingenakho umqhubi wokufaka. Oku kufezwa ngumbaneli wekhompyutha owenza i-brake hydraulic esebenzayo, kwaye ezinye iinkqubo zobuchwepheshe bokukhusela zakhiwe kule siseko. Ukulawula ukuzinza kwe-elekthroniki, ukulawula ukulandelelana , kunye neenkqubo zokurhweba ngokuzenzekelayo zonke zixhomekeke kwi-ABS kwaye zihambelane ngokuthe ngqo kwitheknoloji ye-brake-wire.
Kwizithuthi ezisebenzisa i-electro-hydraulic technology-brake-wire-wire technology, abaxhasi abakho kwivili ngalinye baqhubekile ngokusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, abahambelani ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cylinder yomsebenzi eyenziwa ngokuchukumisa i-pedal pedal. Esikhundleni saloo nto, ukuxhoma kwi-pedal ye-brake ivula inzwa okanye i-series of sensors. Iyunithi yokulawula ke ibone ukuba kuninzi kangakanani amandla okuqhaqhaqhayisa kwivili ngalinye kwaye isebenze i-hydraulic caliperers njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Kwiinkqubo zokuhlamba i-electromechanical, akukho nxalenye ye-hydraulic. Ezi nkqubo zinyaniso-nge-wire zisasebenzisa iinjenisi ukucacisa ukuba kusetyenziswe amandla amaninzi, kodwa loo mandla ayadluliselwa nge-hydraulics. Endaweni yoko, i-actuators esebenzisa i-electromechanical actuators isetyenziselwa ukuvula iibhuleki ezisevili ngalinye.
I-Steer-By-Wire Technologies
Uninzi lwezithuthi zisebenzisa i-rack kunye ne-pinion unit okanye imbumbulu kunye necandelo elilawulayo imoto edibeneyo kunye nevili. Xa isondo elijikelezayo lijikelezayo, i-rack kunye ne-pinion unit okanye ibhokisi yokuqhuba iyajika. I-unit kunye ne-pinion unit inokusebenzisa i-torque kumajoyini ebhola ngeentambo zomtya, kunye nebhokisi elilawulayo liya kuhambisa ukuxhamla ngokubambisana ngeengalo ze-pitman.
Kwizithuthi ezixhotyiswe ngeteknoloji ye-steer-by-wire, akukho nxu lumano phakathi kwevili kunye neevili. Enyanisweni, iinkqubo ze-steer-by-wire ayifuni ngokuzisebenzisayo ukusebenzisa iivili zokuhamba. Xa kusetyenziswe isondo sokuqhuba, uhlobo oluthile lokuhamba luziva lu-emulator lusetyenziswa ukubonelela umqhubi ngempendulo.
Ziziphi iinqwelo eziye zine-Technology-Wire-Wire?
Akukho zixhobo zokuvelisa nge-drive-by-wire ngokupheleleyo, kodwa inani labakhiqizi liye lazakhela izithuthi zengqiqo ezifanelekileyo. I-General Motors ibonise inkqubo ye-drive-by-wire ngo-2003 kunye nomqondo wayo we-Hy-Wire, kunye ne-Mazda ye-Ryuga ingcamango iphinde isebenzise iteknoloji ngo-2007. I-Drive-by-wire ingafumaneka kwizixhobo ezifana neetrekta kunye neengqwembe, kodwa kwanemoto kunye namaloli ukuba ulawulo lwamandla kagesi lusekho ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo.
Ulawulo lwe-elektroniki lugqithise kakhulu, kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zenza kunye neendlela zokusebenzisa i-teknoloji. I-Brake-by-wire ingafumaneka nakwiimodeli zokuvelisa, kwaye imizekelo emibini yeteknoloji yiToyota ye-Electronic Controlled Brake ne-Mercedes Benz ye-Sensotronic.
Ukuqwalasela Ikusasa leDrive-Wire-Wire
Iinkxalabo zokukhusela ziye zanciphisa ukwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe be-drive-by-wire. Iinkqubo zoMatshini ziyakwazi kwaye ziphumelele, kodwa iziphathimandla ezilawulayo ziyabona zizithembeke ngakumbi kunezixhobo zecomputer. Iinkqubo ze-Drive-by-wire nazo zibiza kakhulu kunezixhobo zokulawula ngenxa yokuthi zinzima kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ikamva le-teknoloji ye-drive-by-wire lingakhokelela ekuphuculweni kwenani elincinci. Ukususwa kolawulo lwezandla kungavumela abenzi be-automakers ukuba baqulunqe izithuthi ezihluke kakhulu kwiimoto kunye namaloli asendleleni namhlanje. Iimoto iimoto ezinjenge-Hy-Wire ziye zavumela ukuba ukucwangciswa kwendawo yokuhlala kuhanjiswe ngeenxa yokuba akukho mandla olawulo oluyalela ukuba umqhubi.
I-teknoloji ye-Drive-by-wire ingadibaniswa ne-teknoloji ye-car engenaqhubi, eya kuvumela izithuthi ukuba zisebenze kude okanye ngekhompyutha. Iiprojekthi zeemoto eziqhubekayo zangoku zisebenzisa ama-actuator-electro-actuators ukulawula ukuhamba, ukuxubha kunye nokukhawuleza, okuza kube lula ngokudibanisa ngqo kwi-teknoloji ye-drive-by-wire.