I-Tutorial: Indlela yokwakha iNethiwekhi yaseKhaya engenaNxibelelwano

by UBradley Mitchell

Isingeniso kumnatha womnatha wekhompyutha

Olu titshala luya kukukhokela kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa, ukwakha nokuvavanya inethiwekhi yasekhaya engenazintambo . Nangona ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi engena-wireless eyenziwe ngokungahambanga nantlupheko kuye kwenze imimangaliso emininzi kwiminyaka, i-teknoloji engena-wire kunye nesigama esinobuncinci zihlala nzima kuninzi lwethu ukuyiqonda. Esi sikhokelo siza kunceda abasebenzisi bezonxibelelwano abancinci, nabo!

Yakha i-LAN engenazintambo, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Unokwakha nayiphi na inethwekhi yomnxeba we- wireless, i-LAN engena - wire (WLAN) , usebenzisa le ndlela elula:

1. Khangela i-WLAN yoyilo eyona nto ibhetele kwiimeko zakho.
2. Khetha i-gear engenazo.
3. Faka ifowuni kwaye uvavanye iWLAN eqwalaselweyo.

Ndiza kuphula yonke le nyathelo ngokubanzi.

Ulungele ukuhamba nge-Wireless?

Eli nqaku licinga ukuba sele usenzile isinqumo esinolwazi sokuhamba ngaphandle kwentambo kunokuba ukhethe inethiwekhi yomdabu wendawo. Ixabiso liye lancipha ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, xa izithuthi ezingenazintambo zibiza kakhulu, ngoko ukuxhunyezwa kwezinto ze-hardware kufikeleleka ngoku, kodwa iinqanqa ezingenazintambo azikho bonke abantu (okwamanje). Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba i-wireless iya kufeza imfuno zakho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uphando ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugqiba okulungileyo kuwe.

Izinzuzo zeN Wireless

I-Wireless inikeza iinzuzo ezibonakalayo kwi-networking wired network. Ngaba wakha wazama ukukhawuleza ukhangele iresiphi kwi-Net ngeli xesha upheka ekhitshini? Ingaba abantwana badinga ikhompyutha edibeneyo kwigumbi labo lokulala kwiiprojekthi zesikolo? Ngaba uphupha ngokuthumela i-imeyile, ukuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza , okanye ukudlala imidlalo xa ukhulula kwi-patio yakho yangaphandle? Ezi zizinto ezinye zezinto ezingenazintambo ezinokukwenza:

I-Stop Next-Terminology

Intsimi yokunxibelelana kwekhomputha yekhompyutyhi yahlala igalelwe kwi-domain ye techies. Abavelisi bezixhobo, ababoneleli ngeenkonzo, kunye neengcali ezifundayo kwintsimi ye-intanethi zihlala zikhulu kakhulu kwiigumbi zobugcisa. Icandelo lee-intanethi ezingenazintambo liphucula ngokuthe ngcembe kweli lifa, okwenza imikhiqizo ingabonwa ngabathengi kwaye ilula ukudibanisa ekhaya. Kodwa kusekho umsebenzi omningi wokushishino. Masiqwalasele ngokukhawuleza kwiigama eziqhelekileyo zokunxibelelana kwee-wireless home and what it all mean.

Xa uphanda izixhobo ezingenazintambo zokuthenga, okanye ukuthetha ngeenethiwekhi ezingenazintambo kunye nabahlobo kunye nosapho, kufuneka ube nokuqonda okucacileyo kwesi sigama esisiseko.

Yintoni iWLAN?

Sithe satshilo ukuba iWLAN yintanethi yomnxeba womhlaba ongaqhelekanga. Kungenxa yokuba i-WLAN iyi- LAN engenantambo , kwaye i-LAN yinkampani ehambelanayo yeekhompyutha ezixhunyiwe ezikufutshane. Ii-LAN zifumaneka kumakhaya amaninzi, izikolo kunye namashishini. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-LAN engaphezu kweyodwa ekhaya lakho, bambalwa ukwenza oku kusebenza. Kule tutorial, sichaza indlela yokwakha i-WLAN enye yekhaya lakho.

Yintoni i-Wi-Fi?

I-Wi-Fi ligama leshishini elisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa iimveliso zentengiso ezingenazintambo. Uya kufumana uphawu lwe-Wi-Fi elimnyama nomhlophe okanye uphawu lwezaziso malunga naso nasiphi na isitsha esitsha esingenazintambo ozithengayo. Ukuthetha ngokweekhono, i-Wi-Fi ibonisa ukuhambelana nomndeni we-802.11 wemimiselo yokunxibelelana nge-wire (ichazwe ngezantsi). Kodwa ngenxa yokuba zonke iinjongo zeenethiwekhi zangasese ezingenazintambo ezisetyenziswayo zingasebenzisa imigangatho ka-802.11 namhlanje, ngokugqithiseleyo igama elithi "i-Wi-Fi" likwahlula kuphela izixhobo ezingenazintambo ezivela kwezinye izixhobo zethungelwano.

Yintoni i-802.11a / 802.11b / 802.11g?

I-802.11a , i- 802.11b , kunye ne- 802.11g zimela ezintathu zokunxibelelana ezingenazintambo ezingenantambo. Unxibelelwano olungenazintambo lunokwakhiwa kusetyenziswa nawaphi na a mathathu , kodwa i-802.11a ayihambisani kakhulu nabanye kwaye ithambekele ekubeni yinto ekhethileyo eqhutywe kuphela ngamashishini amakhulu.

Ziziphi iWEP, i-WPA kunye ne-Wardriving?

Ukhuseleko lwekhaya elingenazintambo kunye namanethiwekhi amashishini amancinci lihlala lixhalabisa abaninzi. Njengoko sisebenzisa i-rediyo okanye abamkeli bee-TV ukuya kwiindawo zokusasazwa kwesikhululo, kubonakala kulula ukuthabatha iimpawu ezisuka kwintanethi yasekhaya engena-wire. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuthengwa kwekhadi lesikweletu kwiWebhu kunokukhuseleka, kodwa cinga ukuba abamelwane bakho bahlola yonke i-imeyile kunye nomyalezo osheshayo owuthumelayo!

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amanye ama- techies aphakamisa umkhwa wokulondolozwa kweengcambu ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga nale ntsholongwane kwi-WLAN. Ngoncedo lwexabiso elincinci, izixhobo ezenziwe ekhaya, abagcini bempahla bahamba okanye baqhutywe kwiindawo ezihlala kuzo ukuba baxhomekeke kwi-intanethi yenethiwekhi engenazintambo ezivela kumakhaya asondeleyo. Abanye abagciniweyo baze bafaka iikhomputha zabo kwikhaya labantu abangabonakaliyo iiWLAN, ngokugqithiseleyo beba izixhobo zekhompyutha kunye nokufikelela kwi-intanethi.

I-WEP yayiyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenxibelelwano ezingenantambo ezenzelwe ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwabo. I-WEP igxuma (ukuthetha ngokwezakhono, ukubethela ) inethiwekhi yendlela yokubhala imathematika ukuze ezinye iikhomputha zikwazi ukuyiqonda, kodwa abantu abakwazi ukuyifunda. I-WEP iteknoloji yaphela emva kweminyaka ethile kwaye ithathelwe indawo yiWPA kunye nezinye iindlela zokukhusela . I-WPA inceda ukukhusela i-WLAN yakho kwii-wardrivers kunye nabamelwane abanomdla, kwaye nanamhlanje, zonke izixhobo ezingenazixhobo ezingenazintambo zixhasa. Ngenxa yokuba i- WPA yinto enokuguqulwa okanye yokucima, uzakufuna ukuba uqiniseke ukuba ilungiswe kakuhle xa uhlela inethwekhi yakho.

Ezilandelayo - Iintlobo zezixhobo ezingenazintambo

Iintlobo ezintlanu zezixhobo ezifumaneka kumanethiwekhi asekhaya angenazintambo:

Ezinye zezixhobo zikhethiweyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokucwangcisa inethiwekhi yakho. Makhe sihlolisise ngalinye iqela.

Iimodatha zeNethiwekhi ezingenantambo

Isixhobo ngasinye ofuna ukuxhuma kwi-WLAN kufuneka sibe ne-adapter yenethiwekhi engena-wire. Ama-adapter angenazintambo maxa wambi abizwa ngokuba ngama- NIC , afutshane kwiKlayiti yoNxibelelwano lweNethwekhi. Ii-adapter ezingenazintambo kwiikhomputer ze desktop zivame ukuba ngamakhadi a- PCI amancinci okanye ngamanye ama- adapter e-USB afana nekhadi. Iifutha ze-wireless zeekhomputha zekhompyutha zifana nekhadi lekhredithi eninzi. Kodwa ke, namhlanje, inani elinyukayo labaxhasi abangenazintambo alingekho amakhadi kodwa kunokuba iipoksi ezincinci zifakwe ngaphakathi kwincwadi okanye iikhomputha ezigcinwe ngesandla.

Ii-adapter zenethiwekhi ezingenazintambo ziqulethe umsakazo kunye nomkeli (i-transceiver). Abathengisi be-wireless bathumela kwaye bafumana imiyalezo, ukuguqulela, ukufometha, kwaye ngokubanzi ukucwangcisa ukuhamba kweenkcukacha phakathi kwikhomputha kunye nenethiwekhi. Ukuqaphela ukuba zininzi izixhobo zokunxibelelana ezingenazintambo ozifunayo ukuzithengisa inyathelo lokuqala lokuqala ekwakheni inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya. Hlola iinkcukacha zobugcisa beekhompyutheni zakho ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ziqukethe i-adapter ye-adapter.

Amanqaku okufikelela ezingenazintlu

Indawo yokufikelela engenazintambo isebenza njengesikhululo soqhagamshelwano se-WLAN. Enyanisweni, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa izitishi eziphantsi. Amanqaku okufikelela afumaneke, amabhokisi amancinci kunye nochungechunge lwezibane ze-LED ebusweni.

Amanqaku okufikelela afaka i-LAN engena-wire kwi-network ye- Ethernet yenethiwekhi esebenzayo. Abasebenzisi bezonxibelelwano zasekhaya bafaka indawo yokufikelela xa sele benayo i-router ebanzi kwaye bafuna ukongeza iikhomputha ze-wireless kwi-setup yabo yangoku. Umele usebenzise indawo yokufikelela okanye umbane ongenazintambo (uchazwe ngezantsi) ukuphumeza inethiwekhi ye-intanethi ye-wireless / wireless. Ngaphandle koko, mhlawumbi awudingi indawo yokufikelela.

IiRavers Routers

Umbane ongenanto ongenawo umnxeba ongenazintambo kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi eyongeziweyo. Njengama routti e- wired broadband, ii-routers ezingenazintambo zixhasa kwakhona ukwabelana ngoxhumano lwe-intanethi kwaye ziquka ubuchwepheshe be-firewall yokukhusela ukhuseleko lomnatha. Ii-routers ezingenazintlu zifana nendawo yokufikelela.

Inzuzo eyintloko yeendlela zokuhamba ngee-wireless kunye neendawo zokufikelela zikwazi ukuhlaziywa . Ama-transceivers abo abomeleleyo ayenzelwe ukusabalalisa isalathisi esingenantambo kwikhaya. Ikhaya le-WLAN elinomzila okanye indawo yokufikelela ingafikelela kumaziko angundoqo ekona kunye namasango, umzekelo, ngaphandle kweyodwa ngaphandle. Ngokufanayo, amanxibelelwano angenazintambo ezingenazintambo kunye ne-router okanye indawo yokufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezininzi kwiikhomputha ezininzi kunezinye ezingenanto. Njengoko siza kuchazela ngakumbi iinkcukacha kamva, ukuba i-design yakho ye-wireless LAN ifaka i-router okanye indawo yokufikelela, kufuneka usebenze onke ama-adapter enethiwekhi kwiimo-ndlela ebizwa ngokuba yindlela yokwakha ; Ngenye indlela bafanele baqhube kwimodi ye-ad hoc .

Ii-routers ezingenazintlu zikhethiweyo ezilungileyo kulabo abakha inethiwekhi yabo yokuqala. Khangela eli nqaku lilandelayo kwimimiselo emihle yeemveliso zokungasebenzisi ii-wire for network networks:

Iinqwelo ezihamba phambili ze-wireless 802.11g zekhaya

Antennas ezingenazintlu

Ama-adapters enethiwekhi angenazintambo, amanqaku okufikelela, kunye neendlela zokusebenzisa zonke i-antenna ukuncedisa ukufumana iimpawu kwi-WLAN. Ezinye i-antennas ezingenantambo, njengalezo zi-adapters, zingaphakathi ngaphakathi kwiyunithi. Amanye ama-antenna, afana nalawo amanqaku amaninzi okufikelela, abonakala ngaphandle. Ama-antenna aqhelekileyo athunyelwa ngeemveliso ezingenazintambo anika ukwamkelwa okwaneleyo kwiimeko ezininzi, kodwa unokufakela ukufaka ukhetho, ukongeza i-antenna ukuphucula ukufumana. Ngokuqhelekileyo akayi kukwazi ukuba uya kuyidinga le sixhobo kuze kube yilapho usuqedile ukusekwa kwakho kwenethiwekhi.

Iimpawu zoNxibelelwano ezingenazintambo

Abanye abavelisi beendawo zokufikelela ezingenazintambo kunye nee-routers nazo zithengisa isixhobo esincinane esibizwa ngokuba yi-booster signal. Ufakwe kunye ne-access point okanye i-router, i-booster ye-signal inikezela amandla okuthumela isiteshi sesiseko. Kuyakwazi ukusebenzisa izikhuthazo zamagqabantshintshi kunye nee -antennas ezongeziweyo ndawonye, ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwenethiwekhi yomnxeba kunye nokwamkela kanyekanye.

Ii-antenna kunye neziphakamiso zamanqaku zingabangela ukongeza kwintsebenziswano kwezinye iinqununu zasekhaya emva kokuba izinto ezisiseko zisendaweni. Bakwazi ukukhupha iikhompyutheni eziphuma ngaphandle kwi-WLAN, kwaye banokuphucula ukusebenza kwintsebenzo kwezinye iimeko.

I-WLAN Configurations

Ngoku ukuba uqonda kakuhle iinqununu ze-LAN ezingenazintambo, sikulungele ukuzibeka ngokuvumelana neemfuno zakho. Musa ukukhathazeka ukuba awuzange ulungele ukuqwalasela okwamanje; siya kuhlanganisa bonke.

Ukwandisa inzuzo kwimiyalelo engezantsi, phendula iimpendulo zakho kule mibuzo elandelayo:

Ngaba ufuna ukwandisa inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya enefayile kunye ne-WLAN, okanye ngaba uyakha inethiwekhi entsha ngokupheleleyo?
Zingaphi iikhompyuter ezingenasiphelo ozicwangcisayo ukucwangcisa, kwaye ziya kubaphi na ekhaya?
Ziziphi iinkqubo zokusebenza / uza kusebenza kwiikhomputha zakho ezinxibelelwano?
Ngaba udinga ukwabelana ngokuxhumeka kwe-intanethi phakathi kweekhomputha zeekhompyutha? Ungayisebenzisa njani enye iWLAN? Ukwabelana ngeFayile ? Udlala umdlalo ?

Ukufaka iRaver Router

I-router enye engenazintambo isekela enye iWLAN. Sebenzisa i-router engena-wire kwinethiwekhi yakho ukuba:

Uyakwakha inethiwekhi yakho yokuqala, okanye
Ufuna ukwakha kabusha inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya ukuba ibe yonxibelelwano-wireless, okanye
Ufuna ukugcina ukufakwa kwakho kweWLAN njengokulula kunokwenzeka.

Zama ukufaka i-router yakho engenawo kwindawo kwindawo ephakathi. Indlela yokunxibelelana kwe-Wi-Fi isebenza ngayo, iikhomputha eziseduze ne-router (ngokubanzi kwigumbi elifanayo okanye kumgca wamehlo) kubona isivinini esingcono senethiwekhi kunokuba iikhomputha zihamba phambili.

Xhuma i-router engenawucingo kwi-outlet yamandla kwaye ukhetha ngokukhethekileyo kumthombo wokuxhumeka kwe-Intanethi. Zonke ii-routers ezingenazintambo zixhasa i-modems ye-broadband, kunye nezinye zokunxibelelana kweefowuni ukuxhunywa kwenkonzo ye-intanethi . Ukuba ufuna ukuxhaswa kwe-dial-up, qi niseka ukuba uthenge i-router ene- RS-232 yebhanki ye serili . Ekugqibeleni, kuba ii-routers ezingenazintambo ziqulethwe kwindawo yokufikelela, ukhululekile ukudibanisa i-router wired, ishintsho okanye i- hub .

Emva koko, khetha igama lakho lenethiwekhi . Kwi-Intanethi ye-Wi-Fi, igama lomnatha libizwa ngokuba yi- SSID . I-router yakho kunye nayo yonke iikhomputha kwi-WLAN kufuneka yabelane nge-SSID efanayo. Nangona i-router yakho ithunyelwe ngegama elingagqibekanga elibekwe ngumenzi, kuyona nto ingcono ukuyitshintsha ngezizathu zokhuseleko. Qhagamshelana namaxwebhu omkhiqizo ukuze ufumane igama lomnxeba we-router yakho engenazintambo, kwaye ulandele le ngcebiso jikelele malunga nokubeka i-SSID yakho .

Ekugqibeleni, landela amaxwebhu om router ukwenzela ukukhuseleka kwe-WEP, vula izixhobo zomlilo, kwaye usethe naziphi na iiparameter ezinconywayo.

Ukufaka i-Wireless Access Point

Enye ye-wire point point isekela i-WLAN enye. Sebenzisa indawo yokufikelela engenazintambo kwintanethi yakho yasekhaya ukuba:

Awudingi iimpawu ezongezelelweyo i-router engena-wire inikezela kunye
Ukwandisa inethwekhi yasekhaya ye-Ethernet ekhoyo, okanye
Unayo (okanye ucwangcise ukuba nayo) iikhomputha ezine okanye ngaphezulu ezingenazintambo zisasazeka kwikhaya.

Faka indawo yokufikelela kwindawo ephakathi, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ukuxhuma amandla kunye noxhumo lwe-Intanethi, xa ufuna. Kwakhona udibanise indawo yokufikelela kwi-LAN router, utshintsho okanye ihabhu.

Ngeke ube ne-firewall ukulungelelanisa, ewe kunjalo, kodwa usenokwenza igama lomnatha kwaye unike amandla iWEP kwinqanaba lakho lokufikelela kweli nqanaba.

Ukuqwalasela ii-Adapter ze-Wireless

Qulunqa i-adapters yakho emva kokuseta umbane okanye ungena kwindawo yokufikelela (ukuba unayo). Faka ii-adapters kwiikhomputha zakho njengoko kuchaziwe kumaphepha akho emveliso. I-adapters ye-Wi-Fi idinga ukuba i- TCP / IP ifakwe kwikhompyutheni yomkhosi.

Abakhiqizi ngamnye banikezela ngezixhobo zokucwangcisa zabo iiplitha zabo. Kwi- Windows operating system , umzekelo, ii-adapters zine-graphical interface yomsebenzisi (i-GUI) ifumaneka kwi-Start menu okanye kwibar yomsebenzi emva kokuba ifakwe i-hardware. Nanku apho ubeka igama lenethiwekhi (SSID) kwaye uvule iWEP. Unokubeka kwakhona ezinye iiparitha njengoko kuchazwe kwicandelo elilandelayo. Khumbula, zonke ii-adapters zakho ezingenazintambo kufuneka zisebenzise izicwangciso zeparimeter ezifanayo kwiWLAN yakho ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuqwalasela i-Ad-Hoc Home WLAN

I-adapter nganye ye-Wi-Fi idinga ukuba ukhethe phakathi kwemodi yeziseko-mhlaba (ebizwa ngokuba yindlela yokufikelela kwindlela ezithile kwizixhobo zokucwangcisa) kunye nemoya engenazintambo ezingenanto ( imilinganiselo yoontanga ). Xa usebenzisa indawo yokufikelela engenazintambo okanye i-router, setha zonke iipayipi ezingenasiphelo kwindlela yokwakha. Kule ndlela, i-adapters ezingenazintambo zibona ngokuzenzekelayo zize zibekwe inombolo yabo yesiteshi se-WLAN ukufanisa indawo yokufikelela (router).

Ngenye indlela, faka zonke iifayili ze-wireless ukusebenzisa i-ad hoc. Xa unika le meko, uya kubona isicwangciso esahlukileyo senombolo yeseshya . Zonke ii-adapters kwi-LAN yakho engenazintambo ezingenazintambo zifuna iinombolo zeseshane ezifanayo.

I-Ad-hoc ekhaya Ukulungiswa kwe-WLAN kusebenza kakuhle kumakhaya aneekhompyutha ezimbalwa ezikufutshane. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona olu qulunqo njengolukhetho lokubuyela phantsi ukuba indawo yokufikelela okanye i-router yakho iphela.

Ukuqwalasela i-Intanethi yokuXhumana kwe-Intanethi

Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo, unokwabelana nge-intanethi kwi-intanethi ye-wireless wireless network. Ukwenza oku, khetha enye yeekhompyutheni yakho njengomncedisi (ngokufanelekileyo ukutshintsha i-router). Le khomputha iya kugcina uxhumano lwe modem kwaye kufuneka ngokucacileyo inikwe amandla xa kunxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi. I-Microsoft Windows inika into ebizwa ngokuba yi- Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) esebenza kunye nee-WLAN ezihambelana nazo.

Ngoku masigubungele ezinye zeengongoma ezigqibeleleyo ozifunayo ukuba wazi malunga neenethwekhi zangasese ezingenantambo.

Ukungafani kokungenaNqenqena ngaphakathi kweKhaya

Xa ufaka i-Wi-Fi router (okanye indawo yokufikelela), qaphela ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kwezinye izixhobo zombane. Ngokukodwa, musa ukufakela iyunithi kwisithuba se-3-10 inyawo (malunga ne-1-3 m) ukusuka kwi-oven microwave. Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo zokuphazamiseka ezingenazintambo zingamafoni angenazintambo ezingama-2.4 ze-GHz, abagadi babantwana, abavuli beminyango, kunye nezinye iifowuni zokuzenzekelayo .

Ukuba uhlala ekhaya ngeendonga zetena okanye izityambo, okanye enye enesinyithi, kufuneka uhlangabezane nobunzima ukugcina uphawu oluxinayo phakathi kwamagumbi. I-Wi-Fi yenzelwe ukuxhasa uhla lwamanqaku ukuya kwii-300 ezinyawo (malunga ne-100 m m), kodwa izithintelo zomzimba zinciphisa olu luhlu ngokubanzi. Zonke ii-802.11 zonxibelelwano (802.11a kunye nezinye ii-radios 5 GHz ezingaphezu kwe-2.4 GHz) zichaphazelekayo ngokuthintela; gcina oku engqondweni xa ufaka iifowuni zakho.

I-Router Routers / Ukungena kwi-Point Point ukusuka ngaphandle

Kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, akuqhelekanga kumqondiso angenawaya kumnatha womntu oyedwa ukuba angene ngaphakathi kwikhaya elingummelwane aze aphazamise inethiwekhi yabo. Oku kwenzeka xa zombini imindeni ibeka iziteshi zokunxibelelana eziphikisanayo. Ngethamsanqa, xa ulungisa i-router (indawo yokufikelela), unako (ngaphandle kweendawo ezimbalwa) utshintshe inombolo yeseshya eqeshwe.

E-United States, umzekelo, unokhetha naliphi na inombolo yesiteli ye-Wi-Fi phakathi kwe-1 no-11. Ukuba uhlangabezana nokuphazamiseka kwabamelwane, kufuneka uququzelele izicwangciso zesitishi kunye nabo. Ukusebenzisa nje amanani eeseshane ezahlukeneyo akuyi kusombulula ingxaki rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zombini imibutho isebenzisa enye yeefowuni zecandelo 1, 6 okanye 11 , eziza kuphelisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-cross-network.

Ukucoca idilesi yeMAC

Ii-routers ezingenasiphelo ezingenazintambo (amanqaku okufikelela) inkxaso inkxaso ekhuselekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi- MAC yefayile yokucoca. Le nto ikuvumela ukuba ubhalise ii-adapters ezingenazintambo kunye nomzila wakho (ukufikelela kwendawo) kwaye unyanzelise iyunithi ukuba unqabe iinkcukacha ezivela kuyo nayiphi na ifowuni engenazintlu ezingekho kwiluhlu lwakho. Ukucoca idilesi ye-MAC kunye ne-Wi-Fi eqhotyoshelweyo yokubethela (mhlawumbi i- WPA2 okanye bhetele) inika ukhuseleko olukhuselekileyo.

Iiprofayili ze-Adapter ezingenanto

Uninzi lwabaxhasi abangenazintambo lusekela into ebizwa ngokuba yiprofayili evumela ukuba ulungise kwaye ulondoloze iinkqubo ezininzi ze-WLAN. Umzekelo, unokwenza ulungiso lwe-ad hoc kwi-WLAN yakho yasekhaya kunye noqwalaselo lwemoya yeziseko kwiofisi yakho, uze utshintshe phakathi kwiprofayili ezimbini njengoko kufuneka. Ndincoma ukubeka iinkcukacha kwiikhomputha ozicebayo ukuhamba phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kunye nezinye iWLAN; ixesha ochithayo ngoku liza kusindisa ixesha elide kunye nokugqithisa emva koko.

Ukhuseleko lwangenantambo

Phakathi kwezikhetho oza kuzibona ekusebenziseni ukhuseleko lwe-wireless kumanethiwekhi asekhaya, iWPA2 ithathwa njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ezinye iigesi zingenako ukuxhasa le nqanaba eliphezulu lokukhusela, nangona kunjalo. I-WPA eqhelekileyo isebenza kakuhle kwiinkonzo ezininzi kwaye yinto efanelekileyo yokuwa kweWPA2. Zama ukuphepha ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WEP obudala xa kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kohlobo lokugqibela. I-WEP inceda ekuthintela abantu abangaqhelekanga ukuba bangene kwi-intanethi yakho kodwa banikeze ukhuselo oluphantsi kwabahlaseli.

Ukusekela ukhuseleko olungenazintambo, khetha indlela kwaye unike inombolo yocingo ende ebizwa ngokuba yitshixo okanye idrafrase kwi-router kunye nazo zonke izixhobo zakho. Ukudibanisa izicwangciso zokhuseleko kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwi-router kunye neklayenti yomxhasi ukuba uxhumano olungenaxilongo lusebenze. Gcina i-passphrase yakho imfihlelo, njengoko abanye bangakwazi ukujoyina i-network yakho ngokulula xa beyazi ikhowudi.

Iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo

Ukuba uthe wagqiba ukufaka ii-components, kodwa inethwekhi yakho yasekhaya ayisebenzi kakuhle, ingxaki ingxaki ngokuthe ngqo:

Ayikwazi ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi? Vala okwesikhashana i-firewall yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba unengxaki yokuqwalasela umlilo, okanye enye into. Okunye - Ayikwazi ukuxhuma kwi-Intanethi?
Ngokufanayo, vula kwaye uvavanye ii-adapters zakho ezingenazintambo ngomnye, ukugqiba ukuba iingxaki zixhomekeke kwikhompyutheni enye okanye ziqheleke kubo bonke.
Zama ukulungiswa kokungenazintambo ezingenazintambo xa unxibelelwano lwemoya yeziseko ezingasebenziyo, kwaye mhlawumbi uza kuchonga ingxaki ngendawo yakho yokufikelela okanye i-router
Ukukunceda ukuba usebenze ngokulandelana, njengoko ubhala inethwekhi yakho, bhala phantsi kwiphepha kwisetyenziso esitshixo njengegama lomnxeba, ukhiye wokhuseleko okanye i-passrafa, idilesi ze-MAC, kunye neenombolo zesitishi se-Wi-Fi (koko udle ubungqina emva koko!).
Musa ukukhathazeka ngokwenza iimpazamo; ungabuyela emva kwaye uguqule nayiphi na isethingi sakho seWLAN naliphi ixesha

Ekugqibeleni, ungamangalisi ukuba intsebenzo yenethiwekhi yakho ayifani namanani acatshulwe ngabavelisi bezixhobo. Ngokomzekelo, nangona izixhobo ezingama-802.11g zisekela ngobuchule ububanzi bee-Mb Mb 54, okona buninzi bobugcisa abuzange bufezekiswe ngokwenza. Isixa esiphezulu se-bandwidth yenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi sinokugqithiswa ngophaya ongenakukwazi ukulawula. Lindela ukubona ngaphezulu kwehafu yesigqeba esiphezulu (malunga ne-20 Mbps kwininzi ye-54 Mbps link) kwikhenkethi yakho yasekhaya.